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Audio Formats

DMAN supports recording and playback in many audio formats.
When selecting an audio format, you are usually trading off
sound quality versus the amount of disk space the recorded
audio will consume. In general, sound quality increases as the
Sample Rate increases, as the number of bits used increases, as
stereo is used instead of mono, and when the audio is not
compressed (i.e., its format is PCM not ADPCM or A-Law).
Sample Rate is the parameter most directly related to frequency
response and should be chosen carefully (unless you have
unlimited disk space available!). Choose a sample rate that is at
least twice the frequency (this is called the Nyquist value) of the
highest audio frequencies you want to record. For example, if
your source material has a frequency range of 30 Hz to 10 kHz,
you can record at a sample rate of 22 kHz. Increasing to 44.1 kHz
is unlikely to improve the audio quality and it will take twice as
much disk space to store the file. Below is a table of commonly
used audio formats and the applications they are best suited for.

Hard-Disk Space Requirements for Typical Audio Formats

Format

Channels

Sample

Rate

Bits

Disk Space
per Minute

Typical Use

PCM

Stereo

48 kHz

16

11 MB

High-fidelity music -
Pro quality

PCM

Stereo

44.1 kHz

16

10 MB

High-fidelity music -
CD quality

PCM

Mono

44.1 kHz

16

5 MB

High-fidelity music -
Mono CD quality

ADPCM

Stereo

44.1 kHz

4

2.5 MB

Music

ADPCM

Stereo

11 kHz

4

660 KB

Voice (mono is
recommended)

ADPCM

Mono

11 kHz

4

330 KB

Voice

Disk Space Requirements for Typical Recording Formats

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Содержание Dman PCI

Страница 1: ...1x Driver Control Panel 19 Audio Setup for Non PnP Computers 19 Audio Setup for Computers with PnP 20 MIDI MPU401 Setup 21 Windows 3 1x Utility Applications 22 Audio Input Control Panel 22 Audio Mixer Control Panel 24 The Audio Transport 26 Defining a New Audio File 28 The User defined Audio Transport Button 29 Sound Check Application 30 Windows 95 Software 31 Driver Installation 31 Windows 95 Con...

Страница 2: ...with 3rd Party Applications 41 Audio Formats 42 Troubleshooting 43 DOS Troubleshooting 45 Windows 3 1x Troubleshooting 47 Windows 95 Troubleshooting 49 Appendix Technical Specs 51 Limited Lifetime Warranty 52 ...

Страница 3: ...f and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures 1 reorient or relocate the receiving antenna 2 increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver 3 connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that of the receiver 4 consult the dealer or an experienced audio television technician NOTE Connecting this device...

Страница 4: ...ion and features of the card it can save a lot of time and frustration We know that you re eager to get started recording so we ll try and cover the important stuff first What s in the Box Your DMAN box contains Instruction Manual DMAN Adapter Card MIDI Interface Cable 2 Disks for Windows 3 1x installation 1 Disk for Windows 95 installation Midiman Warranty Registration Card IMPORTANT It s very im...

Страница 5: ...ader for an optional wavetable synthesis daughterboard The DMAN features 16 bit stereo sampling at various frequencies from 5 53 to 48 kHz full duplex digital audio 64 times oversampled D A and A D converters and an onboard analog mixer The DMAN uses the world s first Plug and Play chip set for digital audio and includes a subset of the Windows Sound System 2 0 architecture Also the Windows 95 dri...

Страница 6: ...sion and de compression analog audio mixing microphone and line level input line level output and a high throughput system interface Digital Audio Features of DMAN 16 or 8 bit stereo digital audio recording and playback Selectable sampling rates from 5 3 kHz to 48 kHz Interrupt and DMA driven simultaneous recording and playback Dynamic range exceeding 80 dB with digital interpolation filter and dy...

Страница 7: ...ers can find the ISA configuration process unreliable and frustrating Microsoft estimates that nearly half of its technical support calls relate to this type of hardware installation problem As next generation expansion cards are introduced including multi function versions with wavetable music synthesis hi fidelity audio MPEG audio video FAX modem capabilities more systems resources than ever bef...

Страница 8: ...cience class sound is composed of waves of changing pressure level and frequency pitch Analog recording captures these waves in their entirety and records them as variations in magnetic flux tape or variations in depth good old fashioned vinyl On playback analog recording adds noise to the recorded sound at relatively high levels tape has background hiss vinyl has surface noise it therefore causes...

Страница 9: ... the mix hardly ever works anyway Know your signal chain Some programs set the levels internally others use the Windows level controls Make sure you know which is which If you are not getting the levels you expect retrace your signal chain and make sure that you are adjusting levels in the correct places Plan ahead Think about tracking ahead of time and decide in what order you are going to record...

Страница 10: ...of an instrument amplifier or a CD player 3 Mic Input An unbalanced mono 1 8 jack The microphone input feeds a preamp with 18 dB signal boost allowing for better dynamic range with microphones having low gain 4 Line Output A stereo line headphone level 1 8 jack which provides a maximum output voltage of 2 volts rms Normally this jack would be connected to an external amplifier and speakers self po...

Страница 11: ...11 DMAN Block Diagram ...

Страница 12: ...the metal bracket that covers the access hole on the back of the computer This bracket is usually fastened to the computer with a single screw 6 Position the DMAN card over the target ISA slot and fit the card loosely over it with the DMAN card upright Press the card gently but firmly downward into the slot until the card is completely and squarely seated in the slot If the card seems difficult to...

Страница 13: ...rnal MIDI this step is not necessary 4 Attach any MIDI devices you have by connecting the MIDI Out of your controller keyboard to the MIDI In of the DMAN and MIDI Out connector of the DMAN to the MIDI In on your keyboard or tone module If you don t plan on using external MIDI this step is not necessary 5 Move your computer back to its original position You may now turn on your computer DMAN DMAN T...

Страница 14: ...e 4 Gently pull the DMAN straight out of the slot If it is a tight fit once again use a slight rocking motion 5 With DMAN in front of you remove the daughterboard from its anti static bag and carefully align the header socket on the daughterboard with the header pins on DMAN Make sure that the daughterboard is properly oriented so it is inboard to the DMAN card If any part of the daughterboard ext...

Страница 15: ...guration To install the Windows 3 1x drivers Windows 3 1x utilities and DOS utilities please follow these steps 1 Insert the Windows 3 1x installation Disk 1 into drive A or B 2 From within the Windows Program Manager select the Run option from the File pull down menu 3 When prompted type the drive directory and name of the installation program to be run for example 4 Press the ENTER key or click ...

Страница 16: ...y File installation will continue until the Setup program is ready to do its hardware configuration 8 If your system does not have a PnP BIOS you will be required to set the DMAN Windows driver parameters manually Otherwise if your system does have a PnP BIOS skip this step IMPORTANT Most sound card installation problems result from attempting to use system resources address locations IRQs and DMA...

Страница 17: ...ring playback through the WSS D A converter In order to use the full duplex mode of operation simultaneous playback record this DMA channel must differ from the WSS DMA capture channel Changing this setting will also change the related DOS WSS setting WSS DMA Capture This is the DMA channel used during capture recording through the WSS A D converter In order to use the full duplex mode of operatio...

Страница 18: ...DOS applications only 9 Setup creates a new Program Manager Group Midiman Audio which includes applications for controlling the DMAN input and output audio mixes recording playing DMAN inputs outputs and testing the card s WAV file output 10 In the background Setup modifies your AUTOEXEC BAT and CONFIG SYS files It inserts the board initialization utility CS4232C EXE in CONFIG SYS and also adds a ...

Страница 19: ...al Audio Mixer Driver handles the digital audio recording and playback as well as the on board audio mixer The DMAN MPU 401 controls the MIDI port MPU401 UART mode compatible A typical Drivers dialog is pictured below Windows 3 1x Drivers Applet Audio Setup for Non PnP Computers If your computer has no PnP capability or PnP is disabled you may modify the Windows 3 1x audio driver settings through ...

Страница 20: ... base address of the WSS controller basically the controller for the D A and A D converters Changing this Windows WSS setting will also change the related DOS WSS setting DMA Channel These are the DMA channels used for playback and capture of digital audio In half duplex mode these channels will be the same For full and enhanced duplex modes these must be set to different values IRQ This is the pl...

Страница 21: ... see the Audio Setup for Non PnP Computers section MIDI MPU401 Setup You may modify the Windows 3 1x MIDI driver settings through the Drivers Applet First you must select the driver to set up by highlighting the DMAN MPU 401 entry then press the Setup button The driver setup dialog below will pop up Windows 3 1x MPU401 Driver Setup You now have the option of modifying the following resource settin...

Страница 22: ...ns through which you control sound within your system The Audio Input Control Panel The Audio Mixer Control Panel The Audio Transport The Sound Check Application Audio Input Control Panel The Audio Input control panel lets you control the source amplitude and quality of sound coming into your system Clicking on the Audio Input icon nested in the Midiman Audio group will present you with the Audio ...

Страница 23: ...the meter is selected Input Selector By clicking on any one of the four diamonds below the Input Selector lets you select the source of the input signal to be controlled this selects the recording capture source Only one source may be selected at a time The four selections are Synth Selects the wavetable synthesizer as the input source to the A D if the optional wavetable synthesizer is installed ...

Страница 24: ...ol Panel The Audio Mixer control panel gives you control of the amplitude and quality of the sound leaving your system Clicking on the Audio Mixer icon nested in the Midiman Audio group will present you with the Audio Mixer control panel shown below Buttons and control features of the Audio Mixer Control Panel About The About button brings up a dialog window describing this version of the audio mi...

Страница 25: ...ing from an optional wavetable synthesizer daughterboard When the Gang box is checked both left and right channels are adjusted in tandem When it is unchecked the left and right channels may be independently adjusted When the Mute box is checked the wavetable synthesizer is muted NOTE The inside of the computer is a very noisy place and noise from other computer components may leak into any audio ...

Страница 26: ...rt control panel The left side buttons of the Audio Transport Control Panel are Open File Selects a file to play or opens a new audio file for recording It displays a Windows file open dialog box Access Audio Inputs Opens the Audio Input Control panel Clipboard Copies the current file to the Windows clipboard from which the audio file can be placed into other applications User defined Goes to the ...

Страница 27: ... reaches the end of the file or until you stop the fast forward End Goes to the end of the selected audio file The display areas of the Audio Transport are shown below Audio Transport Displays Their meanings are as follows clockwise from upper right File Format Information Displays the file audio format including sample rate encoding stereo mono number of bits and total length in time for the sele...

Страница 28: ...lity recordings require more disk space lower quality recordings require less disk space If you are recording voice input a lower quality recording generally plays back with acceptable quality If you are recording high fidelity input and desire the highest quality recording select the highest quality recording attributes that your disk storage space can support With experience you will learn what ...

Страница 29: ...lthough only a marginal amount better than using a 44 1 kHz sample rate Bits Determines the resolution of the data The higher the resolution the better the sound quality Select 16 bit for higher quality recording Recording in 8 bit format can sometimes cause distortion or a hissing sound during playback The Dither option in the Audio Input Control panel may help reduce distortion caused by 8 bit r...

Страница 30: ...te to start up when you select the user defined button APPLETS UserAppPath C Windows UserApp write exe Another good use of the button would be to run a WAV file editor Sound Check Application The Sound Check application verifies proper operation of digital audio playback When executed the application displays the following panel and plays back a short digital audio music bite The test audio should...

Страница 31: ...the documentation for your previous soundcard and remove all related driver software from the system prior to installing your new hardware 2 After installation of the DMAN hardware boot your system and start Windows 95 During the Windows 95 boot procedure new hardware DMAN will be automatically detected as shown here Windows 95 New Hardware Detection 3 Click OK to install the DMAN driver software ...

Страница 32: ...remove the floppy disk from drive A and respond yes The system will restart and your DMAN is ready for play 7 If PnP is enabled and installation completes without any conflicts the DMAN is ready for immediate use Windows 95 Driver Configuration Windows 95 displays the DMAN driver status in the Device Manager page of the System Properties dialog box The Systems Properties dialog is opened via the W...

Страница 33: ...ust the resource settings of the non PnP device first Windows 95 is only aware of the resource settings of the installed PnP devices and has no information available to it for adjusting the PnP devices around the non PnP devices The exception to this is when a non PnP device has a true Windows 95 driver written for it in that case Windows 95 is aware of the non PnP device s resource requirements W...

Страница 34: ...Properties dialog box will then pop up as shown below WSS Audio Mixer Properties Dialog Box In this case the Playback mixer has been selected by default when entering this window The lower part of the window lists the devices that may be displayed controlled by the playback mixer If you do not want one or more of the devices to show up in the mixer window uncheck the box for that specific device B...

Страница 35: ...ne input at a time may be selected for recording by checking the Select box below the desired device Here the Line input has been chosen as the input device WSS Audio Input Mixer The Mix Out input is a special input to the recording device it is used to record the combination of sounds present at the DMAN Main Out The relative mixes of the devices to be recorded is determined by the WSS playback m...

Страница 36: ...one does have a 20 dB gain boost block that may be enabled or disabled via this dialog box Advanced Controls for Mic Windows Sound Recorder Windows 95 provides a mechanism for audio playback and recording using the Windows sound recorder Select Start Programs Accessories Multimedia Sound Recorder to bring up the sound recorder make sure you select the input recording device from the Wave Input con...

Страница 37: ...37 Win 95 Sound Recorder Applet Additional features from the pull down menus include volume and speed adjustment echo and reverse effects and audio file insertion mixing and sound quality conversion ...

Страница 38: ...art of the DMAN Windows 3 1x or Windows 95 installation the diagnostic program CS32DIAG EXE is installed on your hard disk This program runs a series of tests that you can use to verify proper DMAN operation Once at the DOS prompt take the following steps to run the DOS diagnostics program 1 From the native DOS prompt change to the subdirectory containing CS32DIAG EXE on your hard drive by using t...

Страница 39: ... you encounter any problems while running diagnostics or during normal DOS operations at a later date refer to the DOS Troubleshooting section DMAN DOS Mixer Utility As part of the DMAN Windows 3 1x or Windows 95 installation the DOS sound mixer program CS32MIX EXE is installed on your hard disk This program is a DOS graphical interface and command line mixer utility that controls the same feature...

Страница 40: ...he default system startup values Settings are retained until the next time you change and save the settings For temporary changes the OK button will retain current changes for the duration of the current Windows session To use the DOS Mixer in command line mode enter CS32MIX followed by one or more command line flags Typing CS32MIX at the DOS prompt followed by the Enter key will display the comma...

Страница 41: ...full and half duplex settings For example you often select the sampling rate 22 kHz 44 1 kHz and even 48 kHz on some products and format 16 bit stereo 8 bit mono etc directly from within that application However you usually select the recording source Mic Line In Synth In Mix In from the mixer application supplied with Windows 95 or the input mixer application we install in Windows 3 1 In addition...

Страница 42: ...of the highest audio frequencies you want to record For example if your source material has a frequency range of 30 Hz to 10 kHz you can record at a sample rate of 22 kHz Increasing to 44 1 kHz is unlikely to improve the audio quality and it will take twice as much disk space to store the file Below is a table of commonly used audio formats and the applications they are best suited for Hard Disk S...

Страница 43: ...nvironment When you experience problems that indicate a resource conflict you can compare the IRQ and DMA channels shown in the tables below with your current parameters as listed in the Configuration screen Typical IRQ Assignments Interrupt IBM PC Assigns This Interrupt To IRQ2 9 Available IRQ3 COM2 Second Serial Port IRQ4 COM1 First Serial Port IRQ5 LPT2 Second Parallel Printer Port usually avai...

Страница 44: ...ine In Mic In and Aux In Check the DMAN configuration address IRQ and DMA channel s against those of the other devices on your computer If necessary change the settings for the one or more of the devices Problem Cannot Play Cannot Capture Digital Audio Possible Cause DMA Channel conflict Check that no other devices in your system are attempting to use the same DMA channel s as DMAN Change DMA chan...

Страница 45: ...to the changed settings IMPORTANT The CS4232 INI file only affects non PnP systems Systems with PnP ignore the CS4232 INI file and automatically configure the devices in the system to what it believes are available addresses IRQs and DMA channels In this PnP case you will have better luck modifying the settings of the non PnP older ISA cards devices to not clash with the DMAN settings The followin...

Страница 46: ...ct If the CODEC test fails you may have a DMA capture or playback channel conflict Change the DMA Capture or Playback Channel settings in the CS4232 INI file which are specified in the WssDmaCapture and WssDmaPlay lines of the PNP section Possible settings are 0 1 and 3 Set both to the same value for half duplex operation and to different values for full duplex MPU401 Port Address If the MPU401 te...

Страница 47: ...ssible Cause 1 The Windows MIDI Mapper is not configured to drive the DMAN MIDI MPU401 port Open the Windows Control Panel then open the MIDI Mapper Select the setup named DMAN MIDI Port Possible Cause 2 The DMAN MIDI driver is not properly installed The MIDI Mapper icon does not appear in the Windows Control Panel then the DMAN MIDI driver is probably not installed at all Install reinstall all DM...

Страница 48: ...s not properly installed Install reinstall all DMAN audio drivers see Windows 3 1x Software section Possible Cause 3 You have not selected the DMAN MIDI driver from your application Many 3rd party applications require you to select a specific MIDI driver because there can be more than one in an advanced system for use with the application Select the driver named Midiman DMAN MPU401 as your MIDI dr...

Страница 49: ...in half duplex mode instead of full duplex This reduces the DMAN DMA channel requirements from two channels to one Also the MPU401 device IRQ may be disabled In this case you will lose your ability to receive MIDI input but you may still use the MIDI output for playback In 2 above you will need to do some detective work to find out where the conflicts are taking place then modify the driver settin...

Страница 50: ...e not selected the DMAN MIDI driver from your application Many 3rd party applications require you to select a specific MIDI driver because there can be more than one in an advanced system for use with the application Select the driver named Midiman DMAN MPU401 as your MIDI driver The manner in which this selection is made is dependent on the application each one is a little different Problem I m g...

Страница 51: ...ma Line Input Level Impedance 2 V rms max 10k ohms Aux Input Level Impedance 2 V rms max 10k ohms External Audio Outputs Output Type Combined line headphone out Output Level Line output headphone 1 5 V rms Load Impedance Line output 32 ohms Frequency Response 20 Hz 20 kHz 3 dB Dynamic Range 80 dB typical 85 dB Signal to Noise Ratio SNR Line output 80 dB Total Harmonic Distortion THD Line output 0 ...

Страница 52: ...he product requires repair because of user misuse or regular wear it will assess a fair repair or replacement fee The customer will have the option to pay this fee and have the unit repaired and returned or not pay this fee and have the unit returned unrepaired The remedy for breach of this limited warranty shall not include any other damages MIDIMAN will not be liable for consequential special in...

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