4.7.6 802.1X Port-Based Network Access Control
4.7.6.1 Theory
Understanding IEEE 802.1X Port-Based Authentication
The IEEE 802.1X standard defines a client-server-based access control and authentication protocol that restricts
unauthorized clients from connecting to a LAN through publicly accessible ports. The authentication server
authenticates each client connected to a switch port before making available any services offered by the switch or
the LAN.
Until the client is authenticated, 802.1X access control allows only Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN
(EAPOL) traffic through the port to which the client is connected. After authentication is successful, normal traffic
can pass through the port.
This section includes this conceptual information:
•
•
Authentication Initiation and Message Exchange
•
Ports in Authorized and Unauthorized States
Device Roles
With 802.1X port-based authentication, the devices in the network have specific roles as shown below.
z
Client
—the device (workstation) that requests access to the LAN and switch services and responds to
requests from the switch. The workstation must be running 802.1X-compliant client software such as that
offered in the Microsoft Windows XP operating system. (The client is the
supplicant
in the IEEE 802.1X
specification.)
