Electrical Characteristics
(Continued)
V
+
= +5.0V, (Note 7), unless otherwise stated
Parameter
Conditions
LM124/LM224
LM324
LM2902
Units
Min
Typ
Max
Min
Typ
Max
Min
Typ
Max
T
A
= 25˚C
Amplifier-to-Amplifier
f = 1 kHz to 20 kHz, T
A
= 25˚C
−120
−120
−120
dB
Coupling (Note 11)
(Input Referred)
Output Current
Source
V
IN
+
= 1V, V
IN
−
= 0V,
20
40
20
40
20
40
V
+
= 15V, V
O
= 2V, T
A
= 25˚C
mA
Sink
V
IN
−
= 1V, V
IN
+
= 0V,
10
20
10
20
10
20
V
+
= 15V, V
O
= 2V, T
A
= 25˚C
V
IN
−
= 1V, V
IN
+
= 0V,
12
50
12
50
12
50
µA
V
+
= 15V, V
O
= 200 mV, T
A
= 25˚C
Short Circuit to Ground
(Note 5) V
+
= 15V, T
A
= 25˚C
40
60
40
60
40
60
mA
Input Offset Voltage
(Note 8)
7
9
10
mV
V
OS
Drift
R
S
= 0
Ω
7
7
7
µV/˚C
Input Offset Current
I
IN(+)
− I
IN(−)
, V
CM
= 0V
100
150
45
200
nA
I
OS
Drift
R
S
= 0
Ω
10
10
10
pA/˚C
Input Bias Current
I
IN(+)
or I
IN(−)
40
300
40
500
40
500
nA
Input Common-Mode
V
+
= +30V
0
V
+
−2
0
V
+
−2
0
V
+
−2
V
Voltage Range (Note 10)
(LM2902, V
+
= 26V)
Large Signal
V
+
= +15V (V
O
Swing = 1V to 11V)
Voltage Gain
R
L
≥
2 k
Ω
25
15
15
V/mV
Output Voltage
V
OH
V
+
= 30V
R
L
= 2 k
Ω
26
26
22
V
Swing
(LM2902, V
+
= 26V)
R
L
= 10 k
Ω
27
28
27
28
23
24
V
OL
V
+
= 5V, R
L
= 10 k
Ω
5
20
5
20
5
100
mV
Output Current
Source
V
O
= 2V
V
IN
+
= +1V,
10
20
10
20
10
20
V
IN
−
= 0V,
V
+
= 15V
mA
Sink
V
IN
−
= +1V,
5
8
5
8
5
8
V
IN
+
= 0V,
V
+
= 15V
Note 4:
For operating at high temperatures, the LM324/LM324A/LM2902 must be derated based on a +125˚C maximum junction temperature and a thermal resis-
tance of 88˚C/W which applies for the device soldered in a printed circuit board, operating in a still air ambient. The LM224/LM224A and LM124/LM124A can be de-
rated based on a +150˚C maximum junction temperature. The dissipation is the total of all four amplifiers — use external resistors, where possible, to allow the am-
plifier to saturate of to reduce the power which is dissipated in the integrated circuit.
Note 5:
Short circuits from the output to V
+
can cause excessive heating and eventual destruction. When considering short circuits to ground, the maximum output
current is approximately 40 mA independent of the magnitude of V
+
. At values of supply voltage in excess of +15V, continuous short-circuits can exceed the power
dissipation ratings and cause eventual destruction. Destructive dissipation can result from simultaneous shorts on all amplifiers.
Note 6:
This input current will only exist when the voltage at any of the input leads is driven negative. It is due to the collector-base junction of the input PNP tran-
sistors becoming forward biased and thereby acting as input diode clamps. In addition to this diode action, there is also lateral NPN parasitic transistor action on the
IC chip. This transistor action can cause the output voltages of the op amps to go to the V
+
voltage level (or to ground for a large overdrive) for the time duration that
an input is driven negative. This is not destructive and normal output states will re-establish when the input voltage, which was negative, again returns to a value
greater than −0.3V (at 25˚C).
These specifications are limited to −55˚C
≤
T
A
≤
+125˚C for the LM124/LM124A. With the LM224/LM224A, all temperature specifications are limited to −25˚C
+85˚C, the LM324/LM324A temperature specifications are limited to 0˚C
≤
T
A
≤
+70˚C, and the LM2902 specifications are limited to −40˚C
≤
T
A
≤
+85˚C.
from 5V to 30V; and over the full input common-mode range (0V to V
+
− 1.5V) for LM2902, V
+
from 5V to 26V.
The direction of the input current is out of the IC due to the PNP input stage. This current is essentially constant, independent of the state of the output so
no loading change exists on the input lines.
The input common-mode voltage of either input signal voltage should not be allowed to go negative by more than 0.3V (at 25˚C). The upper end of the
common-mode voltage range is V
− 1.5V (at 25˚C), but either or both inputs can go to +32V without damage (+26V for LM2902), independent of the magnitude of
Due to proximity of external components, insure that coupling is not originating via stray capacitance between these external parts. This typically can be
detected as this type of capacitance increases at higher frequencies.
Note 12:
Refer to RETS124AX for LM124A military specifications and refer to RETS124X for LM124 military specifications.
Note 13:
Human body model, 1.5 k
Ω
in series with 100 pF.
LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902
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