GRAUPNER Junior Line Series, Инструкция по эксплуатации

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20 Junior Line WP Soil micro Segelboot RTR
Sailing
Sailing model yachts is not difficult if one under -
stands the relationships between wind direction,
boat direction and respective sail settings.
Familiarize yourself with sailing theory (e.g.
via trade literature) before operating the model
for the first time. The following notices will only
provide you with a small basic introduction.
The various sailing courses are shown in the
sketch along with their italicized sailing terms.
A sailboat can never sail against the wind (black
arrow (W)). Within a range of 90° to the wind
(darkly shaded area) the sails will always luff
(shake) and thus no forward motion can be
generated. Only when the boat is about 45° off
of the wind direction with tightly hauled sails
will it begin to sail forward (transition between
darkly and lightly shaded areas (2a) and (2b)).
This course is known as sailing close to the
wind. Only on this course, and with tightly
hauled sails, can a sailboat „beat“ or „work“
against the wind with a sailing technique known
as „tacking“. „Tacking“ is a method of sailing a
zigzag course; part of the time to port (mainsail
on the left side of the vessel (2a)) then after a
tack (turning the boats bow through the eye of
the wind, from position (2a) through (1) to (2b))
to starboard for a while (mainsail on the right
side of the vessel (2b)) and so on. Effective,
rapid tacking with a sailboat requires a lot of
sensitivity and observation. It is deemed to be
the essence of sailing.
The other courses are less demanding. When
the wind comes from the side, the sails are
opened (slack-ened) just wide enough so they
do not luff, about 30 to 45° with respect to the
vessel‘s keel. This course is known as beam
reach ((3a) beam reach to port/(3b) beam reach
to starboard).
When the boat bears away more (bear away:
turning the boat‘s stern increasingly toward the direction of the wind (II) / to head up: turning the boat‘s bow is increasingly in
the direction of the wind (I)) it will attain a broad reach course at which the sails will be eased to about 60° to the boat‘s midship
(4a/4b). Only on these two courses is it possible for a sailboat to attain its maximum speed.
If the boat is sailing directly with the wind, this is referred to as „running“. In this case the sail should be opened completely
(about 90° to the vessel‘s keel). As a consequence of different pressures on the sails, the foresail will turn by itself to the side
opposite of the mainsail. This process can be deliberately induced with small rudder/course corrections. If the wind is too
strong it can easily press the sailboat‘s bow under water.
If the boat is sailing a reach and is brought into a windward position (bear away) by rudder movement and then, with additional
rudder movement, again brought into a reach course (at about a right angle to the old reach course), the boat has made a jibe.
The jibe is considered complete when the wide open main boom swings from one side of the boat to the other.
Control behavior / sailing behavior
A performance-oriented sailing vessel will not be able to maintain its course by itself through changing wind pressures but
rather, e.g. for a gust of wind, will head up more or less severely, i.e. turn into the wind. This can only be prevented by timely
easing of the sails slightly and, if necessary, also giving some counteraction with the rudder until the gust has passed. If the
boat is bearing away, then in addition to necessary rudder movement the sails must also be eased at the same time. Other-
wise the boat will quite stubbornly continue to sail directly ahead despite appropriate rudder movement. Every sailboat will
uncontrollably turn into the wind if the wind is too strong. The sail is then too large; if no smaller sail is available then sailing is
no longer possible.