Aphex Compellor 320D Скачать руководство пользователя страница 8

320D

Compellor

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Page 9

circuit.  They thought that all audio processors should be noticeable.  We had to explain that 

the  unit  was  in  fact  working,  and  we  asked  them  to  listen  to  their  mixes  with  and  without 

the Compellor.  After they did that, they were amazed at the results. Meanwhile, broadcast-

ers were discovering the Compellor. They found it greatly enhanced their air chains.  The 

Compellor soon won the favor of broadcasters internationally.

Some owners may be interested in how the Compellor was first developed. The story begins 

in Hawaii in 1982 when Donn Werrbach, a consulting broadcast engineer, undertook to design 

an advanced AGC unit for on-air processing to improve the sound of radio stations.  Werrbach 

had been experimenting with broadcast audio processing for many years but needed to find a 

good enough VCA (voltage controlled amplifier chip) to fully implement all the new processing 

techniques he had discovered.  A chance contact with Boyd Collings, who was then the Aphex 

agent in Honolulu, introduced Werrbach to the type 1537A VCA chip which was produced and 

sold by Aphex.  Given a free sample, a couple of weeks time, and the inspiration brought by 

the VCA’s fabulous performance, Werrbach produced the first Compellor prototype.

Werrbach’s prototype found its way not only into on-air trials but into a tape duplicating lab, 

an album recording studio, and several live showrooms where it quickly proved its usefulness 

as a gain controller without processing artifacts.  At Boyd’s urging, Aphex’s product manager 

Jon Sanserino visited Honolulu and auditioned Werrbach’s prototype at the Audissey record-

ing studio where he was intrigued by its possibilities.  Finally, in 1983, an agreement was 

reached between Werrbach and Marvin Caesar, the president of Aphex Systems, to produce 

the Compellor as a product line.  

The first unit rolled off the line in 1984 as the Aphex Model 300 Stereo Compellor.  Patents 

were secured for key inventions of the Compellor circuitry and are assigned exclusively to 

Aphex Systems.  

As a premier product line, Aphex decided to build the Model 300 to the highest commercial 

standards including only the best available parts and construction techniques.  As a result, 

not only is the audio processing performance outstanding, but the reliability and long lifetime 

of the product was assured.  Thousands of Model 300’s are still in constant use today, some 

with as much as 19 years of duty under 24-hour service!  

The next models introduced were the Models 301 and 303 based on the Model 300 design.  

The Model 301 was a single channel version, while the Model 303 was a Model 301 with an 

Aural Exciter (tm) added.  These models are also still in widespread use.

In 1991, Aphex released the Model 320 Dual/Stereo Compellor as an updated replacement 

for the Model 300 Stereo Compellor.  The principle functions were retained but many improve-

ments were implemented as well as new convenience features to make the Compellor even 

easier to install and use.  One such improvement was the conversion to a new and improved 

proprietary VCA chip, the Aphex VCA1001, to replace the now obsolete 1537A.  The great 

success of the model 320 soon led to the Model 323 single channel Compellor with Aural 

Exciter to replace the older Models 301 and 303. 

3. Introduction

The Compellor has become the world standard audio level controller.  

Understandably, we are very proud of that fact!

Содержание Compellor 320D

Страница 1: ...er with Analog Digital I O Manual P N 999 4260 Revision 1 09 30 03 Copyright 2003 Aphex Systems Ltd All rights reserved Printed in U S A Written and produced by Donn Werrbach Compellor 320D Compellor...

Страница 2: ...mful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the o...

Страница 3: ...onnector 4 11 Reference Level Setting 4 12 Input Connections 4 12 1 Analog 4 2 2 Digital 4 13 Output Connections 4 13 1 Analog 4 13 2 Digital 4 14 Summary 5 Specifications Page 14 5 1A Analog Inputs 5...

Страница 4: ...pressor Function 8 6 DRC 8 7 DVG 8 8 Silence Gate 8 9 Stereo Enhance 8 10 Stereo Linking 8 11 Meter Selection 8 12 Limiter 8 13 Process Balance 8 14 Drive Control 8 15 Output Control 8 16 Process Swit...

Страница 5: ...Page 5...

Страница 6: ...to 0 NOTE This switch only affects the analog I O The digital input is internally calibrated and is guaranteed to match 20dBFS to 0VU on the Compellor s meter 4 Set the Process Balance to 12 o clock...

Страница 7: ...changes were wide ranging Now imagine these things without any background swells pinched voices or holes punched by a transient hitting the limiter If you can then you realize just a few things the Co...

Страница 8: ...t the Audissey record ing studio where he was intrigued by its possibilities Finally in 1983 an agreement was reached between Werrbach and Marvin Caesar the president of Aphex Systems to produce the C...

Страница 9: ...h the FDL Compellors became even more transparent and useful than ever before Now in 2003 as this manual is being written the Compellor is still the most advanced and effective audio level controller...

Страница 10: ...ugh the transparent fuse cover on the rear of the chassis AC Line power is supplied to the unit via an integral receptacle fuse holder on the rear panel This receptacle meets the various international...

Страница 11: ...space which severely restricts air ventilation around the unit such as a totally sealed rack enclosure unless you can provide an empty rack space above and below the unit to facilitate cooling Typical...

Страница 12: ...ia that define operating levels according to a maxi mum level rather than an average level we have found the 10dBV position most often pro vides the correct match 4 12 Input Connections 4 12 1 Analog...

Страница 13: ...escribed for input wiring Refer to Appendix 1 for complete details about wiring and interfacing to other equipment 4 13 2 Digital The AES EBU output conforms to the 110 ohm standard using a 3 pin XLR...

Страница 14: ...V ref 10 Max level out unbal 20dBu ref 4 10 8dBV ref 10 5 2B DIGITAL OUTPUTS Connector 3 pin XLR male Type transformer balanced Impedance 110 ohms 5 3 AUDIO Frequency response 1dB 10Hz to 65KHz Hum no...

Страница 15: ...ram dependent Leveler fast 3 Sec Leveler slow 10 Sec Limiter 200 mSec 5 9 DIGITAL AUDIO Input SR Locks to 44 1 48 88 2 96kHz 3 I O Type AES EBU 110 ohms XLR Default Output SR User definable by replaci...

Страница 16: ...evel of the digital audio source to the 0dB reference within the Compellor circuits The digital audio now looks as if its 20dBFS level is the same as the nominal operating level of an analog input Pro...

Страница 17: ...Hz crystal already installed and a kit of extra crystals for the sample rates of 32 44 1 and 96kHz is packed inside each 320D If you need to change the 320D s default sample rate use the following pro...

Страница 18: ...in better signal to noise performance in the recording medium 7 3 Mixing Layering elements within a mix so that each sits in its own pocket not interfering with other elements is a critical part of as...

Страница 19: ...playing from a juke box and the selections all have different levels one speaker in a confer ence room trying to shout down a more soft spoken individual The Compellor controls the level variations wi...

Страница 20: ...k to average ratio e g a live news broadcast it speeds its release time Segues between program and commercials are much smoother Another complaint made to cable systems is the difference of levels cha...

Страница 21: ...d be nice to have a way to even out those levels so the on air segues will always be smooth and fat The Compellor can do that without adding artifacts across the whole inven tory of titles Simply tran...

Страница 22: ...ain controller This means that it responds to the aver age power level of the audio signal much as the ear hears the loudness or relative volume level It constantly but slowly adjusts the VCA gain att...

Страница 23: ...gue without resorting to excessive compression effects 8 7 DVG The dynamic verification gate continuously detects the Compellor s processed VCA output signal and computes the historical average of pea...

Страница 24: ...ndicate the meter mode as the selector is repeatedly depressed to cycle through the selections Selection 1 displays the Compellor s incoming signal level Selection 2 shows the Compellor s output level...

Страница 25: ...rotary switch for each channel selects the normal operating level for the Compellor You can chose 10dBV 4dBu and 8dBu as the reference level This switch sets the dynamic range of the Compellor s circ...

Страница 26: ...duction if any The amount of gain reduc tion contributed by compression is inferred from the remainder of gain reduction indicated above the red dot If all gain reduction is due to compression then th...

Страница 27: ...ted above EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN DAMAGES Aphex Systems liability for any defective unit is limited to the repair or replacement of said unit at our option and shall not include damages of any other kind...

Страница 28: ...teach you about the principles of balanced and unbalanced lines wiring standards and how to effectively interface them Standards Professional audio equipment usually comes equipped with inputs and ou...

Страница 29: ...ment grounds are connected to power outlet grounds and there can be a sig nificant difference of ac voltage between alternating wall outlet grounds For this reason unbalanced sys tems can sometimes ne...

Страница 30: ...the socket That may reduce the ground current generated by the internal electronics of the offending gear Redirect Ground Loops Sometimes it just comes down to brute force ground ing That means provi...

Страница 31: ...good common sense engineering practice which is what you would expect from us course Unfortunately many prod ucts are designed so that the noisy currents from the shield drain into signal ground inste...

Страница 32: ...o balanced inputs is ultimately simple and the same cable will work for all flavors of output stages Connecting a balanced output to an unbalanced input requires a little more knowledge and care You s...

Страница 33: ...ment together Preferred for Line Levels Shield grounded at receiving end only Positives Stops ground loops and reduces noise Negatives None OK Standard store bought cable Shield is grounded at both en...

Страница 34: ...Outputs Used on the 207 Mono Phone Plug Female XLR SIMPLIFIED SCHEMATIC Don t Ground or Connect Pin 3 Ground Pin 3 Directly to Pin 1 Alternatively Carry Pin 3 Through Twisted Pair Cable and Ground at...

Страница 35: ...S Phone Plug Stereo TRS Phone Plug Standard Method Standard Cable Guitar Cord Mono TS Phone Plug Stereo TRS Phone Plug Enhanced Method Pseudo Balanced Advantage Reduced Hum and Noise Pickup Mono TS Ph...

Страница 36: ...rence an assumption is made of an average reference level For peak referenced systems such as the 6dBu German system the average program level will reside far below the reference level typically 10 to...

Страница 37: ...eaks hardly ever exceed 8dBFS These discrepancies reveal the widespread problem of misunderstanding the technology COMPELLOR TO THE RESCUE A Compellor can make necessary corrections to the average lev...

Страница 38: ...he same However since sound waves are complex their peak to average ratio varies depending on the sound characteristics and that ratio can vary from 3dB to as much as 15dB So in the real world peak an...

Страница 39: ...indicate the peak levels of the audio In VU meter practice audio electronics must be designed to have sufficient peak headroom to allow safe passage of all unseen audio peaks To allow this at least 20...

Страница 40: ...meters have emerged with instant peak response no peak integration like the PPM with 0dB at the very top of the scale The new scale is called dBFS dB referred to full scale This allows you to accurate...

Страница 41: ...Dominator pair is the best audio packaging system there is for effectiveness and sonic trans parency Handling Codecs Digital STL s Studio Transmitter Links The Ideal Audio Package Digital audio that i...

Страница 42: ...le or add an external attenuator to the coder s analog input to get the 20dBFS digital reference conver sion Reducing the Compellor s analog output gain will not solve the problem because it will also...

Страница 43: ...Page 43...

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