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9.10 Improving voltage measurement quality

The following topics discuss methods of generally improving voltage measurements:

9.10.1 Deciding between single-ended or differential measurements

147

9.10.2 Minimizing ground potential differences

148

9.10.3 Detecting open inputs

149

9.10.4 Minimizing power-related artifacts

150

9.10.5 Filtering to reduce measurement noise

152

9.10.6 Minimizing settling errors

153

9.10.7 Factors affecting accuracy

155

9.10.8 Minimizing offset voltages

156

Read More: Consult the following technical papers at

www.campbellsci.com/app-notes

for in-

depth treatments of several topics addressing voltage measurement quality:

l

Preventing and Attacking Measurement Noise Problems

l

Benefits of Input Reversal and Excitation Reversal for Voltage Measurements

l

Voltage Accuracy, Self-Calibration, and Ratiometric Measurements

9.10.1 Deciding between single-ended or differential
measurements

Deciding whether a differential or single-ended measurement is appropriate is usually, by far, the
most important consideration when addressing voltage measurement quality. The decision
requires trade-offs of accuracy and precision, noise cancellation, measurement speed, available
measurement hardware, and fiscal constraints.

In broad terms, analog voltage is best measured differentially because these measurements
include the following noise reduction features that are not included in single-ended
measurements.

l

Passive Noise Rejection

o

No voltage reference offset

o

Common-mode noise rejection, which filters capacitively coupled noise

l

Active Noise Rejection

o

Input reversal

o

For more information, see

Compensating for offset voltage

(p. 158).

9. Tips and troubleshooting

147

Содержание CR6 Series

Страница 1: ...Revision 02 10 2020 Copyright 2000 2020 Campbell Scientific Inc...

Страница 2: ...and the integrity and location of structures or land to which towers tripods and any attachments are attached Installation sites should be evaluated and approved by a qualified engineer If questions o...

Страница 3: ...Take precautions to prevent elevated tools and objects from dropping l Do not perform any work in inclement weather including wind rain snow lightning etc Maintenance l Periodically at least yearly c...

Страница 4: ...d or other materials provided with the distribution 3 The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission THIS SO...

Страница 5: ...4 2 Ethernet port 13 2 4 3 C and U terminals for communications 13 2 4 3 1 SDI 12 ports 13 2 4 3 2 RS 232 RS 485 TTL and LVTTL ports 14 2 4 3 3 SDM ports 14 2 4 4 CS I O port 14 2 4 5 RS 232 CPI port...

Страница 6: ...33 Configuring the data logger acting as a router 33 Adding routing data logger to LoggerNet network 34 Adding leaf data loggers to the network 35 Using additional communications methods 35 3 1 5 4 R...

Страница 7: ...tables 58 5 2 Memory allocation 58 5 3 SRAM 59 5 3 1 USR drive 60 5 4 Flash memory 60 5 4 1 CPU drive 61 5 5 MicroSD CRD drive 61 5 5 1 Formatting microSD cards 62 5 5 2 MicroSD card precautions 62 5...

Страница 8: ...ditions 83 6 5 5 Quadrature measurements 83 6 5 6 Pulse measurement tips 84 6 5 6 1 Input filters and signal attenuation 84 6 5 6 2 Pulse count resolution 85 6 6 Vibrating wire measurements 85 6 6 1 V...

Страница 9: ...Unsigned 32 bit integer 100 32 Bit floating point 100 7 2 8 Modbus tips and troubleshooting 100 7 2 8 1 Error codes 100 Result code 01 illegal function 100 Result code 02 illegal data address 101 Res...

Страница 10: ...remote data logger 122 8 8 File management via powerup ini 123 8 8 1 Syntax 124 8 8 2 Example powerup ini files 125 9 Tips and troubleshooting 127 9 1 Checking station status 128 9 1 1 Viewing statio...

Страница 11: ...ended or differential measurements 147 9 10 2 Minimizing ground potential differences 148 9 10 2 1 Ground potential differences 149 9 10 3 Detecting open inputs 149 9 10 4 Minimizing power related art...

Страница 12: ...166 10 2 5 CalOffset 166 10 2 6 CalRefOffset 166 10 2 7 CalRefSlope 166 10 2 8 CalVolts 166 10 2 9 CardStatus 166 10 2 10 ChargeInput 166 10 2 11 ChargeState 166 10 2 12 CommsMemFree 166 10 2 13 Compi...

Страница 13: ...171 10 2 44 SkippedScan 171 10 2 45 SkippedSystemScan 171 10 2 46 StartTime 171 10 2 47 StartUpCode 171 10 2 48 StationName 171 10 2 49 SW12Volts 172 10 2 50 SystemProcTime 172 10 2 51 TimeStamp 172...

Страница 14: ...PPassword 178 10 4 16 FTPPort 178 10 4 17 FTPUserName 178 10 4 18 HTTPEnabled 178 10 4 19 HTTPHeader 179 10 4 20 HTTPPort 179 10 4 21 HTTPSEnabled 179 10 4 22 HTTPSPort 179 10 4 23 IncludeFile 179 10...

Страница 15: ...me 185 10 4 54 RouteFilters 185 10 4 55 RS232Handshaking 185 10 4 56 RS232Power 185 10 4 57 RS232Timeout 186 10 4 58 Security 1 Security 2 Security 3 186 10 4 59 ServicesEnabled 186 10 4 60 TCPClientC...

Страница 16: ...193 10 4 74 2 RadioDataRate 193 10 4 74 3 RadioDiag 194 10 4 74 4 RadioEnable 194 10 4 74 5 RadioFirmwareVer 194 10 4 74 6 RadioFreqKey 195 10 4 74 7 RadioFreqRepeat 195 10 4 74 8 RadioFreqZone 195 1...

Страница 17: ...iFiFwdCode Forward Code 208 10 4 75 12 WiFiPassword 208 10 4 75 13 WiFiPowerMode 208 10 4 75 14 WiFiSSID Network Name 208 10 4 75 15 WiFiStatus 208 10 4 75 16 WiFiTxPowerLevel 209 10 4 75 17 WLANDomai...

Страница 18: ...easurement specifications 221 11 6 1 Switch closure input 221 11 6 2 High frequency input 222 11 6 3 Low level AC input 222 11 7 Digital input output specifications 222 11 7 1 Switch closure input 223...

Страница 19: ...f a phenomenon to an electrical signal see Sensors p 3 for more information l Data logger The data logger measures electrical signals or reads serial characters It converts the measurement or reading...

Страница 20: ...g digital or smart This multipurpose data logger is also capable of doing static vibrating wire measurements 1 1 1 Overview The CR6 data logger is the main part of a data acquisition system see CR6 da...

Страница 21: ...grams are run by the CR6 in either sequential mode or pipeline mode In sequential mode each instruction is executed sequentially in the order it appears in the program In pipeline mode the CR6 determi...

Страница 22: ...ve bridge l Pulse o High frequency o Switch closure o Low level ac o Quadrature l Period average l Vibrating wire l Smart sensors o SDI 12 o RS 232 o Modbus o DNP3 o TCP IP o RS 485 1 CR6 data acquisi...

Страница 23: ...ent and reverse power The wiring panel is the interface to most data logger functions so studying it is a good way to get acquainted with the data logger Functions of the terminals are broken down int...

Страница 24: ...counting terminal functions U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U10 U11 U12 C1 C4 Switch Closure High Frequency Low level Ac NOTE Conflicts can occur when a control port pair is used for different instructions...

Страница 25: ...RS 232 CPI SDI 12 GPS Time Sync PPS Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx TTL 0 5 V Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx LVTTL 0 3 3 V Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx RS 232 Tx Rx Tx Rx RS 485 Ha...

Страница 26: ...als To establish an uninterruptible power supply UPS connect the primary power source often a transformer power converter or solar panel to the CHG terminals and connect a nominal 12 VDC sealed rechar...

Страница 27: ...rature with a maximum voltage of approximately 15 VDC A battery need not be connected to the BAT terminals to supply power to the data logger through the CHG terminals The onboard charging regulator i...

Страница 28: ...current is again reduced to within stated limits The following are available l 12V unregulated nominal 12 VDC This supply closely tracks the primary data logger supply voltage so it may rise above or...

Страница 29: ...ended analog inputs excitation returns and a ground for sensor shield wires o 6 common terminals l Power Ground G return for 3 3 V 5 V 12 V U or C terminals configured for control and digital sensors...

Страница 30: ...uations search for published literature on lightning protection or contact a qualified lightning protection consultant In laboratory applications locating a stable earth ground is challenging but stil...

Страница 31: ...e RJ45 10 100 Ethernet port is used for IP communications 2 4 3 C and U terminals for communications C and U terminals are configurable for the following communications types l SDI 12 l RS 232 l RS 48...

Страница 32: ...nications input and output expansion peripherals and select smart sensors It uses a common bus and addresses each node CRBasic SDM device and sensor instructions configure terminals C1 C2 and C3 toget...

Страница 33: ...pherals on pin 9 logic low marking 0V logic high spacing 5V standard asynchronous ASCII eight data bits no parity one start bit one stop bit User selectable baud rates 300 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38...

Страница 34: ...Description 1 RS 232 Transmit Tx 2 RS 232 Receive Rx 3 100 Res Ground 4 CPI Data 5 CPI Data 6 100 Res Ground 7 RS 232 CTS CPI Sync 8 RS 232 DTR CPI Sync 9 Not Used 2 5 Programmable logic control The...

Страница 35: ...Other functions include device driven interrupts asynchronous communications and SDI 12 communications The high voltage for these terminals defaults to 5 V but it can be changed to 3 3 V using the Po...

Страница 36: ...gger SW12 terminal The following code snip turns the modem on for the first ten minutes of every hour using the TimeIsBetween instruction embedded in an If Then logic statement If TimeIsBetween 0 10 6...

Страница 37: ...nd the data logger support software manual and help The default settings for the data logger allow it to communicate with a computer via USB RS 232 or Ethernet For other communications methods or more...

Страница 38: ...ger 2 Click Next 3 Select your data logger from the list type a name for your data logger for example a site or project name and click Next 4 If prompted select the Direct Connect connection type and...

Страница 39: ...field indicates that there is no time limit for maintaining a connection to the data logger 12 Click Next 13 By default the data logger does not use a security code or a PakBus encryption key Therefor...

Страница 40: ...logger serial number or station name if assigned 4 A virtual IP address can be used to connect to the data logger using Device Configuration Utility or other computer software or to view the data logg...

Страница 41: ...is data logger does not use a PakBus encryption key so the PakBus Encryption Key box can be left blank If this setting has been changed enter the new code or key See Data logger security p 111 for mor...

Страница 42: ...d once per data logger However these settings can be revised using the data logger support software Edit Datalogger Setup option 1 Using data logger support software open EZSetup l LoggerNet users sel...

Страница 43: ...e new code or key See Data logger security p 111 Next 8 Review the Communication Setup Summary If you need to make changes click Previous to return to a previous window and change the settings Setup i...

Страница 44: ...gs on your computer 2 Select the Wi Fi network hosted by the data logger The default name is CR6 followed by the serial number of the data logger In the previous image the Wi Fi network is CRxxx 3 If...

Страница 45: ...the data logger does not use a security code or a PakBus encryption key Therefore the Security Code can be left at 0 and the PakBus Encryption Key can be left blank If either setting has been changed...

Страница 46: ...etwork you must follow the instruction in Setting up Wi Fi communications between the data logger and the data logger support software p 26 using the IP address used to configure that data logger step...

Страница 47: ...radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a resident...

Страница 48: ...Utility l If you are connecting to multiple data loggers you will have to assign unique PakBus addresses to each data logger using Device Configuration Utility Connect to each data logger set the PakB...

Страница 49: ...ries radio as configured in previous instructions Follow these instructions multiple times to set up multiple data loggers In this case each data logger must be given a unique PakBus address see PakBu...

Страница 50: ...If either setting has been changed enter the new code or key See Data logger security p 111 for more information 12 Click Next 13 Review the Communication Setup Summary If you need to make changes cli...

Страница 51: ...cable 3 Using Device Configuration Utility select the Communication Port used for your radio and connect to the RF407 series radio 4 On the Main tab set the Active Interface to USB or RS 232 depending...

Страница 52: ...andard view 2 Click Add Root 3 Click ComPort then PakBusPort PakBus Loggers then CR6Series 4 Click Close 5 In the Entire Network pane on the left side of the window select the ComPort 6 On the Hardwar...

Страница 53: ...ems with network communications see Troubleshooting Radio Communications p 134 for assistance Using additional communications methods Using similar instructions a RF407 series data logger can be used...

Страница 54: ...the Active Interface to USB or RS 232 depending on how your computer will be connected to the radio 5 Set the Radio Operation Mode to Multi Point Master 6 In the Network ID field type a unique number...

Страница 55: ...tility 3 Using data logger support software launch the EZSetup Wizard and add the data logger l PC200W and PC400 users click Add Datalogger l LoggerNet users click Setup then the View menu to ensure y...

Страница 56: ...communications with multiple dataloggers using one data logger as a repeater This type of network configuration is useful for communicating around an obstacle such as a hill or building or to reach lo...

Страница 57: ...umber between 0 and 14 and make note of this number Generally all radios in the nework will have the same Frequency Key 6 Check the Repeaters Used box 7 Apply your changes Configuring the data logger...

Страница 58: ...Connected to the Computer 9 In the Frequency Key box type the same number set in the previous instruction Configuring the RF451 Radio Connected to the Computer 10 Apply your changes Adding the repeat...

Страница 59: ...e the router RF451 data logger communicates with LoggerNet through an RV50 cellular modem connected to RF451 data logger using the RS 232 port The router RF451 data logger communicates with the leaf R...

Страница 60: ...t the data logger clock to the Adjusted Server Date Time by clicking Set Datalogger Clock l Use the Time Zone Offset to specify a positive or negative offset to apply to the computer time when setting...

Страница 61: ...users select Main and Connect on the LoggerNet toolbar select the data logger from the Stations list then Connect l PC400 and PC200W users select the data logger from the list and click Connect To di...

Страница 62: ...ll Scientific Inc US is usually the best fit outside of Europe To change the noise rejection or sensor support option for future programs use the Program menu 4 A list of Available Sensors and Devices...

Страница 63: ...le2 tab and click Delete Table 12 In the Table Name box type a name for the table For example OneMin 13 Select a Data Output Storage Interval For example to 1 minute 14 Click Next 15 Select the measur...

Страница 64: ...llecting data p 49 for detailed instruction Some methods of sending a program give the option to retain data when possible Regardless of the program upload tool used data will be erased when a new pro...

Страница 65: ...that the times shown are expected for your application Click OK After sending a program it is a good idea to monitor the Public Table to make sure sensors are taking good measurements See Working with...

Страница 66: ...ables It also only updates when viewed l User defined data tables update at the schedule set within the program For information on collecting your data see Collecting data p 49 Use these instructions...

Страница 67: ...cally through scheduled collections set in LoggerNet Setup Use these instruction or follow the Collect Data Tutorial 4 2 1 Collecting data using LoggerNet 1 From the LoggerNet toolbar click Main and C...

Страница 68: ...View Pro View Pro contains tools for reviewing data in tabular form as well as several graphical layouts for visualization Use these instructions or follow the View Data Tutorial Once the data logger...

Страница 69: ...LIC statement allows an optional type descriptor As that specifies the data type The data types are Float Long Boolean and String The default type is Float Example variables declared with optional dat...

Страница 70: ...ing is convenient in handling serial sensors dial strings text messages etc When size is not specified a default of 24 characters will be used 23 usable bytes and 1 terminating byte As a special case...

Страница 71: ...e see Data memory p 58 The file consists of five or more rows Each row consists of columns or fields The first four rows constitute the file header Subsequent rows contain data records Data tables may...

Страница 72: ...eight fields The following list describes the fields using the previous table entries as an example l TOA5 Table output format Changed via LoggerNet Setup Standard View Data Files tab l MyStation Stat...

Страница 73: ...o customize the names TIMESTAMP RECORD BattV_Avg PTemp_C_Avg and Temp_C_Avg are the default field names in the previous Example data p 53 The third header row identifies engineering units for that fie...

Страница 74: ...contain the total rainfall beginning at 2019 03 07 00 00 01 and ending at 2019 03 08 00 00 00 4 6 Creating data tables in a program Data is stored in tables as directed by the CRBasic program In Short...

Страница 75: ...oldest data at about the same time It is recommended you reserve the use of auto allocation for data tables that store data based only on time tables that store data based on the DataInterval instruc...

Страница 76: ...erwritten by newest data Using the FillStop statement sets a program to stop writing to the data table when it is full and no more data is stored until the table is reset To see the total number of re...

Страница 77: ...or is rebuilt on power up recompile and watchdog events l Variables Constants This memory stores constants and public variables used by the CRBasic program Variables may persist through power up recom...

Страница 78: ...rNet Setup File Retrieval tab functions USR is not affected by program recompilation or formatting of other drives It will only be reset if the USR drive is formatted a new operating system is loaded...

Страница 79: ...imary purpose is the storage of data files in a compact binary format Campbell Scientific recommends and supports only the use of microSD cards obtained from Campbell Scientific These cards are indust...

Страница 80: ...formatted card by first formatting the new card on a computer then copying a small file to the card from the computer and then deleting the file with the computer When the small file is copied to the...

Страница 81: ...Eject button must be pressed before removing a card to allow the data logger to store buffered data to the card and then power it off l Solid orange Error l Dim flashing orange Card has been removed...

Страница 82: ...tial measurements p 147 A voltage measurement proceeds as follows 1 Set PGA gain for the voltage range selected with the CRBasic measurement instruction parameter Range Set the ADC for the first notch...

Страница 83: ...indicates a measurement overrange by returning a NAN for the measurement WARNING Sustained voltages in excess of 20 V applied to terminals configured for analog input will damage CR6 circuitry 6 1 1...

Страница 84: ...al Differential measurements have the advantage of an input reversal option RevDiff When RevDiff is set to True two differential measurements are made the first with a positive polarity and the second...

Страница 85: ...ent loop The return path of the sensor must be connected directly to the G terminal closest to the terminal used The following image shows a simplified schematic of a current measurement 6 2 1 Example...

Страница 86: ...Sensor Type Connection Example 2 wire transmitter using data logger power 2 wire transmitter using external power 3 wire transmitter using data logger power 6 Measurements 68...

Страница 87: ...ternal power 6 3 Resistance measurements Bridge resistance is determined by measuring the difference between a known voltage or current applied to the excitation input of a resistor bridge and the vol...

Страница 88: ...ation include l BrHalf half bridge l BrHalf3W three wire half bridge l BrHalf4W four wire half bridge l BrFull four wire full bridge l BrFull6W six wire full bridge See the CRBasic Editor help for det...

Страница 89: ...Full and BrFull6W Six Wire Full Bridge1 CRBasic Instruction BrFull6W Fundamental Relationship 1 Key Vx excitation voltage V1 V2 sensor return voltages Rf fixed bridge or completion resistor Rs variabl...

Страница 90: ...to obtain the resistance value which requires additional program execution time CRBasic Example 1 Four Wire Full Bridge Measurement and Processing This program example demonstrates the measurement and...

Страница 91: ...excitation include l Resistance Applies an excitation current to a circuit and measures the resistance The maximum excitation current is 2500 A l Resistance3W Makes a three wire resistance measurement...

Страница 92: ...icrostrain from the formula for the specific bridge configuration used All strain gages supported by StrainCalc use the full bridge schematic Quarter bridge half bridge and full bridge refer to the nu...

Страница 93: ...1 Quarter bridge strain gage 2 Half bridge strain gage One gage parallel to strain the other at 90 to strain 3 Half bridge strain gage One gage parallel to the other parallel to 4 Full bridge strain g...

Страница 94: ...quire AC excitation AC excitation is defined as excitation with equal positive and negative duration and magnitude These include electrolytic tilt sensors soil moisture blocks water conductivity senso...

Страница 95: ...1 or V2 in resistance measurements Offset is the same as that for simple analog voltage measurements Assumptions that support the ratiometric accuracy specification include l Data logger is within fac...

Страница 96: ...en the data logger is between program scans In contrast period average measurements use program instructions that only monitor the input signal during a program scan Consequently pulse count scans can...

Страница 97: ...and C terminals are configurable for pulse input to measure counts or frequency Maximum input frequency is dependent on input voltage If pulse input voltages exceed the maximum voltage third party ext...

Страница 98: ...voltage ranging from millivolts at low rotational speeds to several volts at high rotational speeds CRBasic instruction PulseCount See the CRBasic Editor help for detailed instruction information and...

Страница 99: ...y filters bounce Because of the filtering the maximum switch closure frequency is less than the maximum high frequency measurement frequency Sensors that commonly output a switch closure or an open co...

Страница 100: ...sured on U or C terminals Feedback control using pulse width modulation PWM is an example of an edge timing application 6 5 4 1 Single edge timing A single edge or state transition can be measured on...

Страница 101: ...B line As the shaft rotates the A and B lines will generate digital pulses that can be read or counted by the data logger In the following example channel A leads channel B therefore the encoder is d...

Страница 102: ...lsci com crbasic cr6 Counts are the preferred PulseCount output option when measuring the number of tips from a tipping bucket rain gage or the number of times a door opens Many pulse output sensors s...

Страница 103: ...lses The total is 45 pulses for every 10 seconds An average will correctly show 4 5 pulses per second You wouldn t see the reading bounce on the longer time interval 6 6 Vibrating wire measurements Th...

Страница 104: ...a loose wire or when the wire vibration is physically changed by sensor movement VSPECT makes possible the separation of the natural resonant frequency from these other frequencies NOTE The FFT algori...

Страница 105: ...adjusting the BeginFreq and EndFreq parameters in the VibratingWire instruction 6 6 2 2 Rejecting noise More accurate readings can be obtained when the sensor is swept over narrower frequency ranges A...

Страница 106: ...age The default mode of operation is pipeline mode However when the data logger program is compiled the data logger analyzes the program instructions and automatically determines which mode to use The...

Страница 107: ...processing such as transferring variables to control instructions like PortSet and ExciteV may not be completed until the next scan When a condition is true for a task to start it is put in a queue B...

Страница 108: ...e information Best practices for reducing expense include l Declare Public only those variables that need to be public Other variables should be declared as Dim l Be conservative with use of string va...

Страница 109: ...rough the Beacon and Verify settings in the Settings Editor For more information see the Device Configuration Settings Editor Beacon and Verify settings For information on Designing a PakBus network u...

Страница 110: ...lp campbellsci com crbasic cr6 For additional information on Modbus see l About Modbus p 93 l Why Modbus Matters An Introduction l How to Access Live Measurement Data Using Modbus l Using Campbell Sci...

Страница 111: ...tion that is used Modbus can coexist with other types of connections on the same physical interface at the same time You can operate the protocol over several data links and physical layers Modbus is...

Страница 112: ...ter This is analogous to pizza being understood and piz za being gibberish It s important to note that communications hardware used for Modbus RTU such as radios must transfer data as entire packets w...

Страница 113: ...mmunication ports Consideration should be given to proper surge protection of any cabled connection Between systems of significantly different ground potential optical isolation may be appropriate For...

Страница 114: ...rarely used When implementing a system timeouts in the master will need to be adjusted to account for the observed response time of the slaves Campbell Scientific data loggers can be programmed to be...

Страница 115: ...3 04 05 15 and 16 are supported by Campbell Scientific data loggers Most users only require the read register functions Holding registers are read with function code 03 Input registers are read with f...

Страница 116: ...n equipment in the ModbusMaster instruction With 1 based numbering the first data location is referred to as register number 1 Some equipment uses 0 based numbering check the equipment documentation W...

Страница 117: ...e order is also important when communicating data over Modbus Big Endian byte order is the reverse of Little Endian byte order It may not always be apparent which a device uses If you receive garbled...

Страница 118: ...cessing 7 2 8 Modbus tips and troubleshooting Most of the difficulties with Modbus communications arise from deviations from the standards which are not enforced within Modbus Whether you are connecti...

Страница 119: ...ce with an incomplete implementation of Modbus Some devices do not fully implement parsing Modbus commands Instead they are hard coded to respond to certain Modbus messages The result is that the devi...

Страница 120: ...resses available for assignment the data logger will automatically request and obtain an IP address through DHCP Once the address is assigned look in the Settings Editor Ethernet information box to se...

Страница 121: ...e CRBasic Editor help for instructions that support these protocols For additional information on I2C see www i2c bus org 7 6 PakBus communications PakBus is a Campbell Scientific communications proto...

Страница 122: ...DI12Recorder C2 cannot be used for TimerInput PulseCount or WaitDigTrig Transparent mode facilitates sensor setup and troubleshooting It allows commands to be manually issued and the full sensor respo...

Страница 123: ...rt software terminal emulator 1 Press Enter until the data logger responds with the prompt CR6 2 Type SDI12 at the prompt and press Enter 3 In response the query Select SDI12 Port is presented with a...

Страница 124: ...ther commands SDI 12 sensors accept addresses 0 through 9 a through z and A through Z l Command body for example M1 An upper case letter the command followed by alphanumeric qualifiers l Command termi...

Страница 125: ...to behave as an SDI 12 sensor A common use of this feature is to copy data from the data logger to other Campbell Scientific data loggers over a single data wire interface terminal configured for SDI...

Страница 126: ...ame SDI 12 port the resulting power draw would be excessive Spreading sensors over several SDI 12 terminals helps reduce power consumption Table 7 1 Example power use for a network of SDI 12 probes Ti...

Страница 127: ...rograms FAQs specifications and compatibility information for all of our products Video tutorials https www campbellsci com videos and blog articles https www campbellsci com blog are also useful trou...

Страница 128: ...e reference to routinely self calibrate and compensate for changes caused by changing operating temperatures and aging Background calibration calibrates only the coefficients necessary to the running...

Страница 129: ...g security codes see following information under Security Codes l Setting a PakBus TCP password The PakBus TCP password controls access to PakBus communication over a TCP IP link PakBusTCP passwords c...

Страница 130: ...s Editor The preferred methods of enabling security include the following l Device Configuration Utility Security codes are set on the Deployment Datalogger tab l Network Planner Security codes can be...

Страница 131: ...ic PakBus Datalogger 8 2 2 Creating a csipasswd file The data logger employs a security code scheme that includes three levels of security see Data logger security p 111 for more information This sche...

Страница 132: ...and access levels 4 Click Apply The csipasswd file is automatically saved to the data logger CPU drive When a csipasswd file is used the PakBus TCP Password security setting is not used when accessing...

Страница 133: ...placing the data logger in a weather tight enclosure with desiccant and elevating the enclosure above the ground Desiccant in enclosures should be changed periodically WARNING Do not completely seal t...

Страница 134: ...d primary power to the data logger is removed the CRBasic program and most settings are maintained but the following are lost l Run now and run on power up settings l Routing and communication logs re...

Страница 135: ...nternal battery replacement see Data logger calibration p 109 WARNING Any damage made to the data logger during user replacement of the internal battery is not covered under warranty 1 Remove the scre...

Страница 136: ...ntation directly Secondary strikes induce voltage in power lines or wires connected to instrumentation While elaborate expensive and nearly infallible lightning protection systems are on the market Ca...

Страница 137: ...s ports are another path for transients You should provide communications paths such as telephone or short haul modem lines with spark gap protection Spark gap protection is usually an option with the...

Страница 138: ...e the extreme cold constricts the power available from the power supply System operating time for batteries can be estimated by dividing the battery capacity ampere hours by the average system current...

Страница 139: ...e download and double click to run the file This will extract the obj OS file to the C Campbellsci Lib OperatingSystems folder 3 Supply power to the data logger If connecting via USB for the first tim...

Страница 140: ...However this should be done with great caution as updating the OS may reset the data logger settings even settings critical to supporting the telecommunication link 1 Download the latest Operating Sys...

Страница 141: ...is created with a text editor and saved to a memory card or SC115 with the associated files Alternatively the powerup ini file and associated files can be saved to the data logger using the data logg...

Страница 142: ...the data logger and back up your programs before sending a powerup ini file otherwise data may be lost To collect data using LoggerNet connect to your data logger and click Collect Now To backup your...

Страница 143: ...ude or program support file to the specified drive 8 8 2 Example powerup ini files Comments can be added to the file by preceding them with a single quote character All text after the comment mark on...

Страница 144: ...gram from SC115 Flash Memory Drive A program file is carried on an SC115 Flash Memory drive Do not copy program file from SC115 Run program always erase data 13 toobigforcpu CR6 usb Example Always Run...

Страница 145: ...ay increase the dielectric constant of the cable sufficiently to impede sensor signals or it may migrate into the sensor which will damage sensor electronics 3 Check the CRBasic program If the program...

Страница 146: ...xample programs FAQs specifications and compatibility information for all of our products Video tutorials https www campbellsci com videos and blog articles https www campbellsci com blog are also use...

Страница 147: ...or ground connection on the power supply l Numerous PortSet instructions back to back with no delay l High speed serial data on multiple ports with very large data packets or bursts of data The error...

Страница 148: ...ut of bounds Variable out of bounds errors happen when an array is not sized to the demands of the program The data logger attempts to catch out of bounds errors at compile time However it is not alwa...

Страница 149: ...pressed in data tables as the most negative number for a given data type For example the most negative number of data type FP2 is 7999 so NAN for FP2 data will appear in a data table as 7999 If the da...

Страница 150: ...ten has little meaning Data collected from data loggers is stored with time stamps How closely a time stamp corresponds to the actual time a measurement is taken depends on several factors The time st...

Страница 151: ...p reflects the system time rather than the scan time using the DataTime instruction See the CRBasic Editor help for detailed instruction information and program examples https help campbellsci com crb...

Страница 152: ...y card is available when a program is attempting to access the CRD drive 9 4 2 Program compiles but does not run correctly If the program compiles but does not run correctly timing discrepancies may b...

Страница 153: ...features are available for complete or selective reset of data logger memory l Processor reset l Program send reset l Manual data table reset l Formatting memory drives l Full memory reset 9 6 1 Proc...

Страница 154: ...support software File Control Format command 9 6 5 Full memory reset Full memory reset occurs when an operating system is sent to the data logger using Device Configuration Utility or when entering 98...

Страница 155: ...120 9 8 Using terminal mode Table 9 1 p 138 lists terminal mode options With exception of perhaps the C command terminal options are not necessary to routine CR6 operations To enter terminal mode conn...

Страница 156: ...ans to collect data especially over comms Data are dumped as non error checked ASCII 9 Read inloc binary Lists binary form of Public table A Operating system copyright Lists copyright notice and versi...

Страница 157: ...ile Typing REBOOT rapidly will recompile the CR6 program immediately after the last letter T is entered Table memory is retained NOTE When typing REBOOT characters are not echoed printed on terminal s...

Страница 158: ...e probability is higher that a non PakBus character will arrive at the closed serial port thus closing an existing talk through or comms watch session If this occurs use the FileManager setting to sen...

Страница 159: ...SDI 12 sensor is connected and press Enter For example 1 is entered for terminal C1 4 An Entering SDI12 Terminal response indicates that SDI 12 transparent mode is active and ready to transmit SDI 12...

Страница 160: ...ugh Z l Command body for example M1 An upper case letter the command followed by alphanumeric qualifiers l Command termination An exclamation mark An active sensor responds to each command Responses h...

Страница 161: ...d to a common metal chassis such as an instrument tower the structure can create a ground path in parallel to the ground wires in sensor cables running over the structure l Conductors connected to gro...

Страница 162: ...between the two devices When a cable is connected between the two devices at different voltages physics dictates than an electrical current must flow between the two points through the cable See FIGUR...

Страница 163: ...t of DC current than can flow between the two endpoints while keeping the common mode voltage in range of the transceivers The transceivers themselves have enhanced voltage range inputs allowing for g...

Страница 164: ...the path for a ground loop through the soil is greatly reduced Moisture blocks that consist of two parallel plate electrodes are particularly susceptible to ground loop problems Similar considerations...

Страница 165: ...ation Reversal for Voltage Measurements l Voltage Accuracy Self Calibration and Ratiometric Measurements 9 10 1 Deciding between single ended or differential measurements Deciding whether a differenti...

Страница 166: ...priate If sensors require differential measurement but adequate input terminals are not available an analog multiplexer should be acquired to expand differential input capacity Because a single ended...

Страница 167: ...tan thermocouple 1 mV equates to approximately 25 C measurement error l External Signal Conditioner External instruments with integrated signal conditioners such as an infrared gas analyzer IRGA are f...

Страница 168: ...converters produce switching noise or AC ripple as an artifact of the ac to dc rectification process Excessive switching noise on the output side of a power supply can increase measurement noise and...

Страница 169: ...tage Ignoring rejecting or canceling the common mode voltage is an essential feature of the differential input configuration that improves voltage measurements The following image illustrates the comm...

Страница 170: ...As fN1 is set to smaller values random noise in the measurement results decreases while measurement time increases The total time required for a single result includes settling filtering overhead Cons...

Страница 171: ...with PVC insulated conductors PVC has a high dielectric constant which extends input settling time l Where possible run excitation leads and signal leads in separate shields to minimize transients l...

Страница 172: ...True True 1200 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 13 1 mV200 U1 U11 1 2500 True True 1300 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 14 1 mV200 U1 U11 1 2500 True True 1400 15000 1 0 0 BrFull PT 15 1 mV200 U1 U11 1 2500 True True 150...

Страница 173: ...accuracy Accuracy describes the difference between a measurement and the true value Many factors affect accuracy This topic discusses the effect percent of reading offset and resolution have on the a...

Страница 174: ...mV 5 V 0 425 mV 9 10 8 Minimizing offset voltages Voltage offset can be the source of significant error For example an offset of 3 V on a 2500 mV signal causes an error of only 0 00012 but the same o...

Страница 175: ...ults in small thermally induced voltages across junctions of dissimilar metals as are common in electronic devices Differential measurements are more immune to these than are single ended measurements...

Страница 176: ...l option RevDiff When RevDiff is True two differential measurements are made the first with a positive polarity and the second reversed Subtraction of opposite polarity measurements cancels some offse...

Страница 177: ...ent is determined from self calibration When the data logger reverses differential inputs or excitation polarity it delays the same settling time after the reversal as it does before the first sub mea...

Страница 178: ...easurements from the background calibration Disabling RevDiff RevEx or MeasOff speeds up measurement time however the increase in speed comes at the cost of accuracy because of the following l RevDiff...

Страница 179: ...ncountered 10 No file buffer available 11 Filename too long or has bad chars 12 File in path is not a directory 13 Access permission opening DIR or LABEL as file or trying to open file as DIR or mkdir...

Страница 180: ...xceeded before the actual memory of storing files is exceeded When this occurs an Insufficient resources or memory full error is displayed 9 14 Background calibration errors Background calibration err...

Страница 181: ...ings Settings can be accessed from the LoggerNet Connect Screen Datalogger Settings Editor or using Device Configuration Utility Settings Editor tab Clicking on a setting in Device Configuration Utili...

Страница 182: ...noted Error counters for example SkippedRecord may be reset to 0 for troubleshooting purposes l LoggerNet users select DataTableInfo from the Table Monitor list l RTDAQ users click the Monitor Data ta...

Страница 183: ...SkippedScan may be reset to 0 for troubleshooting purposes Status table values may be accessed programatically using SetStatus or Tablename Fieldname syntax For example Variable Status Fieldname For...

Страница 184: ...CardStatus Contains a string with the most recent status information for the removable memory card l String data type 10 2 10 ChargeInput Voltage on the CHG terminals Updates when background calibrat...

Страница 185: ...17 LastSystemScan Reports the time of the of the last auto background calibration which runs in a hidden slow sequence type scan See MaxSystemProcTime SkippedSystemScan and SystemProcTime 10 2 18 Lit...

Страница 186: ...each scan Updated after compile and before running 10 2 24 MeasureTime Reports the time s needed to make measurements in the current scan Calculated at compile time Includes integration and settling...

Страница 187: ...in ms Updates when routes are added or deleted l String data type 10 2 32 PanelTemp Current processor board temperature C Updates once per minute when viewing the Status table or programatically 10 2...

Страница 188: ...er of compile or runtime errors for the running program Updated after compile 10 2 38 ProgName Name of current running program updates at startup l String data type 10 2 39 ProgSignature Signature of...

Страница 189: ...0 2 45 SkippedSystemScan Number of scans skipped in the background calibration Enter 0 to reset See LastSystemScan MaxSystemProcTime and SystemProcTime 10 2 46 StartTime Time date and time the CRBasic...

Страница 190: ...is accessed out of bounds i e accessing an array with a variable index such as arr index arr index 1 where index is a variable Updated at runtime when the error occurs Enter 0 to reset 10 2 53 Watchd...

Страница 191: ...250 kbps Use a higher bit rate if the BusLoad exceeds 75 percent 10 3 2 ModuleReportCount Reports the number of times measurement modules report in to the CPI bus Modules report in on program send or...

Страница 192: ...is not included in the data logger program l Wait Config The module has not yet responded to a data logger attempts to configure it l Config Fail The module could not be configured A configuration err...

Страница 193: ...n this port This setting will also govern the default verification interval if the value of the Verify setting for the associated port is zero If the value of this setting is non zero and the value of...

Страница 194: ...use TTL 0 to 5V voltage levels By default the port will use inverted logic levels Use SerialOpen to configure this port for standard TTL logic levels l LVTTL The port is configured to use Low Voltage...

Страница 195: ...Mismatch Controls the behavior of the data logger when it restarts with a different program and it detects that data files created by the CardOut are present but do not match the new program If this v...

Страница 196: ...P service Default is 0 10 4 15 FTPPassword Specifies the password that is used to log in to the FTP server l String data type 10 4 16 FTPPort Configures the TCP port on which the FTP service is offere...

Страница 197: ...10 4 23 IncludeFile This setting specifies the name of a file to be implicitly included at the end of the current CRBasic program or can be run as the default program In order to work as an include f...

Страница 198: ...ttings specify the IP addresses of the router on the subnet to which the first or second CS I O bridge internet interface is connected The data logger will forward all non local IP packets to this add...

Страница 199: ...r will be configured to act as a PakBus router That is it will be able to forward PakBus packets from one port to another To perform its routing duties a data logger configured as a router will mainta...

Страница 200: ...be chosen such that the address of the device will be unique in the scope of the data logger network Duplication of PakBus addresses can lead to failures and unpredictable behavior in the PakBus netw...

Страница 201: ...cation is similar to that used by CRAM MD5 l String data type 10 4 45 PingEnabled Set to one to enable the ICMP ping service 10 4 46 PCAP PCAP is a packet capture PCAP file of network packet data netw...

Страница 202: ...empty string the default will configure the data logger to listen for incoming PPP connections also without any modem dialing l String data type 10 4 48 pppDialResponse Specifies the response expecte...

Страница 203: ...any routing restrictions State changing message types include set variable table reset file control send file set settings and revert settings If a message is encoded using PakBus encryption the route...

Страница 204: ...alculated by adding the IP Header size 20 bytes the TCP Header size 20 bytes and the payload size 10 4 62 TCPPort Discontinued replaced by aliased to PakBusPort 10 4 63 TelnetEnabled Enables 1 or disa...

Страница 205: ...r identification in the USB enumeration If set to a value of zero the default the data logger will use a fixed serial number in the USB enumeration This behavior controls whether the computer will all...

Страница 206: ...be applied 10 4 72 Verify This setting specifies the interval in units of seconds that will be reported as the link verification interval in the PakBus hello transaction messages It will indirectly g...

Страница 207: ...able 10 4 73 4 RadioHopSeq Specifies the radio channel hop sequence This setting must match in all radios in the same RF network This setting can also be used to prevent radios in one RF network from...

Страница 208: ...ink with no interpretation of the data packet This mode is most commonly used with array based dataloggers and it must be used when communicating with other transparent devices such as the RF407 412 4...

Страница 209: ...on following a period of RF inactivity 4 Second The radio wakes every 4 seconds for a 100 msec interval to listen for RF activity It will transmit a 4200 msec wakeup header with the first transmission...

Страница 210: ...Read only Where to find l Settings Editor tab in Device Configuration Utility Radio RFSignalLevel first number 10 4 73 13 RadioRSSIAddr Indicates the PakBus address of the RadioRSSI signal radio l Lo...

Страница 211: ...is very important that the TX power level selected and the gain of the attached antenna do not exceed the maximum allowed ERP permitted by local laws These rules vary from region to region l Long dat...

Страница 212: ...tab in Device Configuration Utility RF451 RF Data Rate 10 4 74 3 RadioDiag Provides diagnostics data to be viewed at the Master in parallel with application data The diagnostic program MUST be run fro...

Страница 213: ...peater to use a Frequency Key other than that of the Master This is a setting that is only used by Repeaters The conditions where this is useful is when there are parallel Repeaters in a network and y...

Страница 214: ...requency Zone 16 926 8992 to 927 8208 MHz l Long data type Where to find l Settings Editor tab in Device Configuration Utility RF451 Frequency Zone 1 16 10 4 74 9 RadioHopSize Defines how many separat...

Страница 215: ...the RadioPacketRepeat setting is set on the Master Radio of the network to a value at least as large as this value l Long data type Where to find l Settings Editor tab in Device Configuration Utility...

Страница 216: ...ize must be set identically in all transceivers l Long data type Where to find l Settings Editor tab in Device Configuration Utility RF451 Min Packet Size 10 4 74 14 RadioMMSync This setting is reserv...

Страница 217: ...a Master to Slave configuration Before the transceivers can operate together they must be set up to properly communicate In a Point to Point configuration Master or Slave Mode may be used on either en...

Страница 218: ...values If a Slave receives a good packet from a Master more than once it will discard the repeated packets Similarly once a MultiPoint Repeater receives a good packet from the Master it will discard a...

Страница 219: ...empt to transmit to the Master at the same time Therefore it is important that a protocol exists to resolve contention for the Master between Slaves This is addressed through RadioSlaveRetry and Radio...

Страница 220: ...at the same time preventing errant disconnects due to interference from neighboring networks While intended primarily for MultiPoint networks the RadioRetryTimeout setting may also be modified in Poi...

Страница 221: ...ed to connect directly to the Master will need their RX ID set to same value as the Master radio TX ID If the Master radio is set to its default value of 15 the slave or repeaters that need to connect...

Страница 222: ...justed so as not to exceed the FCC limit 36 dBm Note that lower transmit power can be used to conserve battery power if the required range allows it l Long data type Where to find l Settings Editor ta...

Страница 223: ...is the final in the line of communication and does not use a subnet ID A Multipoint Slave with a Subnet ID of 15 15 0xF 0xF does not roam from one Repeater or network to the next it only links to a M...

Страница 224: ...for the WiFi interface l String data type 10 4 75 4 WiFiChannel This setting is only applicable when the device is configured to create a network Configuration It then specifies in which channel the n...

Страница 225: ...joining an Enterprise Security enabled network enter user name here l String data type 10 4 75 9 Networks Lists the networks available in the area Information listed for each network is shown as SSID...

Страница 226: ...digits 0 9 A F l String data type 10 4 75 13 WiFiPowerMode This setting controls the power saving mode of the device Regardless of the Power Mode setting the device enables power save mode when commun...

Страница 227: ...75 17 WLANDomainName The WLAN Domain Name is only relevant when the device is configured to create a network When attempting to communicate with the device attached Wi Fi client devices can simply us...

Страница 228: ...log measurements specifications 216 11 6 Pulse measurement specifications 221 11 7 Digital input output specifications 222 11 8 Communications specifications 224 11 9 Standards compliance specificatio...

Страница 229: ...nsions 21 0 x 10 2 x 5 6 cm 8 3 x 4 0 x 2 2 in additional clearance required for cables wires and antennas For CAD files see CR6 Images and CAD 2D Drawings Weight Mass l CR6 0 42 kg 0 92 lb l CR6 WIFI...

Страница 230: ...ting data logger settings and making some measurements If USB is the only power source then the CS I O port and the 12V and SW12 terminals will not be operational When powered by USB no other power su...

Страница 231: ...on at 12 VDC RF407 RF412 RF427 RF422 RF451 Transmit 80 mA 20 mA 650 mA maximum Idle On 12 mA 9 5 mA 15 mA maximum Idle 0 5 s Power Mode 4 mA 3 5 mA NA Idle 1 s Power Mode 3 mA 2 mA NA Idle 4 s Power M...

Страница 232: ...power output Operating at the current limit is OK if voltage fluctuation can be tolerated Drive capacity is determined by the logic level of the VDC supply and the output resistance Ro of the U termi...

Страница 233: ...e and current excitation When used for resistance measurement excitation is active only during measurement 11 4 5 1 Voltage excitation Terminals U1 U12 Range 2500 mV Resolution 0 6 mV Voltage Excitati...

Страница 234: ...gurable for voltage thermocouple thermistor current loop ratiometric static vibrating wire and period average measurements using a 24 bit ADC One channel at a time is measured 11 5 1 Voltage measureme...

Страница 235: ...will not cause over range 2 Typical effective resolution ER in bits computed from ratio of full scale range to RMS resolution 3 50 60 corresponds to rejection of 50 and 60 Hz ac power mains noise Accu...

Страница 236: ...half bridge circuits using voltage excitation or for direct resistance measurements using current excitation Excitation polarity reversal is available to minimize dc error Typically at least one termi...

Страница 237: ...imum Frequency kHz 0 1 500 10 2 5 200 1 2 5 50 2 10 50 2 12 5 10 2 62 8 3 64 2 2 100 5 See also Period averaging measurements p 77 11 5 4 Static vibrating wire measurement specifications Up to 6 stati...

Страница 238: ...fications The data logger makes current loop measurements by measuring across a current sense resistor associated with the RS 485 resistive ground terminal NOTE Resistance to ground input for non isol...

Страница 239: ...Count SDI12Recorder WaitDigTrig For example if C1 is used for SDI12Recorder C2 cannot be used for TimerInput PulseCount or WaitDigTrig Pulse Event Transition from logic low to logic high Terminal Pair...

Страница 240: ...tal I O control or state function DC offset rejection Internal AC coupling eliminates DC offset voltages up to 0 05 VDC Input Hysteresis 12 mV at 1 Hz Low Level AC Pulse Input Ranges for U Terminals S...

Страница 241: ...odd 20 mA 3 5V 20 mA 1 85V U even 10 mA 3 5V 10 mA 1 85V 11 7 1 Switch closure input Terminals C1 C4 U1 U12 Resistance Configurable in terminal pairs with 100 k pull up or pull down Maximum Input Freq...

Страница 242: ...cations A data logger is normally part of a two way conversation started by a computer In applications with some types of interfaces the data logger can also initiate the call callback when needed In...

Страница 243: ...ry interface for communications between Campbell Scientific data loggers and Campbell Scientific CDM peripheral devices It consists of a physical layer definition and a data protocol Antenna Connectio...

Страница 244: ...z Transmit Power Output software selectable l RF407 and RF412 5 to 250 mW l RF422 2 to 25 mW l RF427 5 to 250 mW l RF451 10 mW to 1 000 mW Channel Capacity l RF407 Eight 25 channel hop sequences shari...

Страница 245: ...d RF per IEC 61000 4 3 10 V m 80 1000 MHz o EFT per IEC 61000 4 4 4 kV power 4 kV I O o Surge per IEC 61000 4 5 4 kV power 4kV I O o Conducted RF per IEC 61000 4 6 10 V power 10 V I O l Emissions and...

Страница 246: ...1TT l Industry Canada IC 2329B AMM0921TT WIFI Option l United States FCC ID XF6 RS9113SB l Industry Canada IC 8407A RS9113SB NOTE The user is responsible for emissions if changing the antenna type or...

Страница 247: ...allowed neighbor list is a list of neighbors with which a device will communicate If a device address is entered in an allowed neighbor list a hello exchange will be initiated with that device Any dev...

Страница 248: ...s as a series of zeros and ones For the data to be read correctly the receiving device must begin reading at the proper point in the series In asynchronous communication this coordin ation is accompli...

Страница 249: ...ff BOOL8 A one byte data type that holds eight bits 0 or 1 of information BOOL8 uses less space than the 32 bit BOOLEAN data type boolean Name given a function the result of which is either true or fa...

Страница 250: ...l data from memory cards and convert the data to ASCII or other formats CD100 An optional enclosure mounted keyboard display for use with data loggers CDM CPI CPI is a proprietary interface for commun...

Страница 251: ...lly in CRBasic command line One line in a CRBasic program Maximum length even with the line continuation char acters space underscore _ is 512 characters A command line usually consists of one program...

Страница 252: ...ed a fixed number control I O C terminals configured for controlling or monitoring a device CoraScript CoraScript is a command line interpreter associated with LoggerNet data logger support software C...

Страница 253: ...ved from the neighbor list D DAC Digital to analog conversion The process that translates digital voltage levels to analog values data bits Number of bits used to describe the data and fit between the...

Страница 254: ...red in data output processing memory to await the output trigger The ultimate destination of data generated by data output processing instructions is usually final storage memory but the CRBasic progr...

Страница 255: ...null modem cable desiccant A hygroscopic material that absorbs water vapor from the surrounding air When placed in a sealed enclosure such as a data logger enclosure it prevents condensation Device C...

Страница 256: ...e with the data logger it denotes the pin configuration gender and function of an RS 232 port The RS 232 port on the data logger is DCE Attachment of a null modem cable to a DCE device effectively con...

Страница 257: ...ally to a resistive bridge circuit execution interval The time interval between initiating each execution of a given Scan of a CRBasic pro gram If the Scan Interval is evenly divisible into 24 hours 8...

Страница 258: ...t are included as part of the DataTable declaration File Control File Control is a feature of LoggerNet PC400 PC200W Device Configuration Utility and RTDAQ data logger support software It provides a v...

Страница 259: ...provides three or four significant digits of resolution and requires half the memory as IEEE4 frequency domain Frequency domain describes data graphed on an X Y plot with frequency as the X axis VSPEC...

Страница 260: ...in connection with subroutines differentiating global variables those declared using Public or Dim from local variables which are declared in the Sub and Function instructions ground Being or related...

Страница 261: ...a neighbor hertz SI unit of frequency Cycles or pulses per second HTML Hypertext Markup Language Programming language used for the creation of web pages HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol A TCP IP appli...

Страница 262: ...Used to initiate measurements and store the results in input storage or to set or read con trol logic ports instruction Usually refers to a CRBasic command integer A number written without a fraction...

Страница 263: ...te ground paths and may filter some electromagnetic noise Campbell Scientific offers optically isol ated RS 232 to CS I O interfaces as an accessory for use on the CS I O port J JSON Java Script Objec...

Страница 264: ...re declared in the Sub and Function instructions from global variables which are declared using Public or Dim LoggerLink Mobile applications that allow a mobile device to communicate with IP wi fi or...

Страница 265: ...as opposed to occurring under pro gram control mass storage device A mass storage device may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device The term is commonly used to describe USB mass storage d...

Страница 266: ...ble device useful in troubleshooting data acquisition sys tem faults multiplier A term often a parameter in a CRBasic measurement instruction that designates the slope aka scaling factor or gain in a...

Страница 267: ...e parent node entered as child nodes A node can be both a parent and a child NSEC Eight byte data type divided up as four bytes of seconds since 1990 and four bytes of nanoseconds into the second null...

Страница 268: ...written CRBasic programs The operating system is preloaded into the data logger at the factory but can be re loaded or upgraded by you using Device Configuration Utility software The most recent data...

Страница 269: ...t to True output processing memory SRAM memory automatically allocated for intermediate calculations performed by CRBasic data output processing instructions Data output processing memory cannot be mo...

Страница 270: ...l period average A measurement technique using a high frequency digital clock to measure time dif ferences between signal transitions Sensors commonly measured with period average include water conten...

Страница 271: ...Printers dumb terminals and computers in a terminal mode fall in this category print peripheral Any device capable of receiving output over pin 6 the PE line in a receive only mode Printers dumb term...

Страница 272: ...ort plateau and a rapid voltage decrease R ratiometric Describes a type of measurement or a type of math Ratiometric usually refers to an aspect of resistive bridge measurements either the measurement...

Страница 273: ...esolution The smallest interval measurable ring line Ring line is pulled high by an external device to notify the data logger to commence com munications Ring line is pin 3 of the CS I O port ring mem...

Страница 274: ...ther routers to build the network routing system RS 232 Recommended Standard 232 A loose standard defining how two computing devices can communicate with each other The implementation of RS 232 in Cam...

Страница 275: ...e A fine wire thermocouple which changes out put quickly with changes in temperature is more likely to have a high frequency response SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition scan interval The t...

Страница 276: ...ses small correctable voltage offsets in data logger measurement circuitry semaphore Measurement semaphore In sequential mode when the main scan executes it locks the resources associated with measure...

Страница 277: ...units of measure signature A number which is a function of the data and the sequence of data in memory It is derived using an algorithm that assures a 99 998 probability that if either the data or th...

Страница 278: ...tocol A TCP IP application protocol SNP Snapshot file SP Space SPI Serial Peripheral Interface a clocked synchronous interface used for short distance com munications generally between embedded device...

Страница 279: ...g at the proper point in the series In synchronous communication this coordin ation is accomplished by synchronizing the transmitting and receiving devices to a com mon clock signal see also asynchron...

Страница 280: ...ows OS terminal Point at which a wire or wires connects to a wiring panel or connector Wires are usually secured in terminals by screw or lever and spring actuated gates with small screw or spring loa...

Страница 281: ...ion time domain Time domain describes data graphed on an X Y plot with time on the X axis Time series data is in the time domain TLS Transport Layer Security An Internet communication security protoco...

Страница 282: ...r ac dc wall adapter a charge con troller and a rechargeable battery URI Uniform Resource Identifier URL Uniform Resource Locator user program The CRBasic program written by you in Short Cut program w...

Страница 283: ...trademark for Campbell Scientific s proprietary spectral analysis fre quency domain vibrating wire measurement technique W watchdog timer An error checking system that examines the processor state so...

Страница 284: ...ditions During extraordinary weather events however seals on the enclosure may be breached web API Application Programming Interface wild card A character or expression that substitutes for any other...

Страница 285: ...3 0 1 56 45 15 20 info campbellsci fr www campbellsci fr Germany Location Phone Email Website Bremen Germany 49 0 421 460974 0 info campbellsci de www campbellsci de India Location Phone Email Website...

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