Pacemaker 23 CROWN GRAPHIC Скачать руководство пользователя

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Содержание 23 CROWN GRAPHIC

Страница 1: ...SPEED GRAPHIC AND CROWN GRAPHIC 45 34 23 INSTRUCTION AND REFERENCE MANUAL ...

Страница 2: ...xposure Stopping Motion Depth of Field Front Movements Lenses and Lensboards Coated Lenses Telephoto Lenses Long Bellows Extension Double Extension Close up Photography Wide Angle Lens Drop Bed Film and Plate Attachments Film Pack Adapter Sheet Film Holders Fitting Holders to the Camera Tripod Socket Closing the Camera Care and Servicing Handle Your Camera Carefully Emergency Attention Technical a...

Страница 3: ...ize to the best advantage all of the careful attention to design and construction which have gone into this camera In particular it would be well to pay close at tention to the proper use of the following new features 1 New simplified GRAFLEX Focal Plane Shutter on Speed GRAPHICS 2 New Body Release 3 New stainless steel front with provision for tilting lens on axis 4 New hinged infinity stops 5 Ne...

Страница 4: ... the making of fine portraits indoors and out The GRAPHICS will be found to be especially useful by the working photographer who must have at hand a versatile camera capable of performing many different as signments A few of the most important features built into these cameras include the wholly new simplified focal plane shutter in the Speed GRAPHIC cameras for high speed photography double exten...

Страница 5: ...e track itself The camera is then ready for focusing upon infinity or nearby distances by means of either of the two focusing knobs located on the right and left sides of the camera bed To close the camera FIRST rack the track all the way back into the camera body Then unlo ck the front standard by winging the finger pull forward Move the entire front standard back into the camera body as far as p...

Страница 6: ...The camera shown above is equipped with GRAPHEX X Shutter accessory rangefinder and Solenoid Release All opera tional features portrayed in this illustration e cepting the focal plane shuuer panel are the same in the new Pacemaker Crown GRAPHIC ...

Страница 7: ...accustomed manner of preparing the camera for picture making Of course if it is desired to be able to move the front standard out directly to what is known as the infinity position these infinity stops may be moved forward as desired This is best accomplished only by a competent camera serviceman with proper equipment for squaring the front standard relocating and relocking the infinity stops Focu...

Страница 8: ...n the camera new in finity stops and Vernier scales can be fitted to the camera bed However the proper scaling of a lens requires special equipment and it is best done only at one of the authorized GRAFLEX Service Departments At the right front corner of the camera bed will be found a track lock in the form of a lever on the larger GRAPHIC cameras Because of space limitations in the GRAPHIC 23 cam...

Страница 9: ...e will be critically sharp in the finished picture Ground Glass Focusing All GRAPHIC cameras are equipped with a ground glass focusing panel at the back of the camera In the GRAFLEX back this is in the form of a separate removable GRAFLEX focusing panel now supplied as a standard part of the camera In the GRAPHIC back this focusing panel will be found permanently attached by means of springs at th...

Страница 10: ...hed picture After ground glass focusing has been accomplished lock the sliding track with the track lock mentioned before Remember to close and cock the shutter which is to be used for the making of the picture before inserting the film attachment into the camera Viewfinders Composition of the subject matter may be accomplished by anyone of three different methods with the GRAPHIC cameras The grou...

Страница 11: ...bject is centered in the finder In order to utilize this feature fully be sure to line up the eye with the center of both the front and rear lenses of the viewfinder In order to properly define the limits of the field which the lens will include on the film the front of the finder may be fitted with masks of various sizes Figure 6 shows one of these masks partially inserted As indicated in the fol...

Страница 12: ... secti n of this finder Pull this section up as far as possible It will be noted that this finder is fitted with click stops in dicating parallax adjustment settings for six feet fifteen feet and infinity To adjust it correctly for parallax move the entire finder by pressing up or down on the lower cross member until the desired setting is attained as indicated by the markings on the sides of the ...

Страница 13: ...snap at the base of the handle It will then be possible to slip the entire clip off the lug at the bottom of the camera Holding The Camera The strap on the side of the camera housing opposite to that on which the focal plane shutter controls are located is designed for holding the outfit in use as well as for carrying it when not in its case Holding this in the left hand or slipping the hand under...

Страница 14: ...nst the release lever of the front shutter fitted to the camera In view of the fact that shutters of different size require different shutter release arms this should be noted when changing from one lens and shutter combina tion to another New lensboard kits m y be purchased from GRAFLEX dealers Each kit includes a precision cut lensboard for a specific lens and shutter the appropriate shutter rel...

Страница 15: ...g will produce the same exposure whether the focal plane or front shutter is used Many photographers prefer to use the front shutter throughout its entire range of speeds while others find it convenient to use the focal plane shutter for speeds of 1 foo and faster The new body release now makes it unnecessary to use a different method of operation for the front and back shutters so that it is a si...

Страница 16: ...ed control lever at the bottom of the shutter mechanism housing is of such a design that it insures smooth and even travel of the shutter curtain across the opening at the back of the camera The ac curacy of the shutter speeds thus produced is within the recommendations of the American Standards Association The controls for the focal plane shutter are located at the right side of the camera as it ...

Страница 17: ...he focal plane shutter it is advisable to allow the curtain to run down to the Open or fully c o ed position before putting the camera away Tim e Exposures The GRAFLEX focal plane sh ltter may be used for the making of Time exposures Move the speed control lever towards the ba ck of the camera to disengage the governor Wind or relea e the focal plane shutter until the letter T appears in the shutt...

Страница 18: ...all of the Pacemaker Speed GRAPHIC cameras incorporate built in flash synchronization at no additional charge The contact posts or outlets will be found at the left side of the shutter housing below the shutter winding key Since the focal plane shutter does not expose the entire negative area at the same instant but progressively as the opening in the shutter curtain passes down across the film it...

Страница 19: ...able They may be synchronized only at speeds of 1 1000 1 500 and 1 250 and other speeds are marked in red as a reminder that they are not to be used for flash synchronization All flash lamps as well as high speed units may used with the Time Exposure setting by the means of the built in contacts The curtain should be set for mak ing a Time exposure as previously outlined in this booklet and the la...

Страница 20: ... Time and Bul b as well as for instantaneous exposures To make a Time exposure set the shutter on T and cock it Press the release lever once to open the shutter and again to close it For a Bulb exposure set the shutter on B tnd cock The blades will remain open while pressnre is maintained on the release A cable release and a sturdy tripod should always be used for Time and Bulb as well as instanea...

Страница 21: ...t the use of an external tripper The built in gear train producing this syn chronization is controlled by a special dial setting arrangement extending downward from the lower portion of the shutter The control lever on this dial setting scale has click stops to permit accurate settings for synchroniza tion at the points indicated To be sure of cocking the synchronization mech anism make certain th...

Страница 22: ...d or relay When using one of these units connect its cord to the contact posts on the shutter set the synchronizer control lever at X on the dial and cock the shutter The tube will then flash in synchrop ization with the opening of the shutter as the Body Release or shutter release lever is operated in the normal manner When using the X setting of the shutter for high speed lamps be sure to follow...

Страница 23: ...maker GRAPH IC cameras since there is no interference between it and the Body Release The Flash Supermatic And Supermatic X Shutters The Supermatic Shutter is rimset with 9 speeds from 1 to 1 400 second plu Time and Bulb The larger No 3 Supermatic Shutter has 8 speeds from 1 to 1 200 seconds The speed scale is on the upper part of the face plate of the shutter and is divided into two sections each...

Страница 24: ...he right hand or slower speed scale After the shutter has been set for any speed and cocked this button may be pressed inward and held down as the shutter release lever is pressed This will cause the shutter blades to open and remain in this position permitting ground glass focu sing This action eliminates the necessity of resetting the shutter to Time and opening the shutler blades with the neces...

Страница 25: ...f a bat tery case In the GRAFLEX Flash Synchronizer battery case this outlet is reached by unscrewing and swinging down the red push button switch Loosen the adjustment screw and move the indicator to expose the letters oM or oF to correspond to the type of lamp being used and indicated in the aboye table Be sure to tighten the adjustment screw securely Set the aperture pointer adjust the shutter ...

Страница 26: ...these are connected to an internal switch intended to be used only with high speed gaseous discharge tubes which de not have a built in relay or solenoid When using o e of these units connect its cord to the posts on the shutter and cock the shutter The tube will then flash in synchronization with the opening of the shutter as the Body Release or shutter release lever is operated in the usual mann...

Страница 27: ...rds the shutter passes light for a shorter length of time A larger stop or opening up the lens means that the actual diameter of the aperture of the lens is increased and hence more light is passed by the lens in a given length of time The smaller numbers indicate larger aper tures fl8 being larger than 16 3 5 larger than 5 6 etc The relation between these combinations of aperture and shutter spee...

Страница 28: ...n sharp focus calling for smaller lens aper tures and sloi er speeds Of the two stopping motion is probably the more important since without it you may have a negative in which nothing is sharp suggestions regarding it will therefore be given next Finally we shall consider the factors which control just how much of the scene in addition to the object on which you actually focused will appear sharp...

Страница 29: ...ate ana have been rounded off to give numbers easy to multiply 4 and divide The need of greater accura cy is doubtful in view of the un certain speed of the object to be photographed The above table applies to a subject moving 10 miles per bour at right angles to tbe camera In all probability your subject will be doing sometbing different If so modify the shutter speed called for in the above tabl...

Страница 30: ... The field of sharp focus extends farther behind the object than in front This range of distan es within which all objects appear equally sharp is called the depth of field As in the case of stopping motion considered in the preceding paragraph our acceptance of sharpness will depend upon the nature of the print and how it is viewed and the sharpness to be demanded of a negative for making such pr...

Страница 31: ...int the camera upward and when something to one side attracts you you turn the camera in that direction If the subject such as a building happens to have a flat vertical surface the resulting negative is apt to show an unwanted converging of lines which you know are parallel rows of windows or the sides of the structure for example This is the phenomenon which makes some photographs of tall buildi...

Страница 32: ...he entire front frame may then be lifted vertically and held at any desired position by tightening the lock nuts The front standard may be shifted to either side parallel to the plane of t he film after releasing the front standard lock finger pull and depressing the lateral shift catch directl y below it A new movement built into the Pacemaker GRAPHIC cameras makes it possible to tilt the lens ba...

Страница 33: ...place Lenses and Lenshoards The Pacemaker GRAPHIC cameras are so designed that they will accept a wide variety of lenses either in barrel or in shutter Generally speaking wide angle and normal focal length lenses will be mounted in a shutter whereas telephoto lenses will he mounted in barreL The lens barrel or the shutter con tains a diaphragm and full information concerning the use of the diaphra...

Страница 34: ...he image of these objects will be smaller at a given distance with a wide angle lens than with a normal lens But there will be a wider field of view For a larger image of objects at a distance use a long focal length lens such as a telephoto lens These lenses require a bellows extension of only about one half their listed focal length so that lenses with a focal length of 10 inches may be used ver...

Страница 35: ...face grit and dust should first be removed with a soft camel s hair brush before the lens is cleaned with a fine lens tissue or a soft cloth such as a well laundered linen handkerchief Do not apply pressure on the cloth Simply breathe on the surface of the lens and wipe gently with easy circular motions If a lens cleaning fluid only those specifically recommended by lens ma ufacturers is to be use...

Страница 36: ...AFLEX dealer can arrange to have your camera fitted with focusing scales and infinity stops for telephoto lenses See figure 15 Long Bellows Extension When working with long focal length objectives or with the average lens at close distances it is sometimes desirable to extend the front standard beyond the point permitted by the pre set infinity stops and the available track ex tension If you wish ...

Страница 37: ...om the focal plane film position This will necessitate a change in the exposure since the f values engraved on the If ns are based on a relationship existing only when the lens is at the infinity posi tion For close up photography we recommend that your exposures be de termined in accordance with the following table The lens to film distance bellows draw can be determined approximately by measurin...

Страница 38: ... camera body To use the infinity stop for the wide angle lens move the front standard forward and rack the track out as far as it will go Then lift the hinged member of the infinity stop upward Then move the front standard back against it Be cause of the proximity of the bed brace it may be found more convenient to lift this upward by reaching between the bed brace and the body of the camera_ In o...

Страница 39: ...ON Before raising the bed of the camera by depressing the bed braces and allowing the bed to snap upward be sure that the sliding track is racked all of the way back Also be sure to swing the infinity stop downward before attempting to slide the front standard back into the camera body when closing the camera Film and Plate Attachments Film Pack Adapters Holders for sheet film cut film and plates ...

Страница 40: ... the outside tab bearing the number 0 must be withdrawn and torn from the pack Further instructions accompany each pack After the last tab number 12 has been pulled the expo ed film pack is somewhat self protected and may be removed from the Adapter Handle it only by its edges Re cover it with its foil wrapping and return it to the bo x Sheet Film Holders Loading or unloading a sheet film holder s...

Страница 41: ...ved To remove the holder insert the slide pull the holder slightly away from the back of the camera at the handle end and push the other end with the left hand It then comes out very easily GRAFLEX film and plate attachments are loaded in the same manner as the corresponding GRAPHIC accessories The GRAFLEX film magazine is supplied with its own special instruction booklet Like the GRAFLEX focusing...

Страница 42: ...ccepted as good practice but the use of household cleaning fluid should be avoided Never unscrew the lens elements from the shutter under normal conditions cl eaning of the inside surfaces will be unnecessary Shutters contain springs that regulate their speed and these should not be left in their stressed or cocked position over long periods of time The front shutter should always be released befo...

Страница 43: ...sary to make emergency ad justments in the field Should the front standard of the camera be bent out of line there will be found on the back of the front standard board two small cams These can be turned in such a way as to allow the front standard to be squared again by checking the image of some clearly defined target on the ground glass at the back of the camera Be sure that the target is perfe...

Страница 44: ...about any photographic problem which you may have When your questions relate to the actual making of pictures please be sure to send in your negatives and such exposure data as you may happen to have available The registration card packed with your camera when it left the factory should be filled out completely and returned to us promptly It furnishes us with information that facilitates answering...

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