Maintenance Section
-132-
Coolant Water
Hard water, or water with high levels of calcium and
magnesium ions, encourages the formation of
insoluble chemical compounds by combining with
cooling system additives such as silicates and
phosphates.
The tendency of silicates and phosphates to
precipitate out-of-solution increases with increasing
water hardness. Hard water or water with high
levels of calcium and magnesium ions encourages
the formation of insoluble chemicals, especially
after a number of heating and cooling cycles.
DAEWOO prefers the use of distilled water or
deionized water to reduce the potential and severity
of chemical insolubility.
Acceptable Water
Water Content
Limits (PPM)
Chlorides (Cl)
50 maximum
Sulfates (SO
4
) 50
maximum
Total hardness
80mg/l
Total solids
250 maximum
PH
6.0 to 8.0
ppm = parts per million
Using water that meets the minimum acceptable
water requirement may not prevent drop-out of
these chemical compounds totally, but should
minimize the rate to acceptable levels.
Antifreeze
NOTICE
DAEWOO recommends using automotive
antifreeze suitable for gasoline engines having
aluminum alloy parts. Antifreeze of poor quality will
cause corrosion of the cooling system, and thus
always use automotive antifreeze prepared by a
reliable maker, and never use it mixed with
antifreeze of different brand.
DAEWOO recommends that the coolant mix
contain 50% commercially available automotive
antifreeze, or equivalent and acceptable water to
maintain and adequate water pump cavitation
temperature for efficient water pump performance.
Premix coolant solution to provide protection to the
lowest expected outside (ambient) temperature.
Pure undiluted antifreeze will freeze at -23
°C
(-10
°F
).
Use a greater concentration (above 50%) of
commercially available automotive antifreeze only
as needed for anticipated outside (ambient)
temperatures. Do not exceed the recommendations,
provided with the commercially available
automotive antifreezes, regarding the coolant
mixture of antifreeze to water.
Make proper antifreeze additions.
Adding pure antifreeze as a makeup solution for
cooling system top-up is an unacceptable practice.
It increases the concentration of antifreeze in the
cooling system which increases the concentration
of dissolved solids and undissolved chemical
inhibitors in the cooling system. Add antifreeze
mixed with water to the same freeze protection as
your cooling system.
Use the chart below to assist in determining the
concentration of antifreeze to use.
Antifreeze Concentrations
Protection Temperature
Concentrations
Protection to -15°C (5°F)
30% antifreeze and 70% water
Protection to -23°C (-10°F)
40% antifreeze and 60% water
Protection to -37°C (-34°F)
50% antifreeze and 50% water
Protection to -51°C (-60°F)
60% antifreeze and 40% water
