Owner’s Manual |
GPR-25 Regulator
14
Carmanah Technologies Corp. Copyright © 2007
Document number: GPR-25_Manual_v4.doc
Last revised: June 21, 2007
Building 4, 203 Harbour Road
Victoria, British Columbia
Canada V9A 3S2
5. Ensure the product is not shipped collect, unless approved by management prior to Carmanah
receiving said product, or
THE PACKAGE WILL BE REFUSED
.
6. Test items or items that are not under warranty, or units that are not defective, will be charged a
minimum bench charge of ($50.00 US) plus taxes and shipping.
7. A 15% restocking charge will be applied on goods returned and accepted as “new” stock.
13. PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM GLOSSARY
Ampere
: A unit of electrical current. Designates the number of electrons flowing per second through a
conductive material.
Ampere-Hour
(
Ahr
): A unit of energy, typically referring to battery capacity. One ampere of current
flowing for one hour.
Azimuth of the Sun
: The angular measure between due south and the point on the horizon directly
below the sun.
Array
: A number of photovoltaic modules electrically connected to produce a single electrical output.
Angle of Incidence
: The angle between a ray of sunlight striking a surface and a line perpendicular to
that surface. Rays perpendicular to a surface have a zero angle of incidence.
Battery
: Two or more electrochemical cells connected to provide energy storage.
May be used to designate one cell. PV system batteries may be “sealed” or “wet acid”.
Blocking Diode
: A diode application that prevents a battery from discharging through the array at night
or if the array becomes shaded. Most charge controllers are equipped with a blocking diode.
Charge Controller
: The PV system component that controls the battery’s state of charge. It may also
provide other system control functions.
Charge Rate
: The current applied to a battery to restore its energy capacity. The battery manufacturer
will usually have a recommended charge rate for their product. The rate is typically 10 –20 percent of the
amp hour capacity at the 20-hour rate.
Current
: DC or Direct Current is the type of electron flow provided by a battery or solar cell, which flows
in one direction. The unit for current is ampere or amp for short and designated by the letter
I
.
Cycle
One battery cycle equals one discharge and one charge.
Deep Cycle Battery
:
Batteries that are designed to discharge as much as 80% of their capacity as
opposed to engine-starting or “shallow cycle” batteries which are designed for heavy cranking but will not
stand up to repeated deep discharges.
Depth of Discharge
: A measure of how much energy has been withdrawn from a battery, expressed as
a percentage of full capacity. A 100 Ahr battery from which 30 Ahr has been withdrawn has undergone a
30% depth of discharge (DOD). This term is the inverse of state of charge (SC); the example battery
would be at 70% SC.
Diode
: A semi-conductor device that allows current to flow in one direction only.
Equalization
: The process that equalizes the specific gravity of all the cells in a battery by means of a
controlled overcharge that breaks down sulfation on the battery plates. Most inverter/chargers and some
charge controllers are equipped with this feature.
Grid-Connected
: A power system interconnected with the grid (or
mains
) of the local electric utility. Also
referred to as
utility-interactive.
Hybrid System
: A power system consisting of two or more energy sources (e.g., a PV array and a wind
generator.)
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