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Emissivity

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8 Emissivity

8.1 Definition

The intensity of infrared radiation, which is emitted by each body, depends on the temperature as well as on
the radiation features of the surface material of the measuring object. The emissivity (ε – Epsilon) is used as
a material constant factor to describe the ability of the body to emit infrared energy. It can range between 0
and 100 %. A “blackbody” is the ideal radiation source with an emissivity of 1.0 whereas a mirror shows an
emissivity of 0.1.

Figure 41:

Composition of IR radiation

I

IR radiation

ε

Emission

ρ

Reflection

τ

Transmission

ε + ρ+ τ = 1

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Содержание 05M

Страница 1: ...Operator s Manual optris PI 400i 450i 450i G7 640i 640i G7 05M 08M 1M Infrared camera...

Страница 2: ...Optris GmbH Ferdinand Buisson Str 14 13127 Berlin Germany Tel 49 30 500 197 0 Fax 49 30 500 197 10 E mail info optris global Internet www optris global...

Страница 3: ...Table of contents 3 1 General Notes 7 1 1 Intended use 7 1 2 Warranty 8 1 3 Scope of delivery 9 1 4 Maintenance 9 1 4 1 Cleaning 9 1 5 Model overview 10 2 Technical Data 11 2 1 General specifications...

Страница 4: ...hanging the lens 36 3 3 Fixing the focus of the lens only for PI 05M 08M 1M 37 3 4 Mounting accessories optional 39 3 5 High temperature accessories 40 3 5 1 CoolingJacket Advanced 40 3 5 2 Laminar ai...

Страница 5: ...ng of the PI with a PLC 54 4 3 USB cable extension 56 5 IRmobile App 59 6 Software PIX Connect 61 6 1 Installation and initial start up 62 6 2 Software window 64 6 2 1 Basis features of the software P...

Страница 6: ...tals 80 Appendix B Table of emissivity for non metals 82 Appendix C Quick start for serial communication 83 Appendix D Interprocess Communication IPC 85 Appendix E PIX Connect Resource Translator 86 A...

Страница 7: ...er to do a comfortable detailed analysis with the software PIX Connect The PI is a precise instrument and contains an extremely sensitive infrared detector and a high quality lens The alignment of the...

Страница 8: ...After the warranty is expired the manufacturer guarantees additional 6 months warranty for all repaired or substituted product components Warranty does not apply to damages which result from misuse o...

Страница 9: ...s interface cable incl terminal block 1 m Software package PIX Connect Operators manual Aluminum case PI 450i 450i G7 640i 640i G7 only robust hard transport case IP67 1 4 Maintenance Never use cleani...

Страница 10: ...0 to 900 C 200 to 1500 C optional 8 14 m 32 Hz Pin sharp radiometric recordings in real time Detection of smallest temperature differences PI 640i G7 IR 200 to 1500 C 150 to 900 C 7 9 m 32 Hz Measurem...

Страница 11: ...uminum anodized Dimensions PI 400i PI 450i 450i G7 46 x 56 x 68 77 mm depending on lens and focus position PI 640i 640i G7 46 x 56 x 76 100 mm depending on lens and focus position PI 640i microscope o...

Страница 12: ...tandard 3 m 5 m 10 m 20 m Vibration1 IEC 60068 2 6 sinus shaped IEC 60068 2 64 broadband noise Shock1 IEC 60068 2 27 25 G and 50 G 1 Used standards for vibration and shock Figure 1 Used standards Stre...

Страница 13: ...tion 600 Shocks 100 Shocks each direction Shock half sinus 50 G testing Ea 50 G acc IEC 60068 2 27 Acceleration 490 m s2 50 G Pulse duration 11 ms Number of directions 6 3 axes with two directions eac...

Страница 14: ...60068 2 64 Frequency range 10 2000 Hz Acceleration 39 3 m s2 4 01 GRMS Frequency spectrum 10 106 Hz 0 9610 m s2 2 Hz 0 010 G2 Hz 106 150 Hz 6 dB Octave 150 500 Hz 1 9230 m s2 2 Hz 0 020 G2 Hz 500 2000...

Страница 15: ...PIF AI Input Standard Process Interface PIF in 0 10 V Emissivity ambient temperature reference temperature uncommitted value flag control triggered snapshots triggered recording triggered linescanner...

Страница 16: ...K Thermal sensitivity NETD 75 mK5 with 29 53 and 80 0 1 K5 with 18 40 mK5 with 29 53 and 80 60 mK5 with 18 150 mK Tobj 650 C with 29 53 80 175 mK Tobj 650 C with 18 Warm up time 10 min Emissivity 0 1...

Страница 17: ...cy 3 2 C or 2 Temperature coefficient 4 0 05 K Thermal sensitivity NETD 40 mK with 33 60 and 90 60 mK with 15 80 mK with 12 80 mK Tobj 650 C with 33 60 90 120 mK Tobj 650 C with 15 Warm up time 10 min...

Страница 18: ...3 x 10 FOV 764x480 px 26 x 16 F number 1 4 39 x 25 F number 1 4 FOV 382x288 px 13 x 10 20 x 15 FOV 764x480 px 9 x 5 F number 2 8 13 x 8 F number 2 4 26 x16 F number 1 4 39 x 25 F number 1 4 FOV 382x28...

Страница 19: ...obile 1 75 C start temperature for optics with focal length f 50 mm f 75 mm 2 An additionally purchased lens for the PI 05M 08M 1M camera comes with the corresponding protective tube 3 At an ambient t...

Страница 20: ...cs Figure 2 The turning out of the optics leads to the focus setting near and the turning in of the lens to the focus setting infinity Figure 2 Focusing by turning the exterior lens ring of camera Fig...

Страница 21: ...e offer lenses for close standard distances and large distances Different parameters are important if using infrared cameras They display the connection between the distance of the measured object and...

Страница 22: ...t can be represented in the image This is described by the modulation transfer function MTF Since in contrast to visual cameras with IR cameras the thermal contrast is of more interest this is used to...

Страница 23: ...he following tables with examples showing what spot sizes and pixel sizes will be reached in which distance For individual configuration there are different lenses available Wide angle lenses have a r...

Страница 24: ...24 Table 2 Note The accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance...

Страница 25: ...Technical Data 25 Note The accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance...

Страница 26: ...26 Note The accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance...

Страница 27: ...Note The accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance 1 PI 05M is only available with OF25 optics and PI 08M is only available with OF1...

Страница 28: ...e accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance 1 PI 05M is only available with OF25 optics and PI 08M is only available with OF16 and O...

Страница 29: ...with two metric M4 thread holes on the bottom side 6 mm depth and can be installed either directly via these threads or with help of the tripod mount also on bottom side The tightening torque of the M...

Страница 30: ...30 Figure 5 PI 400i PI 450i PI 450i G7 dimensions mm...

Страница 31: ...Mechanical Installation 31 Figure 6 PI 640i PI 640i G7 optics 29 33 53 60 dimensions mm...

Страница 32: ...32 Figure 7 PI 640i PI 640i G7 optics 13 15 dimensions mm...

Страница 33: ...Mechanical Installation 33 Figure 8 PI 640i PI 640i G7 optics 80 90 dimensions mm...

Страница 34: ...34 Figure 9 PI 640i microscope optics 10 12 dimensions mm...

Страница 35: ...Mechanical Installation 35 Figure 10 PI 05M PI 08M PI 1M dimensions mm...

Страница 36: ...off see Figure 3 Figure 11 Change lens for PI 400i 450i 640i Figure 12 Change lens for PI 05M 08M 1M Figure 13 Inserting the lens To get the best possible measurements when inserting the lens into th...

Страница 37: ...s To do this unscrew the protective tube of the camera see Figure 3 There are three small holes on the lens Take the three screws that are included and attach them to the three holes The focus of the...

Страница 38: ...38 Figure 16 Focusing screws for focus ring...

Страница 39: ...al Installation 39 3 4 Mounting accessories optional Figure 17 Mounting base stainless steel adjustable in 2 axes Part No ACPIMB Figure 18 Protective housing stainless steel Incl Mounting base Part No...

Страница 40: ...Advanced is available as Standard Version and Extended Version The IR camera can be used at ambient temperature up to 50 C up to 70 C with PI 450i PI 450i G7 For higher temperatures up to 315 C the C...

Страница 41: ...Mechanical Installation 41 Standard Version Figure 19 CoolingJacket Advanced Part No ACPIxxxCJAS Standard Version Dimensions...

Страница 42: ...the USB Server Gigabit and industrial PIF Both PI Netbox and industrial PIF or USB Server Gigabit and industrial PIF can be integrated in the CoolingJacket Figure 20 Cooling Jacket Advanced Extended...

Страница 43: ...Mechanical Installation 43 Figure 22 CoolingJacket Advanced Part No ACPIxxxCJAE Extended Version Dimensions...

Страница 44: ...One for standard IR camera applications Part No ACCJAAPLS and the other for line scanning applications Part No ACCJAAPLL Those two versions are fitting to all focusing units with production date 01 2...

Страница 45: ...tdoor protective housing The outdoor protective housing can be used for any PI camera lenses up to 90 FOV In addition the industrial PIF can be installed as an accessory without housing Also available...

Страница 46: ...k side of the PI there are the two connector plugs The left plug is for the USB cable The right connector plug is only used for the process interface Figure 24 Backside of the camera with connectors 1...

Страница 47: ...ontrol the process The signal level is always 0 10 V DI 24 V The process interface can be activated choosing the following options Analog Input AI Emissivity ambient temperature reference temperature...

Страница 48: ...utputs Name Description max range1 status AI Analog input 0 10 V 2 DI Digital input active low 0 0 6 V 24 V AO Analog output Alarm output 0 10 V 0 10 V 1 Depending on supply voltage for 0 10 V on the...

Страница 49: ...Electrical Installation 49 4 1 1 PIN allocation Figure 26 Rear side of the camera USB PIF 1 VCC 1 INT 2 GND 2 SDA I C 3 SCL I C 4 D 4 DGND 5 D 5 3 3 V Out...

Страница 50: ...F cable in the menu Tools Configuration Device PIF in the PIX Connect software is necessary Figure 27 Support proprietary PIF cable Consider that the input of the PIF is not protected if there is a di...

Страница 51: ...PI and process is available connection box with IP65 5 m 10 m or 20 m standard or high temperature cable for camera connection terminal for process integration Appendix F Wiring diagrams PIF Pin assi...

Страница 52: ...reen LED on 0 30 V 400 mA 1 depending on supply voltage for 0 20 mA on the AO the PIF has to be powered with min 5V 1 5 working resistance 0 021 24 V Example RLoad 500 ohm Umin 1 5 500 0 021 12 V RLoa...

Страница 53: ...The time constant of the fail safe is 1 5 seconds Controlled conditions on camera and software Standard Process interface ACPIPIF Industrial Process interface ACPIPIFMACBxx Interruption USB cable to c...

Страница 54: ...toring of the PI with a PLC Figure 29 Fail Safe monitoring states Fail Safe monitoring states 1 Breakdown of PIF power supply 4 Malfunction of PI 2 Cable break of fail safe cable 5 Breakdown of PI pow...

Страница 55: ...oftware Figure 30 Fail Safe monitoring states Fail Safe monitoring states 1 Breakdown of PIF power supply 5 Malfunction of PI 2 Cable break of fail safe cable 6 Breakdown of PI power supply Interrupti...

Страница 56: ...cable extension The maximum USB cable length is 20 m For greater distances between PI and computer or for stand alone solutions the optional PI NetBox or the USB Server Gigabit is provided Figure 31 E...

Страница 57: ...Electrical Installation 57 Figure 32 Ethernet network communication with PI Netbox Figure 33 Stand Alone operation with PI Netbox...

Страница 58: ...58 Figure 34 USB Server Gigabit...

Страница 59: ...ection to the device Part No ACPIIACM micro USB or ACPIIACC USB C With IRmobile you can monitor and analyze your infrared temperature measurement directly on a connected smartphone or tablet All you n...

Страница 60: ...with automatic hot and coldspot search Changing the color palette scaling and temperature range Change of temperature unit Celsius or Fahrenheit Setting of temperature range scaling Manual Min Max 3 s...

Страница 61: ...c with at least 30 MByte of free space At least 128 MByte RAM A detailed description is provided in the software manual on the USB stick See also Help menu in the PIX Connect software Help Documentati...

Страница 62: ...finished The installation wizard places a launch icon on the desktop and in the start menu Start Programs Optris GmbH PIX Connect 3 To connect the camera to the PC plug the USB cable to the camera fir...

Страница 63: ...After the calibration files have been installed the live image from the camera is shown inside a window on your PC screen 6 Choose the desired language in the menu Tools Language 7 Adjust the focus o...

Страница 64: ...64 6 2 Software window Figure 36 Software window 1 2 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11...

Страница 65: ...rm settings Bar showing the defined temperature thresholds for low alarm value blue arrow and high alarm value red arrow The color of numbers within control displays changes to red when temp above the...

Страница 66: ...different windows Compatible with Windows 7 8 and 10 High level of individualization for customer specific display Various language option including a translation tool Temperature display in C or F D...

Страница 67: ...xtensive online and offline data analysis Analysis supported by measurement fields hot and cold spot searching image subtraction Real time temperature information within main window as digital or grap...

Страница 68: ...Ports and DLL Adjustment of thermal image via reference values Temperature data analysis and documentation Triggered data collection Radiometric video sequences ravi radiometric snapshots tiff Text f...

Страница 69: ...ation Searching for new optical material William Herschel by chance found the infrared radiation in 1800 Figure 37 William Herschel 1738 1822 He blackened the peak of a sensitive mercury thermometer T...

Страница 70: ...e length ranging between 1 m and 20 m The intensity of the emitted radiation depends on the material This material contingent constant is described with the help of the emissivity which is a known val...

Страница 71: ...earization signal processing The specifications of the lens decisively determine the optical path of the infrared thermometer which is characterized by the ratio Distance to Spot size The spectral fil...

Страница 72: ...ature measurements of moving or overheated objects and of objects in hazardous surroundings very fast response and exposure times measurement without inter reaction no influence on the measuring objec...

Страница 73: ...Basics of Infrared Thermometry 73 Figure 40 Non contact thermometry...

Страница 74: ...ing of electronic cabinets R D of electronics R D of electronic parts Process control extruding plastic parts Process control manufacturing solar modules Process control at calendering R D of mechanic...

Страница 75: ...material of the measuring object The emissivity Epsilon is used as a material constant factor to describe the ability of the body to emit infrared energy It can range between 0 and 100 A blackbody is...

Страница 76: ...al temperature assuming the measuring object is warmer than its surroundings A low emissivity reflective surfaces carries the risk of inaccurate measuring results by interfering infrared radiation emi...

Страница 77: ...sponds to the actual temperature If you monitor temperatures of up to 380 C you may place a special plastic sticker emissivity dots Part No ACLSED onto the measuring object which covers it completely...

Страница 78: ...the temperature of the colored surface Afterwards determine the temperature of a directly adjacent area and modify the emissivity until the measured value corresponds to the temperature of the colore...

Страница 79: ...rage values only The actual emissivity of a material depends on the following factors temperature measuring angle geometry of the surface thickness of the material constitution of the surface polished...

Страница 80: ...80 Appendix A Table of emissivity for metals...

Страница 81: ...Appendix A Table of emissivity for metals 81...

Страница 82: ...82 Appendix B Table of emissivity for non metals...

Страница 83: ...ommunicate via a serial COM Port interface This can be a physical COM Port or a virtual COM Port VCP It must be available on the computer where the PIX Connect software is installed Setup of the inter...

Страница 84: ...8N1 These parameters are used in many other communication devices too The other station must support 8 bit data 4 Connect the computer with the communication device If this is a computer too use a nu...

Страница 85: ...ect software Imager exe only A dynamic link library ImagerIPC2 dll provides the interprocess communication IPC for other attached processes The DLL can be dynamically linked into the secondary applica...

Страница 86: ...umentation on http msdn microsoft com en us goglobal bb688096 aspx If desired the localization process can be illustrated in detail Also the resizing of buttons or other visible resources and the supp...

Страница 87: ...grams PIF 87 Appendix F Wiring diagrams PIF Analog Output The maximum load impedance is 500 Ohm The analog output can be used as a digital output too The current value for no alarm and alarm on is set...

Страница 88: ...gital Input Figure 46 Digital input The digital input can be activated with a button to the PI GND Pin or with a low level CMOS TTL signal Low level 0 0 6 V High level 2 24 V Example Button Figure 47...

Страница 89: ...voltage range 0 10 V Figure 48 Analog input Relay output at industrial PIF Part No ACPIPIFMACBxx The analog output must be set to Alarm The range for AO1 AO3 can be set in the software no alarm 0 4 mA...

Страница 90: ...90 Figure 49 Relay output at industrial PIF...

Страница 91: ...Appendix G Declaration of Conformity 91 Appendix G Declaration of Conformity...

Страница 92: ...optris PI MA E2021 06 A...

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