LEGO Architecture Robie House, Инструкция по сборке, Страница: 12 / 196

Unfortunately, the Robie family’s tenure in their new home was short-lived.
As a result of financial problems caused by the death of his father and the
deterioration of his marriage, Robie was forced to sell the house after living
in it for only 14 months.
Robie sold the house and the majority of the custom-designed furnishings to David
Lee Taylor in December 1911. Taylor, president of a Chicago-based advertising
agency, bought the house as a Christmas present for his wife, Ellen, and their
six sons. His Christmas card read: “To Momma/Our $50,000 house/Pop.”
Misfortune continued to follow the residents of Robie ™ House, and in October
1912, Taylor died suddenly and by November, his widow, Ellen Taylor, had
already sold the house to Marshall Dodge Wilber and his wife, Isadora. They,
along with their two daughters Marcia and Jeanette, moved into the house
on December 3, 1912. The Wilbers were the last family to live in Robie House,
residing there for 14 years.
In January 1926, the Wilbers sold the Robie
™
House to the Chicago Theological
Seminary. The seminary used the house as a dormitory and dining hall for
married students, although it was primarily interested in the site for purposes
of future expansion.
In 1941, a graduate student at the Illinois Institute of Technology accidentally
discovered that the Seminary was moving ahead with a plan to demolish
Robie
™
House to erect a new, larger dormitory on the site, and he informed his
instructors, including Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. The threat of demolition aroused
a storm of protest. A letter-writing campaign to save the house was organized,
and Wright himself wrote a letter calling the house “a source of world-wide
architectural inspiration.” Although the Seminary’s plans were subsequently
postponed, the crisis was averted more by the onset of World War II than by
a change of view by the property’s owner.
A more serious threat to the existence of the Robie
™
House arose 16 years
later. On March 1, 1957, the Seminary again announced plans to demolish Robie
House on September 15 in order to begin the construction of a dormitory for its
students. This time, an international outcry arose, and Wright himself, then 89
years old, returned to the Robie House accompanied by the media, students
and neighborhood organizers to protest against the intended demolition.
Commenting on the threatened demolition, Wright quipped, “It all goes to show
the danger of entrusting anything spiritual to the clergy.”
The threat of demolition was only averted when William Zeckendorf, a friend
of Wright and president of a New York-based development firm, bought the
house from the Chicago Theological Seminary in August 1958. He donated the
house to the University of Chicago in 1963. For the next 34 years, the University
used Robie
™
House as offices: first to house the Adlai E. Stevenson Institute of
International Affairs and later as the headquarters for the University’s Alumni
Association.
In January 1997 the University handed over the running of the house to the
Frank Lloyd Wright Preservation Trust. Beginning in March 2002, the Preservation
Trust began a historic multi-year restoration of the Robie
™
House, with the
aim of returning the building to its original condition when completed in 1910.
It is difficult, if not impossible, to discuss modern American or international
architecture without mentioning the significance of Robie
™
House. Amongst
all the plaudits the house has received, two special distinctions stand out.
In April 1957, it was the first building to be declared a Chicago Landmark by
the newly-formed Commission on Chicago Architectural Landmarks. And in
November 1963, it was certified a United States Registered National Historic
Landmark. The first national landmark in the city of Chicago, and the first to
be selected solely on the basis of its architectural merit.
The architectural significance of the Robie ™ House was probably best stated
in a farsighted article in House and Home magazine from 1957: “Above all else,
Robie
™
House is a magnificent work of art. But, in addition, the house introduced
so many concepts in planning and construction that its full influence cannot
be measured accurately for many years to come. Without this house, much of
modern architecture as we know it today, might not exist.”
Frederick C. Robie was never in doubt about what he had helped to create.
Long retired and living in an apartment in Cleveland, he looked fondly back
to happier times and called the house named after him “the most ideal place
in the world.”
From 1910 to today
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