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CHAPTER 5 Index

Ag/AgCl reference electrode

parts, 29
standard electrode potential, 12

auxiliary electrode, 5
detection limit, 7
flow cell volume, 11
HyREF

installation, 16
reference electrode potential, 14

I/E converter, 5

installation

micro flow cell, 21

installation

flow cell, 16

ISAAC

installation, 16
reference electrode potential, 12

maintenance

cotton wool frit, 29
HyREF, 26
ISAAC, 26
salt bridge, 27
working electrode, 30

micro flow cell

installation, 21

parts

Ag/AgCl reference electrode, 29

polishing, 26, 31
reference electrode, 5, 12
salt bridge, 14

installation, 18

signal-to-noise ratio, 7
spacer thickness, 9
three-electrode configuration, 5
voltage clamp, 5
warranty, 5

working electrode, 5, 6
working electrode diameter, 9
working potential limits, 7

Содержание VT-03

Страница 1: ...31 71 5813333 info AntecScientific com https AntecScientific com Antec Scientific Industrieweg 12 2382 NV Zoeterwoude The Netherlands VT 03 Electrochemical Flow cell User manual 110 0010 Edition 9 201...

Страница 2: ...word and device and Whatrnan word only are trademarks of Whatman lnternational Ltd SOLVENT IFD and AQUEOUS IFD are trademarks of Arbor Technologies Inc Clarity DataApex are trademarks of DataApex Ltd...

Страница 3: ...ectrode 12 Salt bridge Ag AgCl reference electrode 14 HyREF reference electrode 14 Installation 16 VT 03 flow cell with HyREF or ISAAC 16 VT 03 flow cell with salt bridge REF 18 VT 03 micro flow cell...

Страница 4: ...flow cell The upper part the inlet block is separated from the working electrode block by means of a gasket spacer not shown The VT 03 electrochemical flow cell has been developed for ultra trace ana...

Страница 5: ...ich is kept at virtual ground the electrochemical reaction takes place i e electrons are transferred at the WE This results in an electrical current to the I E converter which is a special type of ope...

Страница 6: ...electro chemically inert material Furthermore to avoid an irregular flow profile over the electrode it should have a very well defined surface Finally it is important that the analyte of interest can...

Страница 7: ...rodes Glassy carbon and platinum have the highest positive potential limits and are therefore often used in oxidative ECD For negative potentials the use of platinum electrodes is limited by the ease...

Страница 8: ...with 2 74 mm WE is shown In this example the concentration detection limit for norepinephrine based on three times the sigma noise is 11 pmol l see Table II for conditions Expressing the performance...

Страница 9: ...cell is primarily based on the HPLC column diameter Table III This way the best possible detection limit for a standard microbore or capillary column is warranted The recommended combinations are givi...

Страница 10: ...2 3 Decreasing the spacer thickness is limited by an increased pressure drop over the flow cell which eventually will lead to an obstruction of the flow The minimum spacer thickness available is 25 m...

Страница 11: ...Table IV Flow cell volume WE diameter mm 3 00 2 74 2 54 2 00 1 90 1 00 0 75 0 50 spacer m cell volume l 25 0 18 0 15 0 13 0 08 0 07 0 020 0 011 0 005 50 0 35 0 29 0 25 0 16 0 14 0 039 0 022 0 010 120...

Страница 12: ...e standard electrode potential of the Ag AgCl electrode in 1 0 mol l Cl solution for the following half reaction is defined as E0 AgCl s e Ag s Cl E0 0 222 V The potential of the REF is dependent from...

Страница 13: ...5 414 224 The addition of chloride to the mobile phase has a few restrictions For example the ISAAC is not recommended at a high working potential 1 2 V vs Ag AgCl in 2 mmol l KCl because Cl is oxidis...

Страница 14: ...chloride for similar reasons HyREF reference electrode The HyREF is a hydrogen reference electrode its potential depends on the pH of the mobile phase The HyREF is fully comparable with the standard A...

Страница 15: ...rent pH values Table VI Measured cell potential HyREF Ag AgCl versus pH PH EHyREF Ag AgCl mV 3 3 232 6 2 130 7 5 90 11 8 0 So if an Ag AgCl REF is replaced by a HyREF the pH effect must be taken into...

Страница 16: ...nd eventually the cell itself Also be aware that the black marks on both blocks should be in line This ensures the best performance For instructions about assembling the cell refer to page 20 Fig 8 In...

Страница 17: ...ers may cause serious damage Again see above do not over tighten the fingertight 4 Turn on the HPLC pump Keep some tissues at hand as you probably will spill some mobile phase during this mounting pro...

Страница 18: ...ver tightening of the bolts strongly deteriorates the S N ratio and eventually the cell itself Also be aware that the black marks on both blocks should be in line This ensures the best performance For...

Страница 19: ...through the tubing turbulence and decreases the flow cell performance 4 Connect 0 5 mm ID PEEK tubing to the outlet of the flow cell Use only our factory supplied fingertights in the flow cell others...

Страница 20: ...cell is only partly or not at all filled with buffer the outside of the flow cell is wet particularly the part between the auxiliary and working electrode connection because substantial damage to the...

Страница 21: ...In that case both blocks WE and inlet block have an edge groove to facilitate the metal ring and are fixed in the metal ring to align the inlet in the centre of the WE Fig 13 Disassembled VT 03 micro...

Страница 22: ...ce the metal ring on the WE block Make sure that you hold the metal ring horizontally when pushing it onto the block Subsequently gently place the 25 m spacer on top of the WE block with bolds using a...

Страница 23: ...arkers on the sides of the blocks should now be aligned in vertical position Fig 16 Positioning the inlet block on top of the WE block Fig 17 Inlet block positioned on top of WE electrode note that bl...

Страница 24: ...umns 1 mm ID fused silica columns as a standard Use proper eye and skin protection when working with solvents If the capillary connection has already been installed properly continue with step 11 If n...

Страница 25: ...plets must come out Otherwise replace with new piece of 100 um FS tubing Note that both endings of the supplied FS capillary are cut and polished 2 If the capillary is open first switch off the pump a...

Страница 26: ...e and sleeve connected to the column 11 Connect the other end of the capillary connector as shown in Fig 20 Use either a ferrule with sleeve Fig 20B or couple to the capillary column using the connect...

Страница 27: ...gher flow rate After filling the column is reconnected Be careful not to include air bubbles Never switch ON the flow cell when the cell cable is not correctly connected the cell is only partly or not...

Страница 28: ...de is done by polishing the reference electrode surface until the shining metal appears Fig 22A Immediately after polishing the electrode is coated by applying a few drops of the reference electrode s...

Страница 29: ...o the salt bridge will lead to instability of the three electrode configuration Because of their extreme compressibility changes in conductivity and the ionic equilibrium of the REF occur This increas...

Страница 30: ...1 Turn the cell OFF on the controller 2 Stop the HPLC pump 3 Disconnect the cell from the controller 4 Remove the REF from the inlet block 5 Disassemble the REF by unscrewing the black swivel 6 Fig 23...

Страница 31: ...REF cap for storage and shipment 2 Vyton ring large 3 Salt bridge 4 Vyton ring small 5 Ag AgCl electrode fitting 6 Swivel for REF Maintenance of the cotton wool frit Use proper eye and skin protection...

Страница 32: ...the cotton wool frit immersed in a saturated KCl solution to prevent drying out Working electrode Cleaning of the working electrode block is necessary if the electrode surface has been electrochemical...

Страница 33: ...unt a few drops is sufficient of slurry on the wetted polishing disc and polish the electrode with a figure 8 motion for about one minute Apply only gentle pressure 4 Clean the electrode with an ethan...

Страница 34: ...34 VT03 flow cell user manual ed 8 C H A P T E R 5 Index...

Страница 35: ...cell 16 ISAAC installation 16 reference electrode potential 12 maintenance cotton wool frit 29 HyREF 26 ISAAC 26 salt bridge 27 working electrode 30 micro flow cell installation 21 parts Ag AgCl refer...

Страница 36: ......

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