Section 2 – Tire Safety Information
R4 3/30/2017
Page 16
Test rim
The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and may
be any rim listed as appropriate for use with that
tire.
Tread
That portion of a tire that comes into contact with
the road.
Tread rib
A tread section running circumferentially around a
tire.
Tread separation
Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass.
Treadwear indicators (TWI)
The projections within the principal grooves
designed to give a visual indication of the degrees
of wear of the tread.
Vehicle capacity weight
The rated cargo and luggage load plus 68 kilograms
(150 lbs.) times the vehicle’s designated seating
capacity.
Vehicle maximum load on the tire
The load on an individual tire that is determined by
distributing to each axle its share of the maximum
loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two.
Vehicle normal load on the tire
The load on an individual tire that is determined by
distributing to each axle its share of the curb
weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant
weight (distributed in accordance with Table I of
CRF 49 571.110) and dividing by 2.
Weather side
The surface area of the rim not covered by the
inflated tire.
Wheel center member
In the case of a non-pneumatic tire assembly
incorporating a wheel, a mechanical device which
attaches, either integrally or separably, to the non-
pneumatic rim and provides the connection between
the non-pneumatic rim and the vehicle; or, in the
case of a non-pneumatic tire assembly not
incorporating a wheel, a mechanical device which
attaches, either integrally or separably, to the non-
pneumatic tire and provides the connection between
tire and the vehicle.
Wheel-holding fixture
The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire
assembly securely during testing.
2.5 T
IRE
S
AFETY
-
E
VERYTHING
R
IDES
O
N
I
T
The National Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA) has published a brochure (DOT HS 809
361) that discusses all aspects of Tire Safety, as
required by CFR 575.6. This brochure is
reproduced in part below. It can be obtained and
downloaded from NHTSA, free of charge, from the
following web site:
http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/cars/rules/TireSafety/rides
onit/tires_index.html
Studies of tire safety show that maintaining proper
tire pressure, observing tire and vehicle load limits
(not carrying more weight in your vehicle than your
tires or vehicle can safely handle), avoiding road
hazards, and inspecting tires for cuts, slashes, and
other irregularities are the most important things
you can do to avoid tire failure, such as tread
separation or blowout and flat tires. These actions,
along with other care and maintenance activities,
can also:
•
Improve vehicle handling
•
Help protect you and others from avoidable
breakdowns and accidents
•
Improve fuel economy
•
Increase the life of your tires.
This booklet presents a comprehensive overview of
tire safety, including information on the following
topics:
•
Basic tire maintenance
•
Uniform Tire Quality Grading System
•
Fundamental characteristics of tires
•
Tire safety tips.
Use this information to make tire safety a regular
part of your vehicle maintenance routine. Recognize
that the time you spend is minimal compared with
the inconvenience and safety consequences of a flat
tire or other tire failure.
2.5.1 Safety First–Basic Tire Maintenance
Properly maintained tires improve the steering,
stopping, traction, and load-carrying capability of
your vehicle. Underinflated tires and overloaded
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