15
IMPROVEMENT OPTIONS
1.
Install the waterer with an insulated thermal break between the waterer and the concrete foundation to prevent transmitting
heat to the floor.
2.
Install the waterer over a 12- to 20-inch tile extending from the waterer base to below the frost line.
3.
Buy well-insulated waterers with lids when replacing old units.
4.
Take special care in selecting new waterers so that the drinking area size is matched to the type and numbers of animals
being served.
5.
Be sure that electric service wires are of the proper size to ensure maximum efficiency.
6.
Insulate electric heat tapes.
7.
Make sure that all electric waterers are properly grounded to prevent leakage and to enhance safety.
8.
Make sure that water lines serving the waterers are the correct size to minimize energy.
OPTIMAL WATER TEMPERATURE: A recent study at Kansas State University examined the effect of water temperature on animal per-
formance and compared electric costs for water heating.
The test results showed no difference in daily water intake, feed intake, daily gain or feed efficiency with different water temperatures.
Heating the water above 40 degrees increased cost of production, yet failed to improve the performance of the cattle. It appeared that
the amount of water consumed by the animals was more dictated by daily minimum ambient air temperature than by the temperature
of the drinking water.