Label Italy Circular Скачать руководство пользователя страница 2

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L A B E L   I T A L Y     S R L

  -   V i a   S .   A l l e n d e ,   5 9   –   4 1 1 2 2   M O D E N A

 

T E L :   0 5 9 / 3 6 2 9 9 3         F A X :   0 5 9 / 3 7 6 0 5 6

 

P . I V A   0 2 5 7 8 7 5 0 3 6 2           C a p i t a l e   S o c i a l e   3 2 . 5 0 0   E u r o      

w e b   - w w w . l a b e l i t a l y . c o m         e - m a i l   -   i n f o @ l a b e l i t a l y . c o m

 

 

WARRANTY

 

Label  Italy  Srl  warrants  each  new  product  manufactured  to  be  free  from  defects  in  material  and 
workmanship and agrees to remedy any such defect, or to furnish a new part, in exchange for any 
part  of  any  unit  which  under  normal  installation,  use,  and  service  discloses  such  defect  within  1 
year  from  the  date  of  purchase  by  original  owner.    This  warranty  does  not  extend  to  any  of  our 
products  which  have  been  subjected  to  misuse  neglect,  accident,  incorrect  wiring,  improper 
installation  or  to  use  in  violation  of  instruction  furnished  by  us.  Nor  does  it  extend  to  units  which 
have been repaired or altered outside of our factory nor to accessories used therewith not of our 
own  manufacture.  Label  Italy  reserves  the  right  to  make  any  changes  deemed  necessary    or 
desirable without advance notice incurring any obligation to make like changes in units previously 
manufactured or sold. This warranty does not cover transportation or installation cost that may be 
incurred.  Label  Italy’s  sole  liability  is  the  remedy  of  any  defect  for  1  year.  Label  Italy  is  not 
responsible for personal injury or property damage resulting from improper or careless installation 
or usage not intended by the manufacturer.  No person is authorized to assume for us any other 
liability  in  connection  with  the  sale  of  our  product.    You  must  furnish  model  code,  serial  number, 
date, place and proof of purchase. Such as a copy of the sales receipt to establish warranty. Your 
letter  should  include  all  pertinent  details  along  with  part  or  item  serial  number  involved.    Do  not 
return anything until requested to do so.  

 
WARNING 

When energized by an RF transmitter, this antenna system will present a high intensity R.F. field.  
Care  should  be  taken  not  to  touch  the  antenna  system  when  energized  unless  performing  touch 
test under factory supervision. It is not advisable to remain near the antenna  for extended periods 
of time while the antenna system is energized. All the maintenance or repairs should be done with  
the transmitter switched off . If the antenna is not pressurized, condensation can occur inside the 
antenna harness resulting in possible failure of the antenna. 

 
LIGHTNINGS - ORIGINS AND PROTECTION CRITERIA

 

The  violent  and  timely  atmospheric  perturbations,  in  which  electrical  phenomena  are  involved, 
such  a  lighting  strokes,  have  an  important  influence  on  the  choice  of  the  site  in  which  the 
transmitting station will be created. In the low part of the clouds, there is an important quantity of 
negative  loads,  while  in  the  upper  part  there  is  the  same  quantity  of  positive  loads.  When  the 
ionization  of  the  surrounding  air  reaches  some  critical  values  in  the  low  part  of  the  cloud,  a 
discharge towards the earth is developed, and determines an elevating counter-discharge that will 
intercept the descending discharge. The ground draining of the electrical loads enable the passage 
of a current pulse that goes from a value of a few KA to several thousands of KA with an intense 
electrical  field  that  reaches  300.000  Volt/m:  such  a  passage  represents  the  visible  part  of  the 
lightning  stroke,  which  can  be  one  Km  long  if  the  discharge  happens  between  the  cloud  and  the 
earth. On very high structures, especially if they are situated in dominating positions such as radio 
and  television  transmitting  installations,  during  the  storm  perturbations  some  over-tensions  that 
create real elevating discharges can be observed.   
One must keep  in mind  that  during  the  discharge  phenomenon there  can  be  some  clouds  which 
are electrically loaded and which have not already found their discharge channel ; these positions 
consist of materials that are good electric conductors and that because of its nature the lightning 
stroke chooses the way that presents the lowest electrical resistance.  
One  realizes  the  importance  and  delicateness  of  the  problem  and  the  resolution  of  the  lightning 
themselves. The lightings phenomenon depends much on probability, and as a consequence, one 
can never have the absolute and guaranteed certainty to be protected.  One should not protect all 
the positions without any discrimination, but protect the positions that could be touched more easily 
in reason of the geographical characteristics of the terrain. 
 

Содержание Circular

Страница 1: ...u r o web www labelitaly com e mail info labelitaly com GENERAL RULES FM BROADBAND ANTENNAS Dipole Yagi Panel Circular VHF UHF SHF ANTENNAS Corner Yagi Parabols from 200 Mhz to 2 5 Ghz FM STAR TYPE COMBINERS FM DOUBLE BRIDGE COMBINERS COAXIAL CAVITIES AND NOTCH POWER SPLITTERS HYBRID COUPLERS DIRECTIONAL COUPLERS CABLES CONNECTORS AND ADAPTERS INSTALLATION ACCESSORIES ...

Страница 2: ...s of time while the antenna system is energized All the maintenance or repairs should be done with the transmitter switched off If the antenna is not pressurized condensation can occur inside the antenna harness resulting in possible failure of the antenna LIGHTNINGS ORIGINS AND PROTECTION CRITERIA The violent and timely atmospheric perturbations in which electrical phenomena are involved such a l...

Страница 3: ... dispersor can be either vertical pickets or horizontal rings or nets depending on the resistivity of the terrain Finally it will be necessary to link the metallic fence to the general grounding system while the distance between such fence and the dispersors of the system shall not exceed 5 meters One should remember that in order to have a more efficient shielding the screens of the cables and th...

Страница 4: ...ependent upon the direction of rotation as seen from the transmitter Another form of polarisation is known as elliptical polarisation It occurs when there is a mix of linear and circular polarisation However it is possible for linearly polarised antennas to receive circularly polarised signals and vice versa The strength will be equal whether the linearly polarised antenna is mounted vertically ho...

Страница 5: ... terms of its radiated power however the antenna performs in an exactly equivalent manner for reception having identical figures and specifications In order to visualize the way in which an antenna radiates a diagram known as a polar diagram is used This is normally a two dimensional plot around an antenna showing the intensity of the radiation at each point for a particular plane Normally the sca...

Страница 6: ...an isotropic source is sometimes used In this case the gain may be specified in dBi i e gain in decibels over an isotropic source The main drawback with using an isotropic source antenna dBi as a reference is that it is not possible to realize them in practice and so that figures using it can only be theoretical However it is possible to relate the two gains as a dipole has a gain of 2 1 dB over a...

Страница 7: ...the back lobe tilt up In almost all practical cases antennas are only tilted down Occasionally the mechanical and electrical tilt will be used together for odd situations in order to create greater beam tilt in one direction than the other mainly to accommodate unusual terrain Along with null fill beam tilt is the essential parameter controlling the focus of radio communications and together they ...

Страница 8: ...or using RF equipment it can sometimes be useful to convert between return loss VSWR and voltage reflection coefficient Return Loss dB is defined as a ratio of the incoming signal to the same reflected signal as it enters a component The Return Loss RL may also be explained as the difference between the power of a transmitted signal and the power of the signal reflections caused by variations in l...

Страница 9: ... often do not know the actual mismatch The forward power measurement is required to calculate the VSWR or Return Loss number This can be necessary because some transmitters have an output stage protection circuit which reduces power under highly VSWR conditions Network Analyzer Spectrum Analyzer with Tracking Generator These devices do not rely upon the site s transmitter as a signal source They c...

Страница 10: ...re Periodic inspection of these openings is the responsibility of the owner They must remain clear of debris to preclude corrosion from internal condensation Such damage can drastically affect performance and is not covered by warranty Is the antenna intermittent It is a good idea to shake the antenna during the above tests to ensure there are no mechanical intermittents Poor connections may lead ...

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