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Operation

18

Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual

Biasing Thermistors

Maximum Input 

The model 478A/431 and 478A/432 combinations respond to the average RF 

power applied. The maximum signal applied to the thermistor mount should not 

exceed the limitations for 
– average  power
– pulse energy 
– peak pulse power
Excessive input can permanently damage the model 478A by altering the match 

between RF and compensation thermistors (resulting in excessive drift or zero 

shift) or cause error in indicated power.

Average Power

The 478A/431 and 478A/432 combinations can measure average power up to 10 

mW. To measure power in excess of 10 mW, insert a calibrated directional coupler 

such as one of the Keysight Technologies model 770 series or 790 series between 

the mount and the source. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES APPLY MORE THAN 30 

mW AVERAGE POWER TO THE MOUNT.

CAUTION

M

echanical Shock:

 

Do not drop or subject to severe mechanical shock. Shock 

may destroy the match between thermistors and increase susceptibility to drift.

CAUTION

Before connecting the model 487A to the 431 or 432 power meters, set the 

MOUNT RES switch to 200 W position. CONNECTING A 200 W MOUNT TO A 

POWER METER SET FOR A 100 W MOUNT CAN RESULT IN THERMISTOR 

DAMAGE.

Содержание 478A

Страница 1: ...Keysight 478A Thermistor Mount Operating and Service Manual...

Страница 2: ...rights customarily provided to the public to use modify reproduce release per form display or disclose commercial computer software or commercial com puter software documentation No additional governm...

Страница 3: ...vice facility designated by Keysight Technologies Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Keysight Technologies and Keysight Technologies shall pay shipping charges duties and taxes for products return...

Страница 4: ...ign manufacture and intended use of the instrument Keysight Technologies assumes no liability for the customer s failure to comply with these requirements CAUTION This product is designed for use in I...

Страница 5: ...ring and Control Instrument product The affixed product label is as shown below Do not dispose in domestic household waste To return this unwanted instrument contact your nearest Keysight Service Cent...

Страница 6: ...6 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 7: ...ntroduction 15 Instruments Covered by Manual 15 Incoming Inspection 15 2 Operation Biasing Thermistors 18 Maximum Input 18 Average Power 18 Pulse Energy and Peak Power for 478A 432 Combination 19 Puls...

Страница 8: ...acteristics 4 Maintenance Mechanical Shock 34 Check on Thermistor Match 34 Repair 36 Thermistor Assembly Replacement Procedure 39 Removal Procedure 41 Installation Procedure 42 Recalibration 43 A Appe...

Страница 9: ...478A Thermistor Resistance Match 35 Figure 4 3 Thermistor Compensation 37 Figure 4 4 Model 478A Thermistor Mount Assembly 41 Figure 4 5 Keysight Model 478A Printed Circuit Assy Wiring 42 Figure A 1 Sc...

Страница 10: ...10 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual Figure A 8 Model 478A Thermistor Mount Assembly P O Change B 53 Figure A 9 Keysight Model 478A Printed Circuit Assembly Wiring P O Change B 54...

Страница 11: ...8A Operating and Service Manual 11 List of Tables Table 2 1 Methods of Switching Off RF Output of Various Keysight Signal Generators 22 Table 4 1 Replaceable Parts 39 Table A 1 Manual Changes by Seria...

Страница 12: ...12 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 13: ...Keysight 478A Thermistor Mount Operating and Service Manual 13 1 General Information Introduction 15...

Страница 14: ...1 General Information 14 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual Figure 1 1 Keysight Model 478A Thermistor Mount...

Страница 15: ...lished by mounting the leads of all four thermistors on a common thermal conductor to ensure a common thermal environment This conductor is thermally insulated from the main body of the mount so the t...

Страница 16: ...1 General Information 16 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 17: ...Keysight 478A Thermistor Mount Operating and Service Manual 17 2 Operation Biasing Thermistors 18...

Страница 18: ...e Power The 478A 431 and 478A 432 combinations can measure average power up to 10 mW To measure power in excess of 10 mW insert a calibrated directional coupler such as one of the Keysight Technologie...

Страница 19: ...watts For example a 40 mW 250 s pulse contains 10 W s of energy Pulses longer than 250 s are allowed to contain more energy but peak power must not exceed 200 W Figure 2 1 and Figure 2 2 interpret th...

Страница 20: ...1 and Figure 2 2 Square wave modulation is a special case of pulse modulation and maximum power meter reading versus square wave frequency is illustrated in Figure 2 3 This figure also holds for sine...

Страница 21: ...ipated in the thermistor mount PIN diode modulators of Keysight model 8741A 8716A modulators and 8614A 8616A signal generators however are not subject to this consideration because output filtering pr...

Страница 22: ...sight signal generators are listed in Table 2 1 After allowing time for the mount to stabilize thoroughly follow zero set procedures in the 431 or 432 power meter manual and then turn on the RF source...

Страница 23: ...e reading When the reading no longer drifts disconnect the mount from the source terminate the mount if necessary as described in Thermistor Mount Disconnected for Zero Set on page 23 and then the zer...

Страница 24: ...Disconnected for Zero Set on page 23 from the source For example if the impedance presented by the RF system to 10 kHz is low 1 k or less terminate the thermistor mount in a 50 resistor or a short On...

Страница 25: ...en it is inconvenient to turn the RF power off while using the 478A 432 combination simply remove the mount from the source and using the COARSE and FINE ZERO zero the 432 Figure 2 5 Schematic Diagram...

Страница 26: ...creates a DC voltage Thus two thermocouple voltages of opposite relative polarity are formed one at each junction to each thermistor element Ideally each thermocouple voltage would be equal in magnit...

Страница 27: ...Calculate and record substituted power as P1 5 Reverse connection polarity between the calibrator and power meter 6 Re zero and re null power meter if necessary 7 By DC substitution duplicate lower m...

Страница 28: ...s in temperature and thus minimize drift During 431 478A operation sufficient amounts of DC and 10 kHz bias currents are supplied from the 431 power meter to heat the thermistors until their resistanc...

Страница 29: ...ly the total amounts of heat applied to reduce their series resistance equally must be equal 432 Power Detection Under normal operation the total power applied to heat thermistor pair D see Figure 4 1...

Страница 30: ...2 Operation 30 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 31: ...t Operating and Service Manual 31 3 Specifications and Characteristics For the specifications and characteristics of the 478A Thermistor Mount refer to the datasheet at http literature cdn keysight co...

Страница 32: ...3 Specifications and Characteristics 32 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 33: ...Keysight 478A Thermistor Mount Operating and Service Manual 33 4 Maintenance Mechanical Shock 34...

Страница 34: ...e thermistor mount pins are shown in Figure 4 1 Note that the small battery in series with the Keysight model 3440 digital voltmeter is connected in opposition to the power supply The value of this bu...

Страница 35: ...nance 4 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual 35 Figure 4 2 Check on Model 478A Thermistor Resistance Match WARNING Under no conditions should the mount be required to carry a current higher than...

Страница 36: ...h is known to be good A faulty cable will not have continuity through the respective connector pins or may have poor contact in the mount connector Poor contact will show as an intermittancy or a grea...

Страница 37: ...ure between 1000 and 5000 An open or shorted reading indicates the need for replacement of the thermistors If the resistance reading is satisfactory it may be possible to recompensate the mount and re...

Страница 38: ...o with each adjusting screw 5 Replace cover and three screws A The instrument is now operative MOUNT RES 200 W MOWER ON CAUTION If there is a sudden jump in meter indication when advancing either scre...

Страница 39: ...placement Procedure The procedure consists of removing the damaged thermistor assembly the printed circuit assembly and replacing them with pretested assemblies included in Thermistor Assembly Replace...

Страница 40: ...nd should be 1 5 or less The following special tools may be required for the completion of this procedure One small screwdriver 0 070 tip suitable for removing a 00 90 x 1 8 screw One pair of tweezers...

Страница 41: ...ree wires between the printed circuit assembly and the receptacle connector from the printed circuit assembly 4 In early thermistor assemblies there is a 00 90 x 1 8 screw used to connect the RF Therm...

Страница 42: ...nect the three wires from receptacle connector to printed circuit assembly Figure 4 5 Keysight Model 478A Printed Circuit Assy Wiring 2 Install the three insulator bushings in the thermistor assembly...

Страница 43: ...5 The adjustment is made with the 5 16 23 setscrew which is secured by a locknut The setscrew should not be moved unless SWR is being calibrated Efficiency may be checked by comparing to a known good...

Страница 44: ...4 Maintenance 44 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 45: ...Keysight 478A Thermistor Mount Operating and Service Manual 45 A Appendix A Introduction 46 Manual Changes 47...

Страница 46: ...o Table A 1 Make all of the manual changes listed opposite your instrument s serial number The manual changes should be performed in the sequence shown in the table For example Change B should be done...

Страница 47: ...al Changes Change A Replace Figure 2 5 Schematic Diagram of a Model 478A Thermistor Mount when Connected to a 431 Power Meter on page 25 with Figure A 1 Figure A 1 Schematic Diagram of a Model 478A Th...

Страница 48: ...Manual Replace Figure 4 1 Schematic Diagram of a Model 478A Thermistor Mount when Connected to a 432 Power Meter on page 34 with Figure A 2 Figure A 2 Schematic Diagram of a Model 478A Thermistor Mou...

Страница 49: ...Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual 49 Replace Figure 4 2 Check on Model 478A Thermistor Resistance Match on page 35 with Figure A 3 Figure A 3 Check on Model 478A Thermistor Resistance Match...

Страница 50: ...sight 478A Operating and Service Manual Change B Replace Figure 2 4 Source Impedance Shunting One RF Thermistor Mount on page 23 with Figure A 4 Figure A 4 Source Impedance Shunting One RF Thermistor...

Страница 51: ...nual 51 Replace Figure 2 5 Schematic Diagram of a Model 478A Thermistor Mount when Connected to a 431 Power Meter on page 25 with Figure A 5 Figure A 5 Schematic Diagram of a Model 478A Thermistor Mou...

Страница 52: ...Manual Replace Figure 4 1 Schematic Diagram of a Model 478A Thermistor Mount when Connected to a 432 Power Meter on page 34 with Figure A 6 Figure A 6 Schematic Diagram of a Model 478A Thermistor Mou...

Страница 53: ...eplace Figure 4 3 Thermistor Compensation on page 37 with Figure A 7 Figure A 7 Thermistor Compensation P O Change B Replace Figure 4 4 Model 478A Thermistor Mount Assembly on page 41 with Figure A 8...

Страница 54: ...4 Keysight 478A Operating and Service Manual Replace Figure 4 5 Keysight Model 478A Printed Circuit Assy Wiring on page 42 with Figure A 9 Figure A 9 Keysight Model 478A Printed Circuit Assembly Wirin...

Страница 55: ...is subject to change without notice Always refer to the Keysight website for the latest revision Keysight Technologies 2008 2020 Edition 3 January 23 2020 Printed in Malaysia 00478 90021 00478 90021...

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