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24 | SAMLEX AMERICA INC.

terminal of Battery 3 is connected to the Positive terminal of Battery 2. The Negative
terminal of Battery 2 is connected to the Positive terminal of Battery 1. The Negative ter-
minal of Battery 1 becomes the Negative terminal of the 24V battery bank.

Parallel connection

Fig 7.3: Parallel Connection

When two or more batteries are connected in parallel, their voltage remains the same
but their Ah capacities add up. fig. 7.3 above shows 4 pieces of 12V, 100 Ah batteries
connected in parallel to form a battery bank of 12V with a capacity of 400 Ah. The four
Positive terminals of Batteries 1 to 4 are paralleled (connected together) and this com-
mon Positive connection becomes the Positive terminal of the 12V bank. Similarly, the
four Negative terminals of Batteries 1 to 4 are paralleled (connected together) and this
common Negative connection becomes the Negative terminal of the 12V battery bank.

Series – Parallel connection

Fig. 7.4: Series-Parallel Connection

figure 7.4 above shows a series – parallel connection consisting of four 6V, 200 AH bat-
teries to form a 12V, 400 Ah battery bank. Two 6V, 200 Ah batteries, Batteries 1 and 2

seCtIOn 7 |

General Information on Batteries for

Powering Inverters

12V

12V

12V

12V

Battery 1

Battery 3

Battery 2

Battery 4

Cable “A”

Cable “B”

12V Inverter

or 12V Charger

6V

6V

6V

6V

12V String 1

12V String 2

Battery 1

Battery 3

Battery 2

Battery 4

12V Inverter

or 12V Charger

Cable “A”

Cable “B”

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Содержание PST-600-12

Страница 1: ...DC AC Power Inverter Pure Sine Wave PST 600 12 PST 600 24 PST 1000 12 PST 1000 24 Please read this manual before installing your inverter Owner s Manual ...

Страница 2: ...7 General Information on Batteries for Powering Inverters 16 Section 8 Installation 27 Section 9 Operation 36 Section 10 Protections 38 Section 11 Trouble Shooting Guide 40 Section 12 Specifications 42 Section 13 Warranty 46 DETAILED PRODUCT INFORMATION For a complete user manual including specifications application notes installation instructions trouble shooting and more please visit the web pag...

Страница 3: ...ys connect the grounding connection on the unit to the appropriate grounding system Disassembly repair should be carried out by qualified personnel only Disconnect all AC and DC side connections before working on any circuits associated with the unit Turning the on off switch on the unit to off position may not entirely remove dangerous voltages Be careful when touching bare terminals of capacitor...

Страница 4: ...ere burn If you need to remove a battery always remove the ground terminal from the battery first Make sure that all the accessories are off so that you do not cause a spark SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS INVERTER RELATED Preventing Paralleling of the AC Output The AC output of the unit should never be connected directly to an Electrical Breaker Panel Load Centre which is also fed from the utility power gene...

Страница 5: ...system Always use a charge controller between the solar panel and the battery Do not connect this unit to a battery system with a voltage higher than the rated bat tery input voltage of the unit e g do not connect the 12V version of the unit to 24V battery system or the 24V version to the 48V Battery System Preventing Reverse Polarity on the Input Side When making battery connections on the input ...

Страница 6: ...purely induc tive load the current vector lags the voltage vector by Phase Angle φ 90 In a purely capacitive load the current vector leads the voltage vector by Phase Angle φ 90 In a purely resistive load the current vector is in phase with the voltage vector and hence the Phase Angle φ 0 In a load consisting of a combination of resistances induct ances and capacitances the Phase Angle φ of the ne...

Страница 7: ...tion devices have to be sized based on the combined effect of the Active and Reactive Powers that is called the Apparent Power Apparent S Power VA This power denoted by S is the vectorial sum of the Active Power in Watts and the Reactive Power in VAR In magnitude it is equal to the RMS value of voltage V X the RMS value of current A The Unit is VA Please note that Apparent Power VA is more than th...

Страница 8: ...smoothly with a smoothly changing phase angle and also changes its polarity instantly when it crosses 0 Volts In a modified sine wave the voltage rises and falls abruptly the phase angle also changes abruptly and it sits at 0Vs for some time before changing its polarity Thus any device that uses a control circuitry that senses the phase for voltage speed control or instantaneous zero voltage cross...

Страница 9: ...orescent lights audio amplifiers TV fax and answering machines Does not contribute to the possibility of crashes in computers weird print outs and glitches in monitors Some examples of devices that may not work properly with modified sine wave and may also get damaged are given below Laser printers photocopiers and magneto optical hard drives Built in clocks in devices such as clock radios alarm c...

Страница 10: ... rating of the appliances and devices indicates only the running power required The surge power required by some specific types of devices as explained above has to be determined by actual test ing or by checking with the manufacturer This may not be possible in all cases and hence can be guessed at best based on some general rules of thumb Table 2 1 below lists some common loads that require high...

Страница 11: ... when the equipment is operated in a residential environment These inverters can conduct and radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications The effects of EMI will also depend upon a number of factors external to the inverter like proximity of the inverter to the EMI receptors types and q...

Страница 12: ... Power Factor correction is not sinusoidal but non linear as shown in Fig 4 2 above The steady state input current of SMPS is a train of non linear pulses instead of a sinusoidal wave These pulses are two to four milliseconds duration each when on 50 Hz power with a very high Crest Factor corresponding to peak values around 3 times the RMS value of the input current Crest Factor Peak value RMS val...

Страница 13: ...t Embedded Switch Mode Power Supplies SMPS Fig 4 1 Inrush current in an SMPS Fig 4 2 High Crest Factor of current drawn by SMPS Input voltage Inrush current RMS Current TIME Peak Current RMS Current Non linear Input Current Input Sine Wave Voltage ...

Страница 14: ...rops to 0V changes the polarity to negative direction and slowly increases in the negative direction to a peak negative value Vpeak 168 69V and then slowly drops back to 0V There are 60 such cycles in 1 sec Cycles per second is called the Frequency and is also termed Hertz Hz Fig 5 1 120 VAC 60 Hz Pure Sine Waveform The voltage conversion takes place in two stages In the first stage the DC voltage...

Страница 15: ...ED Over Temperature 5 NEMA5 20R GFCI Duplex Outlets 6 Cooling Fan Opening 7 Grounding Lug 8 Negative DC Input Terminal 9 Positive DC Input Terminal 10 Modular Jack for RC 15A Remote Control PST 600 PST 1000 12 24 Layout NEG WARNING Reverse polarity will damage the unit AVERTISSEMENT Inversion de polarité peut endommager l unité NEG POS 10 Fig 6 1 Layout of PST 600 and PST 1000 ...

Страница 16: ...called End Point Voltage at a specified temperature of the electrolyte As a benchmark the automotive battery industry rates batteries at a Discharge Rate C 20 Amperes corresponding to 20 Hour discharge period The rated capacity C in Ah in this case will be the number of Amperes of current the battery can deliver for 20 Hours at 80ºF 26 7ºC till the voltage drops to 1 75V Cell i e 10 5V for 12V bat...

Страница 17: ... electrolyte covering the plates As explained above the amount of stored electrical energy is also called the Capacity of the battery and is designated by the symbol C The time in Hours over which the battery is discharged to the End Point Voltage for purposes of specifying Ah capacity depends upon the type of application Let us denote this discharge time in hours by T Let us denote the discharge ...

Страница 18: ...current at 20 Hour discharge period i e 0 05C C20 C 20 Amps Charging Discharging Curves Fig 7 1 page 19 shows the charging and discharging characteristics of a typical 6 cell 12V Lead Acid battery at electrolyte temperature of 80 F 26 7 C The curves show the State of Charge X axis versus terminal voltage Y axis during charging and discharg ing at different C Rates For 24V battery multiply voltage ...

Страница 19: ...apacity C 20 100 C 10 87 C 8 83 C 6 75 C 5 70 C 3 60 C 2 50 1C 40 12 Volt Lead Acid Battery Chart 80 F 26 7 C Battery Voltage in VDC Battery State of Charge in Percent 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 16 5 16 0 15 5 15 0 14 5 14 0 13 5 13 0 12 5 12 0 11 5 11 0 10 5 10 0 9 5 9 0 C 5 C 40 C 20 C 10 DISCHARGE CHARGE C 20 C 3 C 5 C 10 C 100 Please note that X axis shows State of Charge Sta...

Страница 20: ...3 to 8 hours before the voltage measurement is taken Table 7 4 below shows the State of Charge versus Standing Voltage for a 12V battery system at 80 F 26 7ºC For 24 volt systems multiply by 2 for 48 volt systems multiply by 4 Table 7 4 State of Charge versus Standing Voltage 12V Battery Percentage of Full Charge Standing Voltage of 6 Cell 12V Nominal Battery Standing Voltage of Individual Cells 1...

Страница 21: ...ses with drop in temperature The amount of discharging current or C Rate A battery has non linear internal resistance and hence as the discharge current increases the battery terminal voltage decreases non linearly The discharge curves in Fig 7 1 page 19 show the State of Charge versus the termi nal voltage of a 12V battery under different charge discharge currents i e C Rates and fixed temperatur...

Страница 22: ...voltage of 10V is as follows Please note that the X Axis of the curves shows the of State of Charge The of State of Discharge will be 100 State of Charge 85 State of Discharge 15 State of Charge at very high C rate discharge current of C 3 Amps 100 State of Discharge 0 State of Charge at high C Rate discharge current of C 5 Amps 100 discharged 0 State of charge at lower C rate Discharge current of...

Страница 23: ...5 below Table 7 5 Typical Cycle Life Chart Depth of Discharge of Ah Capacity Cycle Life of Group 27 31 Cycle Life of Group 8D Cycle Life of Group GC2 10 1000 1500 3800 50 320 480 1100 80 200 300 675 100 150 225 550 NOTE It is recommended that the depth of discharge should be limited to 50 Series and Parallel Connection of Batteries Series Connection Fig 7 2 Series Connection When two or more batte...

Страница 24: ...re paralleled connected together and this com mon Positive connection becomes the Positive terminal of the 12V bank Similarly the four Negative terminals of Batteries 1 to 4 are paralleled connected together and this common Negative connection becomes the Negative terminal of the 12V battery bank Series Parallel Connection Fig 7 4 Series Parallel Connection Figure 7 4 above shows a series parallel...

Страница 25: ...connection ensures the following The resistances of the interconnecting cables will be balanced All the individual batteries battery strings will see the same series resistance All the individual batteries will charge discharge at the same charging current and thus will be charged to the same state at the same time None of the batteries will see an overcharge condition Sizing the Inverter Battery ...

Страница 26: ...ed on the run time and the usable capacity From Table 7 3 Battery Capacity versus Rate of Discharge the usable capacity at 3 Hour discharge rate is 60 Hence the actual capacity of the 12V batteries to deliver 300 Ah will be equal to 300 Ah 0 6 500 Ah And finally the actual desired rated capacity of the batteries is determined based on the fact that normally only 80 of the capacity will be availabl...

Страница 27: ...t in an area with limited airﬂow Keep a minimum clearance of 10 around the unit to provide adequate ventilation If installed in an enclosure openings must be provided in the enclosure directly opposite to the air intake and exhaust open ings of the inverter Dry There should be no risk of condensation water or any other liquid that can enter or fall on the unit Clean The area should be free of dust...

Страница 28: ...This RFI is limited to the required standards Locate any elec tronic equipment susceptible to radio frequency and electromagnetic interference as far away from the inverter as possible Read Section 3 page 11 Limiting Electromagnetic Interference EMI for additional information Overall Dimensions The overall dimensions and the location of the mounting slots are shown in Fig 8 1 1 and 8 1 2 Fig 8 1 1...

Страница 29: ...t dislodged portions should not be able to fall out of the unit on to a combustible material and cause a fire hazard The size of openings has been limited as per the safety requirements to prevent the above possibilities when the unit is mounted in the recommended orientations In order to meet the regulatory safety requirements the mounting has to satisfy the following requirements Mount on a non ...

Страница 30: ...44 VDC Always use a charge controller between the solar panel and the battery When using Diversion Charge Control Mode in a charge controller the solar wind hydro source is directly connected to the battery bank In this case the controller will divert excess current to an external load As the battery charges the diversion duty cycle will increase When the battery is fully charged all the source en...

Страница 31: ...ffects of voltage drop and heating Thus thicker and shorter conductors are desirable The size thickness cross section of the conductors is designated by AWG American Wire Gauge Please note that a smaller AWG denotes a thicker size of the conductor up to AWG 1 Wires thicker than AWG 1 are designated AWG 1 0 AWG 2 0 AWG 3 0 and so on In this case increasing AWG denotes thicker wire The DC input circ...

Страница 32: ... AIC of at least 10 000A should be used As per UL Standard 248 15 This special purpose current limiting very fast acting fuse will blow in less than 8 ms under short circuit conditions Appropriate capacity of the above Class T fuse should be installed within 7 178mm of the battery Plus Terminal The fuse will require a corresponding fuse holder WARNING Use of an appropriately sized external fuse as...

Страница 33: ...les will produce lower voltage drop and hence will further improve the overall efficiency Also voltage drop may be 2 in some cases for distances 3 ft 91 metres DC Input Connection The DC input terminals for battery connection 8 9 in Fig 6 1 have cylindrical hole with set screw Hole size for PST 600 8 mm 315 with M 8 set screw Hole size for PST 1000 11 mm 433 with M 8 set screw DO NOT insert the st...

Страница 34: ...In effect electricity is escaping to the ground How it leaks is very important If your body provides a path to the ground for this leakage dry human body has a low resistance of only around 1 K Ohm you could be injured burned severely shocked or electrocuted A Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter GFCI protects people from electric shock by detecting leakage and cutting off the AC source The AC output ...

Страница 35: ...nded to Earth Ground in the Sub Panel the GFCI in the inverter will not trip Grounding to Earth or to other designated ground For safety ground the metal chassis of the inverter to the Earth Ground or to the other designated ground For example in a mobile RV the metal frame of the RV is normally designated as the negative DC ground An equipment grounding Lug 7 has been pro vided for grounding the ...

Страница 36: ...in the off position Hence disconnect the DC and AC sides before working on any circuits connected to the inverter When the inverter is switched on the GREEN Power ON LED 2 Fig 6 1 will be lighted This LED indicates that the input section of the inverter is operating normally Under normal operating conditions AC output voltage will now be available at the GFCI Duplex Receptacle 5 The Green indicato...

Страница 37: ...the circuitry alive and ready to deliver the required power on demand This is called the idle current or the no load draw Hence when the load is not required to be operated turn off the on off switch on the inverter to prevent unnecessary current drain from the battery i INFO When the inverter is turned OFF using the optional Remote Control RC 15A some control circuitry in the inverter is still al...

Страница 38: ...t thick enough Please see page 31 Connection From the Batteries To the DC Input Side of The Unit Wire and External Fuse Sizes If the voltage at the DC input terminals falls below 10 5V for 12V versions or 21 0V for 24V versions a buzzer alarm will be sounded The GREEN Power ON LED 2 and indication light on the GFCI will continue to be lighted and the AC output voltage would continue to be availabl...

Страница 39: ...Negative of the bat tery wrongly connected to the Positive DC input terminal of the inverter will blow the external internal DC side fuses If the DC side fuse is blown the inverter will be dead The Status LED 2 and the GREEN indication light on the GFCI will be switched off and there will be no AC output i INFO Reverse polarity connection is likely to damage the DC input circuitry The internal fus...

Страница 40: ...ry cables are thick enough to carry the required current over the required length Use thicker cables if required Tighten connections of battery input circuit Reduce load Buzzer alarm is sounded when load is switched on Voltage at DC input terminals reads between 10 to 10 5V for 12V versions and between 20 to 21 0V for 24V versions The GREEN Power ON LED 2 is lighted Indication light on the GFCI is...

Страница 41: ...chnical support Note The unit will be latched in this shut down condition and will require manual reset To reset switch off the power On Off switch wait for 3 minutes and then switch on again Before switching on again remove the cause of the shut down There is no AC output Buzzer alarm is sounded Red Over temperature LED 4 is lighted The GREEN Power ON LED 2 is lighted GREEN indication light on th...

Страница 42: ...315 Set screw M8 DISPLAY LED Power Overload Over Temperature PROTECTIONS LOW DC INPUT VOLTAGE ALARM 10 7V 21 4V LOW DC INPUT VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN 10V 20V HIGH DC INPUT VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN 16 5V 33V SHORT CIRCUIT SHUTDOWN Yes Yes OVERLOAD SHUTDOWN Yes Yes GROUND FAULT SHUTDOWN Yes Yes OVER TEMPERATURE SHUTDOWN Yes Yes REVERSE POLARITY ON DC INPUT SIDE Yes Yes WIRED REMOTE CONTROL OPTIONAL RC 15A Sold sepa...

Страница 43: ...g sure that the fuse in the vehicle which protects the outlet is rated higher 80 amperes 12V battery or 40 amperes 24V battery Information on the vehicle fuse ratings is typically found in the vehicle operator s manual If a vehicle fuse opens repeat edly do not keep on replacing it The cause of the overload must be found On no account should fuses be patched up with tin foil or wire as this may ca...

Страница 44: ... mm 433 Set screw M8 DISPLAY LED Power Overload Over Temperature PROTECTIONS LOW DC INPUT VOLTAGE ALARM 10 7V 21 4V LOW DC INPUT VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN 10V 20V HIGH DC INPUT VOLTAGE SHUTDOWN 16 5V 33V SHORT CIRCUIT SHUTDOWN Yes Yes OVERLOAD SHUTDOWN Yes Yes GROUND FAULT SHUTDOWN Yes Yes OVER TEMPERATURE SHUTDOWN Yes Yes REVERSE POLARITY ON DC INPUT SIDE Yes Yes WIRED REMOTE CONTROL OPTIONAL RC 15A Sold ...

Страница 45: ...re that the fuse in the vehicle which protects the outlet is rated higher 160 amperes 12V battery or 80 amperes 24V bat tery Information on the vehicle fuse ratings is typically found in the vehicle operator s manual If a vehicle fuse opens repeatedly do not keep on replacing it The cause of the overload must be found On no account should fuses be patched up with tin foil or wire as this may cause...

Страница 46: ... the defect after having a reasonable number of opportunities to do so Warranty service shall be performed only by the Warrantor Any attempt to remedy the defect by anyone other than the Warrantor shall render this warranty void There shall be no warranty for defects or damages caused by faulty installation or hook up abuse or misuse of the equipment including exposure to excessive heat salt or fr...

Страница 47: ...SAMLEX AMERICA INC 47 NOTES ...

Страница 48: ...1 5885 Fax 888 814 5210 Local Numbers Ph 604 525 3836 Fax 604 525 5221 Website www samlexamerica com USA Shipping Warehouse Kent WA Canadian Shipping Warehouse Delta BC Email purchase orders to orders samlexamerica com 11001 PST 600 1000 12 24 1012 ...

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