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17

References

1. Neil A. Muncy, “Noise Susceptibility in Analog and Digital Signal Process-

ing Systems,” presented at the 97th AES Convention of Audio Engineering 

Society in San Francisco, CA, Nov. 1994.

2. 

Grounding, Shielding, and Interconnections in Analog & Digital Signal Pro-

cessing Systems: Understanding the Basics

; Workshops designed and present-

ed by Neil Muncy and Cal Perkins, at the 97th AES Convention of Audio 

Engineering Society in San Francisco, CA, Nov. 1994.

3. The entire June 1995 AES Journal, Vol. 43, No. 6, available $6 members, 

$11 nonmembers from the Audio Engineering Society, 60 E. 42nd St., 

New York, NY, 10165-2520.

4. Phillip Giddings, 

Audio System Design and Installation

 (SAMS, Indiana, 

1990). 

5. Ralph Morrison, 

Noise and Other Interfering Signals

 (Wiley, New York, 

1992).

6. Henry W. Ott, 

Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems

, 2nd Edi-

tion (Wiley, New York, 1988).

7. Cal Perkins, “Measurement Techniques for Debugging Electronic Systems 

and Their Instrumentation,”  

The Proceedings of the 11th International AES 

Conference: Audio Test & Measurement,

 Portland, OR, May 1992, pp. 82-

92 (Audio Engineering Society, New York, 1992).

8. Macatee,

 RaneNote

: “Grounding and Shielding Audio Devices,” Rane 

Corporation, 1994.

9. Philip Giddings, “Grounding and Shielding for Sound and Video,”

 S&VC

, 

Sept. 20th, 1995.

10. AES48-2005: 

AES standard on interconnections —Grounding and EMC 

practices — Shields of connectors in audio equipment containing active cir-

cuitry 

(Audio Engineering Society, New York, 2005).

Band-Aid is a registered trademark of Johnson & Johnson

Figures 4a, 4b, 4c. 

Interconnect chart for locating correct cable assemblies on the following pages.

Note: (A) This configuration uses an “off-the-shelf” cable.

Note: (B) This configuration causes a 6 dB signal loss. Compensate by 

“turning the system up” 6 dB.

Содержание BB 22

Страница 1: ...rd and paper Cartons et papier à recycler Contents Features 2 General Description 2 BB 22 Application Information 3 BB 22 Specifications 4 Designator Drawing 5 Block Diagram 6 Schematic 7 Sound System Interconnection 8 Warranty 24 11259 ...

Страница 2: ...For instance a BB 22 may be mounted to the back of a jukebox converting its unbalanced outputs to balanced lines feeding an amplifier in another room Signal to noise performance is perfectly preserved using the BB 22 since it uses only passive transformers to convert signal levels It adds no additional noise whatsoever Use of professional quality nickel core 80 Ni transform ers guarantee low disto...

Страница 3: ...kΩ load winds up looking like 1 kΩ to the equipment with the 10 dBV output due to transformer action This may seem excessively low but is not in practice The maximum transformer output level of 24 dBu occurs with an input level of 10 dBV which equals 3 16 volts And 3 16 volts driving 1 kΩ only requires 3 16 milliamps which is a very modest requirement for any 10 dBV equipment to deliver Wiring The...

Страница 4: ...s Shown 10 dBV 1k 5 Ω Load impedance 15k Ω Insertion Loss 0 5 0 1 dB With recommended load impedance DC Resistance 47 5 200 10 Ω 10 dBV 4 dBu Frequency Response 20 20 kHz 2 dB 4 dBu out recom load impedance THD Noise less than 05 40 Hz 20 kHz max 4 dBu out Unit Conformity CE FCC Exempt Unit Construction All Steel Size 1 65 H x 5 1 W x 4 25 D 4 2 cm x 13 cm x 10 8 cm Weight 1 lb 45 kg Shipping Size...

Страница 5: ...5 Designator Drawing ...

Страница 6: ...6 Block Diagram INPUT 1 10 dBV 4 dBu 10 dBV 4 dBu INPUT 2 OUTPUT 1 OUTPUT 2 ...

Страница 7: ... XLR MALE 2 9 11 4 T1 XFMR LINE OUT 2 9 11 4 T2 XFMR LINE OUT 7 8 9 6 10 2 3 4 1 5 11 12 J4A EURO 12 POS IN2 IN1 IN2 IN1 OUT2 OUT1 OUT2 OUT1 PN 03949 FOR BB22 PN 03949 FOR BB22 PN 00961 FOR LT22 PN 00961 FOR LT22 NOTE J1 J2 J3 FOR BB22 ONLY J4 FOR LT22 ONLY CHANNEL 1 CHANNEL 2 1 2 J1 PHONO 1 S GOLD 1 2 J5 PHONO 1 S GOLD RB 2 24 99 BB 22 ONLY LT 22 ONLY GND GND GND GND Schematic ...

Страница 8: ...e 110 1985 1995 2006 2007 Rane Corporation Sound System Interconnection Cause prevention of ground loops Interfacing balanced unbalanced Proper pin connections and wiring Chassis ground vs signal ground Ground lift switches RaneNote ...

Страница 9: ...ng Society AES has issued a standards document for interconnection of pro audio equipment It is AES48 titled AES48 2005 AES standard on inter connections Grounding and EMC practices Shields of connectors in audio equipment containing active circuitry Rane s policy is to accommodate rather than dictate However this docu ment contains suggestions for external wiring changes that should ideally only ...

Страница 10: ...rely eliminated What makes a ground loop current annoying is when the audio signal is affected Unfortunately many manufacturers of balanced au dio equipment design the internal grounding system improperly thus creating balanced equipment that is not immune to the cabling s noise currents This is one reason for the bad reputation sometimes given to balanced interconnect A second reason for balanced...

Страница 11: ...y balanced lines and nothing but balanced lines This is why they were developed Further that you tie the shield to the chassis at the point it enters the chassis and at both ends of the cable more on both ends later Since standard XLR cables come with their shields tied to pin 1 at each end the shells are not tied nor need be this means equipment using 3 pin XLR type connectors must tie pin 1 to t...

Страница 12: ...2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE SHIELD RED BLACK SHIELD RED BLACK SHIELD RED BLACK SHIELD RED BLACK SHIELD RED BLACK SHIELD CHASSIS GROUND CHASSIS GROUND SIGNAL GROUND S R T G BALANCED OUTPUTS BALANCED INPUTS MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE 1 2 3 C 1 3 2 2 C 3 1 2 1 3 ...

Страница 13: ...e Another way to create the necessary isolation is to use a direct box Origi nally named for its use to convert the high impedance high level output of an electric guitar to the low impedance low level input of a recording console it allowed the player to plug directly into the console Now this term is com monly used to describe any box used to convert unbalanced lines to balanced lines NOT CONNEC...

Страница 14: ...nterference by providing an RF path through a small capacitor 0 1 or 0 01 microfarad ce ramic disc connected from the lifted end of the shield to the chassis This is referred to as the hybrid shield termination where the sending end is bonded to the chassis and the receiving end is capacitively coupled See Neutrik s EMC XLR for example The fact that many modern day installers still follow this one...

Страница 15: ... switch If after hooking up your system it exhibits excessive hum or buzzing there is an incompatibility somewhere in the system s grounding configuration In addition to these spe cial cable assemblies that may help here are some more things to try 1 Try combinations of lifting grounds on units supplied with lift switches or links It is wise to do this with the power off 2 If you have an entirely ...

Страница 16: ...nd do not make the cross coupled modification of tying the ring and sleeve together Winning the Wiring Wars Use balanced connections whenever possible with the shield bonded to the metal chassis at both ends Transformer isolate all unbalanced connections from balanced connec tions Use special cable assemblies when unbalanced lines cannot be transformer isolated Any unbalanced cable must be kept un...

Страница 17: ... Ott Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems 2nd Edi tion Wiley New York 1988 7 Cal Perkins Measurement Techniques for Debugging Electronic Systems and Their Instrumentation The Proceedings of the 11th International AES Conference Audio Test Measurement Portland OR May 1992 pp 82 92 Audio Engineering Society New York 1992 8 Macatee RaneNote Grounding and Shielding Audio Devices Rane Corpo...

Страница 18: ...LR NOT A TRANSFORMER NOR A CROSS COUPLED OUTPUT STAGE FEMALE BALANCED XLR EITHER A TRANSFORMER OR A CROSS COUPLED OUTPUT STAGE BALANCED TRS NOT A TRANSFORMER NOR A CROSS COUPLED OUTPUT STAGE BALANCED TRS EITHER A TRANSFORMER OR A CROSS COUPLED OUTPUT STAGE FLOATING UNBALANCED CABLE CONNECTORS to to SHIELD NC to to SHIELD NC to to SHIELD ONLY TO EUROBLOCK to to SHIELD NC to to GROUND to GROUND From...

Страница 19: ... TRS EITHER A TRANSFORMER OR A CROSS COUPLED OUTPUT STAGE FLOATING UNBALANCED TRS TIP RING SLEEVE SLEEVE IN UNIT NC OR 3 5 mm UNBALANCED TS TIP SLEEVE UNBALANCED RCA TIP SLEEVE BALANCED EUROBLOCK to to SHIELD ONLY TO XLR PIN 1 to to SHIELD ONLY TO EUROBLOCK to to SHIELD NC to to SHIELD ONLY TO TRS SLEEVE to to GROUND to GROUND to to GROUND to GROUND From Output To Input ...

Страница 20: ...2 3 1 C 2 1 3 2 nput Output RED BLACK RED BLACK SHIELD RED BLACK BLACK FEMALE FEMALE 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 SHIELD RED RED SHIELD RED SHIELD RED RED BLACK N C N C RED RED 3 NC 2 RED 1 SHIELD 2 RED 1 SHIELD 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 NC 1 NC 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 SHIELD SHIELD FEMALE FEMALE FEMALE RED SHIELD RED BLACK SHIELD RED RED BLACK 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 C...

Страница 21: ...1 3 2 To Inp From O SHIELD N C BLACK RED SHIELD N C BLACK RED BLACK RED 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 NC SHIELD BLACK RED BLACK BLACK RED RED SHIELD RED SHIELD RED SHIELD RED SHIELD RED 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 1 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 1 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE S SHIELD T RED S BLACK T RED S BLACK T RED 12 S SHIELD R BLACK T RED S BLACK T RED CROSS COUP...

Страница 22: ... RED S SHIELD T RED 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 SHIELD 3 BLACK 2 RED 1 SHIELD SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD RED SHIELD RED BLACK RED N C N C BLACK RED BLACK RED BLACK RED RED SHIELD RED 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 1 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 1 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE From Output ...

Страница 23: ...LACK 2 RED 1 SHIELD BLACK SHIELD RED BLACK SHIELD RED SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD BLACK RED SHIELD RED SHIELD RED SHIELD RED SHIELD RED 24 S BLACK T RED CROSS COUPLED OUTPUT ONLY CONNECT BLACK TO SHIELD AT THIS END AND SET GROUND LIFT SWITCH TO GROUNDED IF PRESENT BLACK SHIELD RED BLACK RED 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE S BLACK T RED SHIELD BLACK RED BLACK RED 2 CONDUCTOR SHIELDED CABLE 2 CONDUCTOR SHIEL...

Страница 24: ...imited warranty extends to all purchasers or owners of the product during the warranty period beginning with the original retail purchase Rane Corporation does not however warrant its products against any and all defects 1 arising out of material or workmanship not provided or furnished by Rane or 2 resulting from abnormal use of the product or use in violation of instructions or 3 in products rep...

Страница 25: ... repair facility in the country where purchased or to the Rane factory in the U S in the original packaging or a replacement supplied by Rane with all transportation costs and full insurance paid each way by the purchaser or owner ALL REMEDIES AND THE MEASURE OF DAMAGES ARE LIMITED TO THE ABOVE SERVICES IT IS POSSIBLE THAT ECONOMIC LOSS OR INJURY TO PERSON OR PROPERTY MAY RESULT FROMTHE FAILURE OF...

Страница 26: ...ion of the warranty card NOTICE ItisnotnecessarytoregisterinordertoreceiveRaneCorporation sstandard two year limited warranty WARRANTY REGISTRATION is made and tracked by model and serial numbers only not by the purchaser s or owner s name Therefore any warranty correspondence or inquires must include the model and serial number of the product in question Be sure to fill in the model and serial nu...

Страница 27: ...ent 3 Remote power supply if applicable Repaired products purchased in the U S will be returned prepaid freight via the same method they were sent to Rane Products purchased in the U S but sent to the factory from outside the U S must include return freight funds and the sender is fully responsible for all customs procedures duties tariffs and deposits In order to qualify for Rane s one year exten...

Страница 28: ...BB 22 BALANCE BUDDY 4 225 0 15 2 5 5 1 0 775 0 35 1 636 OUTPUT 1 OUTPUT 2 4dBu 4dBu 10dBV 10dBV INPUT 2 INPUT 1 BALANCE BUDDY RANE CORP 1 2 BB 22 ...

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