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The White House is a grand mansion in the neoclassical
Federal style, with details that echo classical Greek
Ionic architecture. James Hoban’s original design was
modeled after the Leinster House in Dublin, Ireland and
did not include the north and south porticos.
Federal style architecture is the name for the
classicizing architecture built in the United States
between c. 1780 and 1830, and particularly from 1785 to
1815. This style shares its name with its era, the Federal
Period. In the early Republic, the founding generation
consciously chose to associate the nation with the
ancient democracies of Greece and the republican
values of Rome. Grecian aspirations informed the Greek
Revival, lasting into the 1850s. Using Roman architectural
vocabulary, the Federal style applied to the balanced
and symmetrical version of Georgian architecture that
had been practiced in the American colonies new motifs
of neoclassical architecture as it was epitomized in
Britain by Robert Adam, who published his designs in
1792. The classicizing manner of constructions and town
planning undertaken by the federal government was
expressed in federal projects of lighthouses and harbor
buildings, hospitals and in the rationalizing urbanistic
layout of L’Enfant’s Washington, D.C. and in New York the
Commissioners’ Plan of 1811.
American federal architecture differs from preceding
Georgian colonial interpretations in its use of plainer
surfaces with attenuated detail, usually isolated in panels,
tablets and friezes.
Federal style
Sailors’ Snug Harbor, Minard Lafever.
Wikimedia Commons
Tennessee State Capitol, William
Strickland. Wikimedia Commons
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