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5
Moisture Content and Humidity
Wood is a porous, organic material, and is affected
dimensionally by changes in the amounts of moisture
it contains. Fine guitars made from solid woods are
without a doubt more susceptible to the effects of
changes in humidity than laminated instruments, and
therefore require ongoing attention to their condition.
The moisture content of wood is determined by the
relative humidity and temperature of the surrounding
atmosphere.
Relative humidity is expressed as a percentage of
air’s capability to hold moisture. For example, 30%
relative humidity means that the air is holding 30% of
the moisture it could possibly hold at a given
temperature.
The moisture content for wood and the relative
humidity for air are measured quite differently. In
wood, a 6% moisture content is present at 30%
relative humidity and 72 degrees F temperature,
(about 22.2 degrees C).
Protection From Temperature and Humidity
The greatest threats to a fine wood guitar are extremes
of and rapid changes in temperature and humidity.
High humidity can cause softening of the glues
used in the construction of the instrument. Also, as
the woods absorb moisture from the air, high humidity
can cause the top and back, especially on flat-top and
classical guitars, to expand and rise—making string
action high.
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