NXP Semiconductors
AN11740
PN5180 Antenna design
AN11740
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Application note
COMPANY PUBLIC
Rev. 1.1 — 19 June 2018
345311
12 of 62
The load modulation tests require
6. a calibrated ReferencePICC, which is placed at each of the given position (see Fig
7. a signal generator with a pattern generator, that provides the load modulation signal
as a response to the PCD test commands.
The response must be triggered by the PCD test command, i.e. the signal generator
needs a delayed trigger input either from the field or from the PCD itself. The voltage
level of the load modulation input signal for each test case must be set according to [6].
The PCD must be able to receive all the responses with the given minimum load
modulation signal level.
2.3 The NFC specifics
The standard NFC device needs to fulfill the reader mode (PCD), the passive target and
the passive initiator. The passive target from an antenna point of view is very similar to
the optional card mode (PICC).
2.3.1 NFC Operating volume
The NFC Forum specifies an operating volume as shown in Fig 8. All specified
parameters are tested at given test points within this volume. This is valid not only for
reader mode tests, but all tests.
(1) Details see NFC Analog Technical Specification, [4]
Fig 8.
NFC Forum operating volume
