6
Operation of the Kiln
PYROTEC-kilns have a maximal application temperature between 1100°C and 1320°C,
depending on the model. In most cases, the maximal firing temperature will depend on the
characteristics of the ware and be limited to lower values. When in doubt, always use the
lower limit temperature.
Fire only approved raw materials and glazes in your kiln. When in doubt, consult your dealer.
Distribute the pieces you want to fire evenly in the kiln.
Use kiln shelves and props for optimal use of space.
Make sure that the props are positioned directly on top
of each other on every level for even weight
distribution to prevent cracks or deformation of the
shelves (see picture).
Biscuit Firing
During
biscuit firing
, raw ceramic pieces may touch each other. They can be placed directly
on the shelves. Large, flat bowls or tiles are fired in horizontal position on the shelves to
avoid distortions. Leave enough space between the shelves (bigger shelves need a greater
distance!). Sufficient space for air circulation is required for even temperature distribution.
Glaze Firing
During
glaze firing
, glazed ceramic pieces must not come into contact with each other or the
inside of the kiln or the glaze layers will fuse. For a glaze firing, place metal or ceramic
spacers underneath the glazed pieces to prevent glaze from sticking to the shelves. It is also
recommended to coat the shelves with kiln wash, which makes it easier to remove glaze
residues from the shelves. Kilns lids equipped with a latch should be buckled down during the
firing to avoid deformation of the lid.
Maintenance
It is recommended to have the electrical system checked by a specialist at regular intervals
(every 4 years).
The power plug must be disconnected before cleaning or servicing the kiln.
Check the interior wall for glaze residues before every firing. Remove glaze residues
immediately from the fire bricks. High thermal stress can lead to different expansion of the
heating elements. After the burn-in, the heating elements show the greatest shrinkage and
they can be retightened carefully (first, pull out the power plug, let the heating elements cool
down and then retighten the heating elements, if necessary).
Always make sure that the heating elements are resting in their designated grooves.
If
a part of a heating element protrudes from the groove or is about to fall out, which indicates
the approaching end of its service life, it can be pushed back into the groove (risk of
breakage!). The shrinkage is dependent on several factors, among others on the firing
frequency and the final temperature as well as firings with glaze.
