Chapter 4
MAINTENANCE
4-5
Coolant
Recommended Coolant
Water used in the engine cooling system must be soft water. The water quality must meet the following
requirements.
Water quality should meet with recommended limit, however, within limit is acceptable.
Note: Figures in parentheses are the standard value. In addition to the items specified above, turbidity is spec-
ified to be below 15 mg/liter.
Long Life Coolant (LLC)
Should LLC be accidentally swallowed, induce vomiting immediately and seek medical attention.
If LLC should enter eyes, flush immediately with plenty of water and seek medical attention.
Be sure to use long life coolant (LLC) as coolant, because it prevents not only freezing of coolant but also
rusting of the cooling system.
Use an all-season, non-amine type LLC.
Table 4-3 Water quality standards
Item
Chemical
symbol
Unit
Recommended
Limit
Main adverse effect
Corrosion
and rust
Scale
formation
pH (25
°
C [77
°
F])
-
-
6.5 to 8.5
6.5 to 8.5
O
O
Electrical conductiv-
ity (25
°
C [77
°
F])
-
/cm
<250
<400
O
O
Total hardness
CaCO
3
ppm
< 95
< 100
-
O
M alkalinity
CaCO
3
ppm
< 70
< 150
-
O
Chlorine ion
Cl
ppm
< 100
< 100
O
-
Sulfuric acid ion
SO
2
4-
ppm
< 50
< 100
O
-
Total iron
Fe
ppm
< 1.0
< 1.0
-
O
Silica
SiO
2
ppm
-
< 50
-
O
Residue from evap-
oration
-
ppm
< 250
< 400
-
O
µ
