Allied Telesis WebSmart AT-FS750/24POE, Руководство по установке, Страница: 29 / 64

AT-FS750/24POE Fast Ethernet WebSmart Switch Installation Guide
29
Ethernet Switching Basics
An Ethernet switch interconnects network devices, such as workstations,
printers, routers, and other Ethernet switches, so that they can
communicate with each other by sending and receiving Ethernet frames.
MAC Address
Table
Every hardware device on your network has a unique MAC address. This
address is assigned to the device by the device’s manufacturer. For
example, when you install a Network Interface Card (NIC) in a computer
so that you can connect it to the network, the NIC already has a MAC
address assigned to it by its manufacturer.
The MAC address table in the AT-FS750/24POE Fast Ethernet WebSmart
Switch can store up to 8K MAC addresses. The switch uses the table to
store the MAC addresses of the network end nodes connected to the
ports, along with the port number on which each address was learned.
A switch learns the MAC addresses of the end nodes by examining the
source address of each packet received on a port and adding. It adds the
address and port on which the packet was received into the MAC table if
the address does not already exist. The result is a table that contains all
the MAC addresses of the network devices connected to the switch’s
ports, and the port number where each address was learned.
When the switch receives a packet, it also examines the destination
address and, by referring to its MAC address table, determines the port on
which the destination end node is connected. Then it forwards the packet
to the appropriate port and on to the end node. This increases network
bandwidth by limiting each frame to the appropriate port when the
intended end node is located, freeing the other switch ports for receiving
and transmitting data.
If the switch receives a packet with a destination address that is not in the
MAC address table, it floods the packet to all of the ports on the switch. If
the ports have been grouped into virtual LANs, the switch floods the
packet only to those ports which belong to the same VLAN as the port on
which the packet was received. This prevents packets from being
forwarded into inappropriate LAN segments, decreasing network security.
When the destination end node responds, the switch adds its MAC
address and port number to the table.
If the switch receives a packet with a destination address that is on the
same port on which the packet was received, it discards the packet without
forwarding it on to any port. Since both the source end node and the
destination end node for the packet are located on the same port on the
switch, there is no reason for the switch to forward the packet.