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UMG 508
10 UMG 508
11
General General
Power Factor (vectorial) - Lambda
• The power factor is unsigned.
PF
P
S
A
A
=
CosPhi - Fundamental Power Factor
• Only the mains frequency part is used for calculati-
on of the cosphi.
• CosPhi sign:
- = for the supply of real power
+ = for obtaining real power
PF
P
S
1
1
1
= = cos( ) ϕ
CosPhi total
• CosPhi sign:
- = for the supply of real power
+ = for obtaining real power
cos( )
( ) (
ϕ
Sum
P P P
P P P Q
fund fund fund
fund fund fund
3
1 2 3
1 2 3
2
1
=
+ +
+ + +
ffund fund fund
Q Q + +
2 3
2 )
cos( )
(
ϕ
Sum
P P P P
P P P
fund fund fund fund
fund fund fun
4
1 2 3 4
1 2 3
=
+ + +
+ +
dd fund fund fund fund fund
P Q Q Q Q + + + + +
4
2
1 2 3 4
2 ) ( )
K-factor
• The K-factor describes the increase of the eddy current losses when loaded with harmonics. For a sinusoidal load on
the transformer, the K-factor =1. The larger the K-factor, the heavier a transformer can be loaded with harmonics wit-
hout overheating.
Phase Angle Phi
• The phase angle between current and voltage of the external conductor p is calculated according to DIN EN 61557-12
and displayed.
• The sign of the phase angle corresponding to the sign of the reactive power.