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Hints and advices for car sound builders using

 DLS amplifiers and speakers

DLS Svenska AB
P.O. Box 13029, SE-402 51 Göteborg, Sweden
Tel. +46 31 84 00 60
Fax +46 31 84 40 21
E-mail:  [email protected]
www.dls.se

CONTENTS:

Page
1

Introduction

2 - 3

Formulas and facts

4 - 5

Amplifier facts

6 - 8

Passive crossover filters

9

Cabling

10 - 13 Installation
14 - 20 Building speaker boxes
21

Enclosure examples

22

Some useful tables

SOUND HANDBOOK

Содержание DLS CA12

Страница 1: ...402 51 Göteborg Sweden Tel 46 31 84 00 60 Fax 46 31 84 40 21 E mail info dls se www dls se CONTENTS Page 1 Introduction 2 3 Formulas and facts 4 5 Amplifier facts 6 8 Passive crossover filters 9 Cabling 10 13 Installation 14 20 Building speaker boxes 21 Enclosure examples 22 Some useful tables SOUND HANDBOOK ...

Страница 2: ...has an efficiency of around 50 This means that a 500 watt amplifier will take up to a 1000 watts from the battery and 50 of it will be transfor med to heat The power transistors must work very hard and will get very hot A class D amplifier has an efficiency of 80 90 and the heat dissipation is much lower The power consumption is also much lower The disadvantage of a class D amplifier is the higher...

Страница 3: ... mm2 3 AWG 27 mm2 11 AWG 4 2 mm2 4 AWG 21 mm2 12 AWG 3 mm2 5 AWG 16 mm2 13 AWG 2 7 mm2 6 AWG 13 mm2 14 AWG 2 mm2 7 AWG 10 mm2 15 AWG 1 65 mm2 8 AWG 8 mm2 16 AWG 1 3 mm2 SPEAKER TERMS It s useful to know what the most common speaker data terms stands for Fs speaker resonant frequency in Hz Fc box resonant frequency in Hz F3 approximative lower frequency for vented boxes in Hz Often called F 3 dB po...

Страница 4: ...ors in parallel you can use the formula below R1 x R2 4 x 8 R1 R2 4 8 R Ex 32 12 2 66Ω Formula 1 1 1 1 1 C C1 C2 C3 C4 100 μF 50 μF 50 μF 10 μF 1 1 1 1 1 C 10 50 50 100 C 6 66 μF 1 μF 0 000001 Farad 10 6 1 nF 0 000000001 Farad 10 9 1 pF 0 000000000001 Farad 10 12 dB is a unit used to describe a realation It s used to describe an amplification as well as an attentuation At an attentuation a minus s...

Страница 5: ... 13 lb 6 2 kg 13 67 lb 8 1 kg 17 86 lb 4 8 kg 10 6 lb DLS ULTIMATE AMPLIFIERS A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 Number of channels 2 2 3 4 5 Power output in 4 ohm 2 x 130 W 2 x 70 W 2 x 70 W 1 x 265 W 4 x 75 W 4 x 70 W 1 x 265 W Power output in 2 ohm 2 x 220 W 2 x 110 W 2 x 100 W 1 x 365 W 4 x 110 W 4 x 110 W 1 x 365 W Power output 4 ohm bridged 1 x 440 W 1 x 220 W 2 x 220 W 2 x 220 W Signal to noise ratio ...

Страница 6: ...2 x 65 W 1 x 170 W 2 x 75 W 1 x 170 W 4 x 70 W 4 x 50 W 1 x 170 W Power output in 2 ohm 0 2 THD 2 x 100 W 2 x 200 W 2 x 90 W 1 x 280 W 2 x 145 W 1 x 280 W 4 x 125 W 4 x 80 W 1 x 225 W Power output in 1 ohm 0 5 THD 2 x 210 W N A Power output 4 ohm bridged 1 x 200 W 1 x 400 W 1 x 170 W 1 x 280 W 2 x 200 W 2 x 150 W Signal to noise ratio A weighted 100 dB 100 dB 100 dB 90 dB 100 dB 100dB Damping fact...

Страница 7: ...0 μF 300 μF 5 6 μF 0 18 mH 12 dB filter slope 12 dB filter slope 123 123 123 123 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 The systems above are shown without impedance compensation Read below about conjugate links 10 mH 10 mH 300 μF 1 75 mH 1 75 mH 0 18 mH 50 μF 300 μF Sub bass Mid bass Mid range Tweeter 0 80 Hz80 520 Hz 520 5 kHz 5 kHz 50 μF 5 6 μF PHASE SHIFT IN PASSIVE CROSSOVERS All pas...

Страница 8: ... The crossover frequency varies with the capacitor value that is measured in the unit Farad and parts of Farad Normally we use μF values for speakers 1 F 1000 000 μF Capacitor values from approx 10 μF and up are normally of bipolar electrolytic type For lower values we often use polyester capacitors A capacitor as in the drawing below let the high frequencies pass and stops the lower C μF 160000 F...

Страница 9: ...allel the values are added Use this formula when connecting in series 1 1 1 1 C C C C COMPONENT VALUES FOR 12 dB PASSIVE CROSSOVERS X over freq 2 Ω Ω Ω Ω Ω 4 Ω Ω Ω Ω Ω 8Ω Ω Ω Ω Ω in Hz C μ μ μ μ μF L mH C μ μ μ μ μF L mH C μ μ μ μ μF L mH 62 5 900 7 2 450 14 4 225 28 8 95 600 5 300 10 150 20 140 400 3 2 200 6 4 100 12 8 190 300 2 35 150 4 7 75 9 5 375 150 1 2 75 2 4 38 4 8 520 108 0 87 54 1 75 27 ...

Страница 10: ...remote wire included with the signal cable may induce interference These cables are also quasi balanced for maximum performance Also use RCA phono connectors of highest quality with good shielding and gold plated for minimum contact resistance DLS ULTIMATE signal cables are of balanced type and are often used by very critical listeners The best performance is achieved by the ULTIMATE silver cables...

Страница 11: ...use protected THE CABLES As we have said before the cables are very important In the table on page 5 you find recommended areas for the DC feed for different amplifiers The ground wire must have the same area as the wire Connect the ground wire as close as possible to the amplifier Connect all units in the system to the same ground point to avoid interference Use high quality speaker cables with a...

Страница 12: ...at the bot tom part of the door it s difficult to change A 2 3 way system should be installed with the elements close to each other to achieve the best sound image An alternative is to install the bass element in the door and the tweeter on the dash board A door or dashboard installation is actually an open air installation since there is no limiting box SPEAKER INSTALLATION Exemple of a door inst...

Страница 13: ...or the speakers must be tested out in the respective car Kick panels are normally made of MDF or particle board and are build as sealed boxes or as membrane boxes where the element is allowed to breath through a membrane of foam rubber or similar Kick panels are very popular in competition cars MOUNTING IN KICK PANELS ADVANTAGES Stable mounting without rattling Superb sound image Higher power hand...

Страница 14: ...ed speakers can be either a 2 3 way system or coaxial speakers To this speakers you must use passive high pass filters that limits the frequency response The advantages of multimode operation is that a single amplifier can be used for all speakers in the car It s easy to install it needs less space and it s cheaper The disadvantages is that you need passive crossovers and it s difficult to adjust ...

Страница 15: ...t approx 2 5 cm 1 from the rear wall inside the box Then the speaker is fooled to believe the port is longer than it actually is This is not a perfect method but it often works good enough There must also be a free area in front of the port Don t cover the port opening with cloth A large sub needs a larger port to avoid whistling sounds Use ports with conical openings to avoid this The port must a...

Страница 16: ...n a vented box often called bass reflex box A vented box has a higher efficiency and a higher power handling capacity than the sealed box but only if it s correctly calculated with a suitable speaker element Suitable for all kinds of music The power handling capacity below the F 3db point is rather weak It is important that the ports are correctly tuned they must not be too small then whistling so...

Страница 17: ...two speakers playing into a ported chamber The picture shows a 5 th order 3 chamber box In a 7 th order 3 chamber box all chambers have ports ISOBARIC BOXES Two speakers mounted on the same axis and operating in the same phase and direction push and pull All box types can be built isobaric giving the following advantages and disadvantages Advantages Reduced box volume with the same F 3 dB Higher e...

Страница 18: ...ge Checking polarity Hold the connection of the speaker wire to the terminal of a 1 5 Volt flashlight battery Tap the wire on to the terminal of the battery and observe the movement of the cone The cone should move outwards when the wire touches the battery and inwards when the battery is removed If it is the other way around the speaker has been connected backwards and it must be removed and conn...

Страница 19: ...onnection bad or some other things that is causing voltage drop at high power outputs A cheap amplifier with unsufficient capacity in the DC converter can give the same result A good car battery with low inner resistance OPTIMA or a Power Cap of 0 5 Farad or more connected to the power lead will also improve the bass reproduction 3 Problem Rumble bass sound The box tuning is too low make the F 3dB...

Страница 20: ...n the middle of the rear seat for loading skis etc You can place the box behind this opening and direct speaker or port through this opening There must be some free space in front of the port between the rear seat and the port opening Don t put the port through the hat rack if the speaker is directed towards the rear seat this will give a poor sound Alternatively you can mount both speakers and po...

Страница 21: ...compound If you build a bandpass box let one side be removable to make it easier to change speaker Use sealing strips in the joint The length of the screws should be 3 times the board thickness Mount them 6 cm apart Use conical bass ports for best result DLS BP 75 or BP 110 If the ports are too long for the box you can add a bend to it Either cut the tube and glue it together in angle or use facto...

Страница 22: ... 53 liters Port vented box 4 x 23 cm 4 x 22 cm DLS W110B Music Normal Vented box 35 liters 40 liters Port 3 x 15 cm 3 x 14 cm DLS W112B Music Normal Vented box 51 liters 57 liters Port 4 x 23 cm 4 x 22 cm DLS UW10 Music Normal Vented box 26 liters 29 liters Port 3 x 20 cm 3 x 19 cm DLS W310 Music Normal Vented box 30 liters 34 liters Port 3 x 17 cm 3 x 17 cm DLS W312 Music Normal Vented box 47 lit...

Страница 23: ...75 4 2 1 2 1 5 2 5 5 0 10 0 12 6 15 1 25 1 50 2 100 0 3 1 4 1 9 2 3 3 8 7 5 15 1 18 8 22 6 37 7 62 8 5 1 6 2 4 3 1 3 8 6 3 12 6 25 1 31 4 37 7 62 8 10 1 6 3 1 4 7 6 3 7 5 12 6 25 1 50 2 62 8 75 4 20 3 1 6 3 9 4 12 6 15 1 25 1 50 2 For example a coil with 10 mH inductance often used as lowpass filter for subwoofers has an inner resistance impedance of 1 6 ohms at 25 Hz increasing to 6 3 ohms at 100...

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