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7.2. OUTPUT
In practice, combustion is all about loss. This entails:
Ÿ
Loss through excess heat leaving the chimney, rather than going into the room.
Ÿ
Loss through insuffi cient combustion, such as CO (carbon monoxide) and soot
particles.
Ÿ
Loss through excessive unburnt fuel in the ash.
The rate at which fuel can burn completely is called the output. A well-stoked
fi re achieves output of 75% and thus falls into the category of high-output/low
emissions fi res. This means that you benefi t directly by using less wood to achieve
the same level of heat. The environment benefi ts as well: a well-stoked, high-
output appliance means less pollution and fewer odours.
Adverse effects on the output are:
Ÿ
Burning the fi re with the door open. A warm chimney works in the same way as
an extractor. When the door is open, the chimney draws in much more air than
is necessary for combustion. This relatively cool air cools down the fi re.
Ÿ
Excessive chimney draught. The combustion air does not reach the fuel, but
leaves the appliance via the chimney. The fi re cools and the combustion quality
decreases.
Ÿ
Using too much wood. This is a problem if your fi tted fi re is too small. In that
case, it becomes overloaded and burns more wood than heat emitted. In this
case too the fuel cannot burn completely. More to the point, there is not enough
air to mix with the fl ames. This has an extra impact on the environment.
Ÿ
Admitting too much air under the fuel (primary air slides). Combustion is raised
to high intensity (like a blacksmith’s fi re). Combustion really needs time. If
combustion is too intense, there is insuffi cient time for the fi re to radiate all the
heat. The chimney will become excessively hot and the same will be true of the
escaping smoke. This heat is thus lost.
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