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System Maintenance

8-1

Chapter 8

System Maintenance

The Model RT311 or RT314 Internet Access Gateway Router provides tools for maintenance and
diagnostics. These tools include displays of system status and connections, log and trace
capabilities, and upgrades to the system software. This chapter describes the use of these tools.

System Status

The System Maintenance Status Menu (Menu 24.1) allows the user to monitor the operation of the
router. This screen displays the current status of the two Ethernet ports and the number of packets
sent and received. The system software version is also displayed.

To access the System Maintenance Status Menu:

1.

Enter 24 from the Main Menu to display the System Maintenance menu (

Figure 8-1

).

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Содержание RT311

Страница 1: ...M RT311NA 2 June 2000 NETGEAR Inc 4401 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Phone 1 888 NETGEAR Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers...

Страница 2: ...uant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate rad...

Страница 3: ...er be subject to certain restrictions Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the...

Страница 4: ...iv...

Страница 5: ...t the Router 1 1 Features 1 1 Key Features 1 2 Autosensing 10 100 Ethernet 1 3 TCP IP 1 3 IP Address Masquerading by Dynamic NAT 1 3 Port Forwarding with NAT 1 3 Automatic Configuration of Attached PC...

Страница 6: ...tworking 3 1 Configuring Windows 95 or Windows 98 for IP Networking 3 2 Configuring TCP IP Properties 3 4 Verifying TCP IP Properties 3 5 Your Internet Account 3 5 Login Protocols 3 5 Account Informat...

Страница 7: ...3 Local Web and FTP Server Example 6 4 Local Game Host or Videoconference Example 6 5 Setting Static Routes 6 5 Static Route Example 6 8 Dynamic DNS 6 10 Chapter 7 Configuring Filters Router Filter St...

Страница 8: ...ACT LEDs Not On 9 2 Troubleshooting the ISP Connection 9 2 Troubleshooting a TCP IP Network Using a Ping Utility 9 4 Testing the LAN Path to Your Router 9 4 Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote D...

Страница 9: ...Contents ix IP Configuration by DHCP 10 10 Appendix A Technical Specifications General Specifications A 1 Glossary Index...

Страница 10: ...x Contents...

Страница 11: ...8 Figure 5 1 Start up Display 5 4 Figure 5 2 Manager Main Menu 5 5 Figure 5 3 Menu 1 General Setup 5 8 Figure 5 4 Menu 2 WAN Setup 5 9 Figure 5 5 Menu 3 LAN Setup 5 10 Figure 5 6 Menu 23 System Passwo...

Страница 12: ...xii Figures Figure 10 1 Three Main Address Classes 10 3 Figure 10 2 Example of Subnetting a Class B Address 10 5 Figure 10 3 Single IP Address Operation Using NAT 10 8...

Страница 13: ...mic DNS Configuration Fields 6 10 Table 7 1 Abbreviations Used in Menu 21 1 Filter Rules Summary 7 3 Table 7 2 Abbreviations Used if Filter Type Is IP 7 4 Table 7 3 Abbreviations Used if Filter Type I...

Страница 14: ...xiv Tables...

Страница 15: ...e PC Purpose This guide describes the features of the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers and provides installation and configuration instructions Audience To configure and install t...

Страница 16: ...press the Enter key When you read type type the text but do not press the Enter key When you read press press only the alphanumeric or named key When you read click click the left mouse button Note T...

Страница 17: ...ectory names Related Publications In this document you are directed to various RFC documents for further information An RFC is a Request For Comment RFC published by the Internet Engineering Task Forc...

Страница 18: ......

Страница 19: ...locations on the Internet the PCs send requests to the router The router translates those requests so that the requests appear to originate from a single PC rather than from a network of PCs The route...

Страница 20: ...rotocol Support IP routing Dynamic extended Network Address Translation NAT with port forwarding for operation with a single static or dynamic IP address Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP serve...

Страница 21: ...Model RT311 and RT314 routers support the Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP and Routing Information Protocol RIP For further information about TCP IP refer to Chapter 10 Networks...

Страница 22: ...to the Internet over an always on connection by simulating a dial up connection Security The Model RT311 and RT314 routers are equipped with several features designed to maintain security as described...

Страница 23: ...nal computer such as Windows Macintosh or Linux Manager Interface The Manager interface manages and configures the router through an easily understood screen process You can access this interface thro...

Страница 24: ...Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers 1 6 Introduction...

Страница 25: ...10 foot twisted pair Category 5 Cat 5 Ethernet cable straight through wiring white 10 foot twisted pair Category 5 Ethernet cable crossover wiring red RT311 only Model RT311 and RT314 Resource CD inc...

Страница 26: ...orkstation in the network must meet the following requirements An Ethernet Network Interface Card NIC is installed Workstations are connected by a hub or switch If all workstations on the network will...

Страница 27: ...el RT311 router Figure 2 1 and Model RT314 router Figure 2 2 contain status LEDs Key 1 PWR Power LED 2 TEST LED 3 LOCAL LAN LNK ACT Link Activity and 100M LEDs 4 INTERNET LNK ACT Link Activity LED Fig...

Страница 28: ...Ethernet port for connecting the router to a cable or DSL modem 5 RS 232 Manager port for connecting the router to the serial port of a PC Figure 2 3 RT311 Rear Panel Table 2 1 LED Descriptions Label...

Страница 29: ...the router Connect your cable or DSL modem to the INTERNET port of the router Connect the power adapter Connecting to your Local Ethernet Network Your local network will attach to the router port or p...

Страница 30: ...router incorporates a four port switch for connection to your local network To connect the Model RT314 router to your LAN Connect up to four PCs directly to any of the four LOCAL ports of the router...

Страница 31: ...r to the power adapter 1 Plug the connector of the power adapter into the 12 VDC adapter outlet on the rear panel of the router 2 Plug the other end of the adapter into a standard wall outlet 3 Verify...

Страница 32: ...alling and Connecting the Router If a LNK ACT LED is lit a link has been established to the connected device 4 If a LOCAL port is connected to a 100 Mbps device verify that the 100 LED is lit You are...

Страница 33: ...router each PC on your network must have TCP IP installed and selected as the networking protocol The required components are listed below for various operating systems Windows 95 Windows 98 and Wind...

Страница 34: ...55 255 255 0 Gateway address the router 192 168 0 1 DNS server the router 192 168 0 1 The router performs DNS Proxy These addresses are part of the IETF designated private address range for use in pri...

Страница 35: ...ed the adapter a Click on the Add button b Select Adapter and click on Add again c Select the manufacturer and model of your Ethernet adapter and click on OK If you need TCP IP a Click on the Add butt...

Страница 36: ...addresses you can configure your PCs by following these steps 1 Install TCP IP on each PC selecting DHCP for obtaining configuration settings 2 Physically connect the PCs and the router using a hub or...

Страница 37: ...t with an Internet service provider ISP for a single user Internet access account You can connect your multiuser network through a single user account by using the Network Address Translation NAT feat...

Страница 38: ...reconfiguring your PC for use with the router This procedure is described in a following section Obtaining Configuration Information After the ISP Configures Your PC If the ISP configured your Windows...

Страница 39: ...he Internet connection among several computers your router must be programmed with the TCP IP configuration information that would normally be used for that single workstation When the router s INTERN...

Страница 40: ...for access from the Internet Create additional static routes Create filters for incoming or outgoing data traffic The Manager interface is accessible through a serial or a Telnet connection For instr...

Страница 41: ...ace for Initial Router Configuration and Chapter 6 Using the Manager Interface to Configure the Router for Internet Access for instructions about using the Manager interface Configuring for Internet A...

Страница 42: ...s 4 2 Using Your Browser for Configuring the Router If your router password has been previously changed from the factory default of 1234 enter the current password 6 In the opening screen shown in Fig...

Страница 43: ...s Host Name and Domain Name as shown in Figure 4 2 below Figure 4 2 Browser based Setup Wizard first screen These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s services such as mail or news server...

Страница 44: ...and enter these additional parameters If your connection supports multiple ISPs enter the Service Name of the one you use Otherwise leave Service Name blank Enter the user name and password provided...

Страница 45: ...s your ISP has assigned a fixed permanent IP address for your use select Get automatically from ISP Otherwise enter your IP Address Subnet Mask and the IP Address of your ISP s gateway router b DNS Se...

Страница 46: ...d already appear If this is not the PC whose MAC address is to be used enter that PC s IP address Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface card in your PC when your ac...

Страница 47: ...the Main Menu of the browser interface click on Maintenance to view the System Status screen shown in Figure 4 5 Figure 4 5 Browser based configuration System Status screen This screen shows the follo...

Страница 48: ...ort of the router DHCP If set to None the router is configured to use a fixed IP address on the WAN If set to Client the router is configured to obtain an IP address dynamically from the ISP LAN Port...

Страница 49: ...on this port since reset or manual clear RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear Collisions The number of collisions on this port since reset or manual clear Tx...

Страница 50: ...Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers 4 10 Using Your Browser for Configuring the Router...

Страница 51: ...igned to the attached PCs After you have performed basic router configuration proceed to Chapter 6 Using the Manager Interface to Configure the Router for Internet Access and Chapter 7 Configuring Fil...

Страница 52: ...interface The default password is 1234 Connecting Through a Telnet Connection You can access the built in interface by a Telnet call from any TCP IP workstation on the LAN or the remote network In or...

Страница 53: ...iguration the router allows only one terminal connection at any time The router also gives priority to the RS 232 connection over Telnet If you have already connected to the router through Telnet you...

Страница 54: ...initialized at this time During the initialization the start up display is transmitted over the serial Manager port as illustrated in Figure 5 1 Note that this display is only visible from a serial co...

Страница 55: ...ccessed the Manager the router automatically logs you out and displays a blank screen if there is no activity for longer than 5 minutes If you see a blank screen while connected by serial port press E...

Страница 56: ...quires you to enter the appropriate information The second gives you options to choose from When choosing options press the space bar to toggle through the available options Required fields Some of th...

Страница 57: ...ually configure static routes The router supports eight static routes 15 SUA Server Setup Configure forwarding of specific incoming service requests to local hosts 21 Filter Set Configuration Set up f...

Страница 58: ...11 If your ISP has assigned a host name for your PC the System Name in some cases must be set to the host name The System Name can include up to 30 alphanumeric characters Spaces are not allowed but d...

Страница 59: ...e MAC Address is the 48 bit Ethernet address of the router s INTERNET port Assigned By Set to Factory default to use the router s internal globally unique MAC address Set to IP address attached on LAN...

Страница 60: ...etup Menu 3 2 TCP IP and DHCP Setup Refer to the following sections for descriptions of these submenus Refer to Table 5 1 on page 5 6 for information about navigating through the menus LAN Port Filter...

Страница 61: ...IP addresses starting with IP Addresses and the Internet on page 10 2 and IP Configuration by DHCP on page 10 10 for an explanation of DHCP and information about how to assign IP addresses for your n...

Страница 62: ...al addresses available for assignment to attached hosts The maximum is 32 Primary DNS Server If you want the router to provide the Primary DNS Server address to attached hosts enter the DNS address in...

Страница 63: ...dcasts by other routers into its routing table If set to In Only the router broadcasts its routing table on the LAN If set to Out Only the router broadcasts its routing table but it ignores any RIP br...

Страница 64: ...system password again for confirmation and press Enter You must enter this new password when you want to access the Manager through the serial port or by a Telnet connection If you lose or forget the...

Страница 65: ...onfiguration Internet Access Configuration You can configure the router for basic access to your Internet service provider ISP using Manager Menu 4 Internet Access Setup The configuration information...

Страница 66: ...will not be necessary to run the dialer on your attached PCs a If your connection supports multiple ISPs enter the Service Name of the one you use Otherwise leave Service Name blank b Enter your accou...

Страница 67: ...o Confirm prompt to confirm your selections You can press Esc at any time to cancel your selections When you save this menu the router automatically creates a default static route to the ISP Configura...

Страница 68: ...re forwarded Menu 15 SUA Server Setup is shown in Figure 6 2 Figure 6 2 Menu 15 SUA Server Setup Local Web and FTP Server Example If a local PC with a private address of 192 168 0 3 acts as a Web and...

Страница 69: ...is example Attempts by local PCs to access the server using the external IP address 172 16 1 23 in this example will fail Local Game Host or Videoconference Example Some online games and videoconferen...

Страница 70: ...route is the default route through the INTERNET interface enif1 All traffic from the LAN to a destination outside the LAN will be sent to the default route and will be handled by the ISP 5 After viewi...

Страница 71: ...stination Routing is always based on network number If you need to specify a route to a single host use a subnet mask of 255 255 255 255 in the subnet mask field to force the network number to be iden...

Страница 72: ...attempt to access a device on the 134 177 0 0 network your router will forward your request to the ISP The ISP forwards your request to the company where you are employed and the request will likely b...

Страница 73: ...177 x x addresses The Gateway IP Address fields specifies that all traffic for these addresses should be forwarded to the ISDN router at 192 168 0 10 A Metric value of either 1 or 2 will work Private...

Страница 74: ...escription Service Provider Select whether your dynamic DNS service will be provided by DynDNS org or DDNS org Active Use this field to activate or deactivate dynamic DNS registration Host Enter the s...

Страница 75: ...ed location in the packet In the configuration of IP filters it is necessary to specify ports and protocols by their assigned numbers instead of names A comprehensive list of protocol and port numbers...

Страница 76: ...hoose from 12 filter sets 2 Select the filter that you want to configure or choose an unused set to create a new filter In order to distinguish between the 12 filter sets each filter set should have a...

Страница 77: ...u 21 1 Filter Rules Summary Table 7 1 Abbreviations Used in Menu 21 1 Filter Rules Summary Abbreviation Description Refers to the filter rule number 1 6 A Refers to Active Y means the filter rule is a...

Страница 78: ...d press Enter to display Menu 21 1 1 TCP IP Filter Rule Figure 7 3 m Refers to Action Matched F means to forward the packet D means to drop the packet and N means to check the next rule n Refers to Ac...

Страница 79: ...IP Filter Rule Filter 1 1 Filter Type TCP IP Filter Rule Active Yes IP Protocol 17 IP Source Route No Destination IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Port Comp None Source IP Addr 0 0 0 0 IP Mask...

Страница 80: ...under the Filter Type field and then pressing Enter to display the menu for the filter rule you want to enter TCP IP Filter Rule This section provides information about how to configure a TCP IP filt...

Страница 81: ...er to Chapter 1 Introduction for more information Port Enter the destination port of the packets that you want to filter The range of this field is 0 to 65535 Port Comp Select the comparison quantifie...

Страница 82: ...More is Yes then Action Matched and Action Not Matched is N A Log Determine if you want to log the results of packets attempting to pass the filter rule These results are displayed on the System Log...

Страница 83: ...the packet that the router should use for comparison and masking The starting point of this data is determined by Offset The range for this field is 0 to 8 Default 0 Mask Specify in hexadecimal forma...

Страница 84: ...rather than terminate In the example above you may need to modify Sets 1 and 3 so that they continue to Set 10 On the last rule of a standalone filter set you normally set Action if Matched and Actio...

Страница 85: ...WAN Port Filter as an Output Filter set Filter 2 NetBIOS_LAN The NetBIOS_LAN filter is an IP protocol filter used to block NetBIOS name service requests from a local PC to the DNS server of the ISP Th...

Страница 86: ...Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers 7 12 Configuring Filters...

Страница 87: ...the system software This chapter describes the use of these tools System Status The System Maintenance Status Menu Menu 24 1 allows the user to monitor the operation of the router This screen displays...

Страница 88: ...5 Backup Configuration 6 Restore Configuration 7 Firmware Update 8 Command Interpreter Mode 9 Call Control Enter Menu Selection Number Menu 24 1 System Maintenance Status Port Status TxPkts RxPkts Col...

Страница 89: ...ed on this port since reset or manual clear RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear Cols The number of collisions on this port since reset or manual clear Tx B s...

Страница 90: ...leshoot any errors that may occur The router can also generate system logs syslogs to send to other machines Enter 24 to display Menu 24 System Maintenance Enter 3 to select the Log and Trace option a...

Страница 91: ...tivity that you would like to log You can enable the router to send the following types of syslog messages Call detail record CDR Packet trigger Table 8 4 System Maintenance Syslog and Accounting Fiel...

Страница 92: ...e for example local6 var log rt311 log 2 In the syslogd startup script add the r option to enable logging from a remote host Diagnostic Menu The diagnostic menu allows you to Ping another location fro...

Страница 93: ...c test pings a local or remote host You are prompted for the IP address of the host WAN DHCP Release Enter 2 Release the DHCP assigned parameters received from the ISP WAN DHCP Renew Enter 3 Issue a n...

Страница 94: ...m or over the LAN using the Telnet protocol and a third party FTP program The procedures are described in the following sections Backing Up and Restoring the Configuration with a Serial Connection You...

Страница 95: ...re sending a configuration file to the router first rename it to rom 0 2 Establish an FTP connection to the LAN IP address of the router No login name is necessary The password is the current Manager...

Страница 96: ...Using FTP You can update the router software over the LAN using an FTP client program Windows includes an FTP client program that can be accessed using the Start button and Run menu Other FTP client p...

Страница 97: ...and interpreter mode Select option 8 from Menu 24 Maintenance to enter the command interpreter mode This mode allows you to diagnose test and configure your router using a script or specified set of c...

Страница 98: ...Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers 8 12 System Maintenance...

Страница 99: ...the Local and Internet Ethernet connections are correctly made to operational devices each LNK ACT LED should be on If a Local Ethernet port is connected to a device that operates at 100 Mbps the 100...

Страница 100: ...at the router and at the hub or workstation Make sure that power is turned on to the connected hub or workstation Be sure you are using the correct cable If you are connecting a Model RT311 router di...

Страница 101: ...nable to obtain an ISP address from the ISP the problem may be one of the following Your ISP may require a login program Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or a RoadRunner login...

Страница 102: ...bleshooting a TCP IP Network Using a Ping Utility Most TCP IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device The device then responds wi...

Страница 103: ...he instructions in LNK ACT LEDs Not On on page 9 2 Check that the corresponding Link LEDs are on for your network interface card and for the hub ports if any that are connected to your workstation and...

Страница 104: ...verify the WAN status If the menu indicates the WAN status as down check that your cable or DSL modem is connected and functioning Check the error log in Menu 24 3 1 for any indication of problems If...

Страница 105: ...uploading the utility file romfile0 311 which can be found in the directory in which FirstGear was installed This file is also available on the NETGEAR Web site This procedure restores the Manager pa...

Страница 106: ...at can be accessed using the Start button and Run menu Other FTP client programs are available through many software retailers and shareware sites To back up or restore the configuration 1 Rename romf...

Страница 107: ...ly the data traffic meant for the Internet The function of selecting and forwarding this data is performed by a router What is a Router A router is a device that forwards traffic between networks base...

Страница 108: ...rovider ISP The Internet Protocol IP uses a 32 bit address structure The address is usually written in dot notation also called dotted decimal notation in which each group of eight bits is written in...

Страница 109: ...number and a 16 bit node number Class B addresses are in this range 128 1 x x to 191 254 x x Class C addresses can have 254 hosts on a network Class C addresses use 24 bits for the network address and...

Страница 110: ...ectively For example the address 192 168 170 237 is a Class C IP address whose network portion is the upper 24 bits When ANDed with the Class C netmask as shown here only the network portion of the ad...

Страница 111: ...to extending the number of addresses available subnet addressing provides other benefits Subnet addressing allows a network manager to construct an address scheme for the network by using different s...

Страница 112: ...bnet mask 255 255 255 0 into 16 subnets 4 bits the new subnet mask becomes 255 255 255 240 Table 10 2 displays several common netmask values in both the dotted decimal and the masklength formats Table...

Страница 113: ...255 192 168 0 0 192 168 255 255 NETGEAR recommends that you choose your private network number from this range The DHCP server of the Model RT311 and RT314 routers is preconfigured to automatically a...

Страница 114: ...lustrates a single IP address operation Figure 10 3 Single IP Address Operation Using NAT This scheme offers the additional benefit of firewall like protection because the internal LAN addresses are n...

Страница 115: ...RP request All other stations discard the request The station with the correct IP address responds with its own MAC address directly to the sending device The receiving station provides the transmitti...

Страница 116: ...the network can obtain this configuration information automatically A device on the network may act as a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server The DHCP server stores a list or pool of IP add...

Страница 117: ...ccess Gateway Routers General Specifications Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility Data and Routing Protocols TCP IP RIP 1 RIP 2 DHCP PPP over Ethernet PPPoE Power Adapter North America 120V 60...

Страница 118: ...by 7 1 by 1 4 in Weight 1 1 kg 2 5 lb Environmental Specifications Operating temperature 0 to 40 C Operating humidity 90 maximum relative humidity noncondensing Electromagnetic Emissions Meets requir...

Страница 119: ...c an organization formed for this purpose Usually written in dotted decimal notation with periods separating the bytes for example 134 177 244 57 IPX See Internet Packet Exchange ISP Internet service...

Страница 120: ...28 bit mask starting from the MSB can be shown as 255 255 255 192 or as 28 appended to the IP address Network Address Translator or Translation A proposal for IP address reuse where the local IP addr...

Страница 121: ...ters Glossary 3 unnumbered links A method of connecting two LANs by way of a WAN where the two WAN end points do not have their own IP addresses WAN See wide area network wide area network A long dist...

Страница 122: ...Reference Guide for the Model RT311 and RT314 Internet Access Gateway Routers 4 Glossary...

Страница 123: ...d TCP IP Filter Rule menu 7 7 Destination IP Address field Edit IP Static Route menu 6 7 DHCP 1 4 10 10 DHCP Setup field Ethernet Setup menu 4 7 5 12 DNS Proxy 1 4 5 12 DNS server 3 6 domain name 3 7...

Страница 124: ...ress 5 9 9 6 MAC address 10 9 Manager interface commands 5 6 menus 5 6 troubleshooting 9 6 using for configuring 1 2 3 7 Manager interface menus Diagnostic 8 6 8 7 Edit IP Static Route 6 7 Filter Rule...

Страница 125: ...epts 10 1 Routing Information Protocol 1 3 10 2 S security 1 2 1 4 5 13 serial cable 2 7 serial port connecting to 5 2 single user account configuring for 6 3 software updating 8 9 Source field TCP IP...

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