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User Guide

vi

Configuring the Test Method .....................................................................192
Using the Responder Function..................................................................196

Chapter 8: Ping and Traceroute Tools .................................................................199

Ping ..............................................................................................................199

Internet Control Message Protocol ....................................................199
Test Configuration .............................................................................200
Result verification ..............................................................................202

Traceroute ...................................................................................................204

Test Configuration .............................................................................204
Result verification ..............................................................................206

Chapter 9: IEEE 1588 Analysis..............................................................................209

Ethernet Synchronization with IEEE 1588 ................................................209

Precedents: IP Synchronization with NTP.........................................210
PTP Protocol Details .........................................................................210
The Synchronization Mechanism ......................................................211
Protocol Encapsulation......................................................................212
Unicast Addressing Mode..................................................................213

IEEE 1588 Grandmaster and Slave Emulation .........................................213

Configuration of the IEEE 1588 Master and Slave ............................215
Protocol State ....................................................................................226
Message Statistics.............................................................................231
Delay Statistics ..................................................................................233
Clock Status ......................................................................................238
Unicast Negotiation Results ..............................................................240

The Pseudo-slave Emulation Mode...........................................................241

TE Test ..............................................................................................242
Wander (MTIE / TDEV) Test .............................................................243
Floor Delay Population Test ..............................................................249

Passive Monitoring .....................................................................................252

Chapter 10: Synchronous Ethernet Analysis ......................................................255

Introduction to Synchronous Ethernet .....................................................255

Ethernet Synchronization Messaging Channel..................................257
Synchronous Ethernet for the 1000BASE-T Interface.......................257

Frequency Measurement............................................................................260
MTIE / TDEV Analysis .................................................................................260

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Содержание xGenius

Страница 1: ...User s Manual Ethernet IP Testing Guide xGenius UM XGENIUS ETH 09 05 19...

Страница 2: ......

Страница 3: ...which this information may be placed ALBEDO Telecom S L pursues a policy of continual product improvement and reserves the right to alter without notice the specification design price or conditions of...

Страница 4: ...ALBEDO Telecom Joan d ustria 112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide ii...

Страница 5: ...ing the Unit 14 Chapter 2 Connection to the Network 17 Setting the Operation Mode 17 Connecting the Tester to the Network 20 Configuring the Connector 21 Using the SFP SFP Ports 22 Configuring Port A...

Страница 6: ...Test Payload for Ethernet 77 Generation of IPv4 Traffic 80 Configuring the Physical and MAC Layers 81 Configuring MPLS 82 Configuring the Port Local Network Profile 85 Configuring the IPv4 Datagram 8...

Страница 7: ...5 Performance Assessment with the RFC 2544 Test 146 Throughput 147 Latency 149 Frame Loss 150 Back to Back Frames 151 System Recovery 152 Configuration Pass Fail Thresholds 153 Getting Test Results 15...

Страница 8: ...l Details 210 The Synchronization Mechanism 211 Protocol Encapsulation 212 Unicast Addressing Mode 213 IEEE 1588 Grandmaster and Slave Emulation 213 Configuration of the IEEE 1588 Master and Slave 215...

Страница 9: ...When the Disk is Full 274 Using the Embedded Web Server 274 Programming Tests 275 Using the System Menu 277 Using the Network 279 Installing Software Options 285 Upgrading the Power Management 286 Usi...

Страница 10: ...s 298 Cable Tests 298 SFP 298 Auto Negotiation 298 Synchronous Ethernet 298 Frame Analysis 299 Ethernet Statistics 299 MPLS Statistics 299 IP Statistics 299 Bandwidth Statistics 299 SLA Statistics 299...

Страница 11: ...ix Appendix B Common Issues and Solutions 305...

Страница 12: ...ALBEDO Telecom Joan d ustria 112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide x...

Страница 13: ...up to 10 Gb s It comes with optional synchronization testing capabilities and TDM analysis and generation features For this reason Figure 1 1 xGenius front view The tester presents results by means a...

Страница 14: ...k with user documentation One printed copy of this user manual if ordered Check with your distributor the availability of other optional items for your xGenius unit 1 1 Important Notice Operation mani...

Страница 15: ...such hazardous waste For more information about electronic and electrical waste equipment disposal recovery and collection points please contact your local city centre waste disposal service or manuf...

Страница 16: ...o switch it on If the tester is on use this key to switch it off long push The on off button is also used for some other purposes like the test unit software upgrade See section 1 5 1 2 1 Test Connect...

Страница 17: ...ly in units equipped with the built in GNSS receiver SMB Port C PPS RX 1 PPS 1 PP2S test input This is the port to be used for analysis of unbalanced 50 1 PPS signals formatted as specified in ITU T G...

Страница 18: ...is a general purpose Fast Ethernet connector 10 100BASE T It is used for remote management of the test unit or to access to the configuration report and trace files through a web interface 1 3 The Gr...

Страница 19: ...nly in units with the correct PTP or Synchronous Ethernet licenses installed CONFIG Provides access to the global operation mode and configures test ports and other resources such as reference clock i...

Страница 20: ...management These are the File and System buttons and they have the following purpose File File management menus Includes configuration report and trace file man agement Files can be deleted copied ex...

Страница 21: ...some others may be related clock references or other subsys tems The LEDs may display real time information but the can be also configured in History mode to store details about past events On the top...

Страница 22: ...ems could be displayed under the same higher level menu For this reason they are displayed in a different way While menus are described with black characters configuration and result panels are displa...

Страница 23: ...ecked from the LEDs tab on the top left corner of the screen The Softleds from the LEDs panel are always active even when there is no test running The LEDs may display real time information but they c...

Страница 24: ...RESULTS menu trees with a general view of the choices available to users Recently Used panel Each new screen visited by the user is listed in the Recently Used panel New screens replace the older scr...

Страница 25: ...been distributed in four categories IEEE 1588v2 and Synchronous Ethernet Verification Clock Signal Verification Ethernet IP Verification E1 T1 Verification It follows a description of the tests inclu...

Страница 26: ...py the ALBEDO software to the root directory in the memory stick The file name of the upgrade package must not be modified The USB must have a FAT32 file system Once the USB memory stick is ready Foll...

Страница 27: ...l process may take a few minutes Note Do no disconnect the unit or remove the USB memory stick during installa tion 8 Press Continue to close the Software Installer and finish the installation process...

Страница 28: ...ALBEDO Telecom Joan d ustria 112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide 16...

Страница 29: ...nits without the dual port generation capability Port B can loop frames packets toward their origin if configured to do so It also responds to pings ICMP echo request message and other basic protocols...

Страница 30: ...signal may be the same test signal once it has been transmitted through the DUT SUT This mode is used for continuity transparency testing BER testing and performance SLA eSAM RFC 2544 measure ments i...

Страница 31: ...t can still gen erate and analyse the PCS codes required for BER testing at L1 Table 2 2 Port Modes Mode Description TX RX Both transmission and reception are enabled in the port The transmitter is co...

Страница 32: ...s not make sense to configure the equipment in Ethernet endpoint mode because the router will be unable to recognise and forward traffic without an IP payload Note that the opposite is not true You ma...

Страница 33: ...A or Port B to enter in the port specific configuration 3 Go to Physical to enter in the physical settings configuration panel 4 Select Connector to display the available options for the port connect...

Страница 34: ...y means an external SFP only 1000BASE LX Used for transmission at 1000 Mb s over two MMF or SMF in the 1310 nm optical window Ranges use to be a few kilometres This interface is supported by means an...

Страница 35: ...configuration panel 4 Set Laser to On to enable the optical transmitter in the current port Note It is recommended to switch the optical transmitter once the testing has fin ished Model If there is a...

Страница 36: ...otiation is enabled the user decides whether to restrict the available bit rates If the user decides to disable auto negotiation then the bit rate is forced to a user configurable value It should be n...

Страница 37: ...e port 100 FD Allows disallows the interface to negotiate the fast Ethernet speed 100 Mb s if you are using the RJ 45 port or a com patible electrical SFP for data transmission 10 FD Allows disallows...

Страница 38: ...d bit rate to 10 100 1000 or 10 G from the Physical layer menu Note The 1000 Mb s rate in electrical interfaces cannot be forced and it is only available through auto negotiation due to IEEE 802 3 res...

Страница 39: ...h bit rate duplex modes combinations are supported by the local inter face and the remote peer in the Local and Remote rows Check the current speed and duplex mode in the Current row 2 3 Entering the...

Страница 40: ...dentifier when Encapsulation has been configured to VLAN Any value within 0 to 4095 is allowed for this field C VLAN priority Configures the VLAN priority bits assigned to the frame Any value between...

Страница 41: ...host used for domain name resolution A DNS server allows the user to identify destinations by alphanumeric domain names rather than numeric IP addresses The DNS address has to be entered in decimal fo...

Страница 42: ...sed for datacom testing PHM 21 is a dual port IEEE C 37 94 module the PHM 22 can be used for ITU T G 703 co directional contra directional and centralized tests and the PHM 23 is an analog VF test mod...

Страница 43: ...net works The IP loop mode is not available in Ethernet end point mode UDP loop It works in the same way that the IP loop mode but it swaps source and destination UDP ports as well This mode can be us...

Страница 44: ...n external timing source is carried out through the Reference clock menu The source timing candidates are the following ones Loop ICMP packets Chooses whether to loop ICMP packets If ICMP loop is disa...

Страница 45: ...reports the Do not use status large variations in phase or frequency may happen and therefore the equipment is not yet ready for any test requiring accurate synchronization Not sync The internal oscil...

Страница 46: ...quiring this information Synchronized to GNSS The test unit is tracking the GNSS signal The time scale reported by the GNSS constellation is being used For example the GPS time is 19 seconds behind TA...

Страница 47: ...doesn t require user intervention PPS Ref SMB The clock reference is derived from an external 1PPS 1 pulse every second or 1PP2S signal 1 pulse every two seconds signal received through the PPS RX SMB...

Страница 48: ...st applications not including one way latency measurements or synchroniza tion testing involving GNSS 1 PPS or PTP interfaces It does not support operation in holdover mode OCXO Standard oscillator fo...

Страница 49: ...nd phase difference between the reference clock and the local oscil lator any more and it just tracks the output to keep the dif ferences to the minimum In this situation the test error is minimum and...

Страница 50: ...cludes three different kinds of clock reference Every class has different features and they are used for different applications The parameters to be configured are also different depending on the cloc...

Страница 51: ...ence delay Compensates the delay added by the physical media propa gation delay when the Input clock reference is set to PPS Port Ref In Out PPS Ref SMB or ToD Port Ref In Out Input ToD status Display...

Страница 52: ...6 2 Table 2 12 Clock PCM input and output interfaces Parameter Description Clock PCM input Configures the Clock or PCM reference input interface 2048 kHz Port Ref In Out The clock reference is derived...

Страница 53: ...re that the antenna sees as much of the sky as possible The unit may fail to achieve synchronization if there are not enough satellites in sight Some tests may loss accuracy if the number of satellite...

Страница 54: ...gatsionnaya Sput nikovaya Sistema GLONASS constellation that consti tutes the Russian alternative to GPS BeiDou Enables BeiDou in the test unit BeiDou is the Chinese positioning system alternative to...

Страница 55: ...chronization from the timing data received from the satellite constellations This is a required condition before the system time becomes locked to the GNSS time Satellites received This is a read only...

Страница 56: ...he test unit geographical location is not changed The unit checks any change in position longitude latitude altitude every time it is connected to a GPS antenna If a change in the coordinates is detec...

Страница 57: ...nterfaces See section 2 6 Note Holdover from a frequency reference is not supported 2 For optimum performance in Rubidium units wait for at least two hours once the test unit is locked to the clock re...

Страница 58: ...have been disconnected from the reference but sooner or later they will drift to their natural oscillation frequency and the holdover will resemble more and more to the free running operation xGenius...

Страница 59: ...ation may be appropriate All previous examples are based in a comparison between the expected test error and the magnitude to be measured Sometimes the limiting factor could be not the magnitude to be...

Страница 60: ...The conclusion is that it is better to minimize the transport time when time and phase is to be tested because the accumulated error will be difficult to remove from the test result 2 7 Using the Cloc...

Страница 61: ...transmitted through the balanced RJ 48 Ref In Out port E1 Port Ref In Out The clock reference is encoded as an ITU T G 703 2048 kb s signal with an all ones payload This signal is transmitted through...

Страница 62: ...Time slots different of TS0 and TS16 carry an all ones pattern This frame structure is available only for E1 references PCM30C 2048 kb s TDM frame made up of 32 time slots TS0 TS1 TS31 of 64 kb s each...

Страница 63: ...otocol too SSM signaling Enables or disables the Synchronization Status Message SSM clock reference output The SSM transports informa tion about the current synchronization performance level transport...

Страница 64: ...delay compensation to 1 PPS 1PP2S ToD clock reference output This setting could be useful to configure the correct phase alignment at the output when the input is not able to compensate a phase offset...

Страница 65: ...r not Depending on how the cable is connected it would be possible to compute different results 3 1 1 Basic Principles of Ethernet Cable Wiring Twisted pair cables for Ethernet LAN applications genera...

Страница 66: ...and to a second station through a crossover cable For this reason MDI pair assignment in hubs and switches was required to be complementary to the wiring of stations This second pair assignment corre...

Страница 67: ...hernet interfaces If there is no link from the remote end the equipment attempts to find out the reason short circuit open circuit The cable test is available for Port A only The Port B could be used...

Страница 68: ...onfigurations It is required to configure and run the cable test by means the tester user interface It is assumed that the Connector setting is configured to Electrical in the test ports See section 2...

Страница 69: ...t result for MDIs corresponding to pairs 1 and 2 is Open Distance m displays the distance to the far end The Crosstalk shows that pairs 1 and 2 are coupled There is a short cir cuit between the con du...

Страница 70: ...agnostic of the cable shows crosstalk between the MDIs corresponding to pairs 2 and 3 Table 3 4 Cable test results Result Description Fault Displays information about faults found in the corresponding...

Страница 71: ...he test xGenius will detect an open circuit in all MDIs and the Distance m results displays the cable length Crossover Displays whether the local MDI n is in straight MDI or crossover MDIX status Note...

Страница 72: ...cameras through the electrical Ethernet interface commonly based in CAT 5 or CAT 6 UTP cable so that these devices do not need any other external power source PoE was defined in standard IEEE 8023af i...

Страница 73: ...avoid injecting power in non PoE devices Before injecting a large amount of current in the line the PSE senses the PD to see how much current it consumes Once the PD identification has finished the P...

Страница 74: ...1 2 or 7 8 wires has positive and negative polarity If the power alternative is Alternative B it displays no result Current If the powering alternative is Alternative A it displays the current injecte...

Страница 75: ...specific settings for Port A are now displayed 5 Go to Physical layer to enter in the physical settings configuration panel 6 Configure the PoE setting to On Once configured you can check the test res...

Страница 76: ...ALBEDO Telecom Joan d ustria 112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide 64...

Страница 77: ...ile and Payload settings for each of the eight available traffic flows This is a short description of the Ethernet traffic generation menus Frame Configures the encapsulation and MAC addresses If the...

Страница 78: ...e type is DIX The DEC Intel Xerox DIX frame structure also known as Ethernet II framing DIX Ethernet II framing encode the payload type in the Type frame field This is the most common framing format f...

Страница 79: ...an equipment dif ferent to the tester or in multi stream operation to simu late traffic transmitted from different stations Most of the times you will want to avoid duplicated addresses in your netwo...

Страница 80: ...C address and Address number within range Use this option if you want to deliver the test data sequentially to many dif ferent destinations Port A Port B Configures the opposite port in the same unit...

Страница 81: ...thertype is automatically configured to 0x0800 Internet Protocol version 4 If the payload type is config ured to SLA in Ethernet endpoint mode the Ethertype is set to 0x8902 IEEE 802 1ag ITU T Y 1731...

Страница 82: ...ithin a network or an administrative domain This field is carried by the S tag service provider tag of Ethernet frames with two tags Any value from 0 to 7 is allowed for this field Specific actions to...

Страница 83: ...arger frames but they are currently not accepted by any international standard The following steps illustrate the frame configuration procedure in xGenius Both the port wide and flow specific configur...

Страница 84: ...port specific configuration 4 Enter in the Frame menu All settings related with frame configuration are displayed Figure 4 2 IEEE 802 1Q y IEEE 820 1ad frame structures bits 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 PCP CFI VI...

Страница 85: ...IEEE 802 1ad Q in Q VLAN tags enter the C VID and C VLAN priority 12 If you are using frames carrying two VLAN tags IEEE 802 1ad Q in Q enter the S VID S VLAN priority and Drop Eligible Indicator 13...

Страница 86: ...transmission rate parameters with Transmission Rate Note Depending on the current transmission mode you will be requested to enter different traffic parameters in the Transmission Rate panel Note Cha...

Страница 87: ...profiles for Albedo xGenius a Continuous traffic generation b Periodic burst generation c Ramp generation d Random traffic generation with Poisson probability distribution Traffic Mb s frames s Time...

Страница 88: ...to match a value configured in bits per second frames per second or a percentage of the line capacity Periodic burst Traffic generation is distributed in periodic bursts of fixed length Between traff...

Страница 89: ...er must be up and working See section 4 1 1 2 From the Home panel go to CONFIG The test port settings panel is displayed 3 Select either Port A or Port B to enter in the port specific configuration 4...

Страница 90: ...zeroes in Payload type Note BER is available only for flow 1 8 If you have configured Payload type to BER choose the bit pattern you are going to use for generation and analysis with the help of the B...

Страница 91: ...de is a proprietary ALBEDO Telecom for mat All zeroes Sets the transmitted pattern to all zeroes BERT Patterns Sets the transmitted and expected test pattern port A or the expected test pattern port B...

Страница 92: ...systems providing a connectionless service There are two IP protocol versions IPv4 and IPv6 IPv4 addresses can be defined as a subset of the IPv6 addressing space but IPv4 and IPv6 can be regarded as...

Страница 93: ...on is similar in IP Endpoint and Ethernet Endpoint modes See section 4 1 1 See section 4 1 2 The only difference is that users now have at their disposal the ARP mechanism to configure the destination...

Страница 94: ...he longest network address prefix in the routing table that matches the destination of every IP datagram entering the router On the other hand MPLS routers also known as Label Switched Routers LSR use...

Страница 95: ...s carrying one or two labels The configuration procedure is as follows 1 Make sure that your tester is connected to the network The physical layer must be up and working See section 4 1 1 2 From the H...

Страница 96: ...ngle MPLS label or Double MPLS label in Stack configuration Bottom traffic class Contains the traffic class identifier for the bottom MPLS header It was first thought that this field could carry the 3...

Страница 97: ...om the IP address and VID configured in the local profile This fact must be taken into account when the source IP address is configured to something different to Local Network layer settings and Encap...

Страница 98: ...r or in multi stream operation to simu late traffic transmitted from different hosts Probably you will want to avoid duplicated IP addresses in your network For this reason make sure that no other equ...

Страница 99: ...erver IP address has to be configured in the local port profile either statically or by means DHCP Remote This option is available only in RFC 2544 or eSAM upstream asymmetric tests See section 7 4 It...

Страница 100: ...used as a destination if Destination type is set to Domain name Unlike IP addresses domain names are easy to remember alphanumeric strings but they have to be translated to IP addresses before any pa...

Страница 101: ...stream If UDP generation is on the Transport protocol field is set to 17 This value cannot be edited by the user Transport protocol This setting contains an 8 bit word that constitutes the proto col...

Страница 102: ...sed in the generated UDP packets 11 If you have not enabled UDP configure the Transport Protocol code 12 If necessary repeat the IPv4 configuration process for one or more traffic flows Flow A1 to Flo...

Страница 103: ...e Event rate Number of frames Probability and Frame size bytes menu items 6 Start insertion by pressing the event button Note Depending on the insertion mode event insertion will finish automatically...

Страница 104: ...ated with corrupted traffic generation IPv4 checksum error insertion is availa ble only in IP endpoint mode Undersized frames This event is used to generate frames shorter than the minimum legal size...

Страница 105: ...insertion probability Event rate If the insertion mode has been set to Rate this fields sets the rate at which events are inserted in the outgoing signal The rate is entered in scientific notation A...

Страница 106: ...ALBEDO Telecom Joan d ustria 112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide 94...

Страница 107: ...proach is to classify test results in those which depend on an special test signal transmitted from an special traffic generator and results available in any case even if there is no test signal avail...

Страница 108: ...n about how many frames have been received in the test interface from the beginning of the test These counts are also useful to classify the frames received in different families To display the transm...

Страница 109: ...rred as C VLAN and S VLAN The C VLAN carries Type 0x8100 The S VLAN has the spe cial Type 0x88a8 Q in Q Total number of double tagged VLAN frames received from the beginning of the test Q in Q frames...

Страница 110: ...Metric Description FCS Count of all the FCS errors detected from the beginning of the test A frame with a FCS error is a frame with a legal size which contains an invalid FCS field FCS errors are cau...

Страница 111: ...total number of errored TCP packets TCP packets are considered to contain errors if either their structure or their content is invalid For TCP this means that the packet contains checksum errors Tabl...

Страница 112: ...received from the beginning of the test An IPv4 multicast packet is a packet directed to a multicast IPv4 address An IPv4 multicast address is any valid Class D 224 0 0 0 239 255 255 255 address An I...

Страница 113: ...cs are more related with the bandwidth available for transmission Bandwidth statistics are timed measurements you need to run a test to start collecting results In order to access to these results fol...

Страница 114: ...ee different units bits per second frames per second and percentage of the overall channel capacity Eth min Minimum value of Ethernet traffic registered from the begin ning of the test The Ethernet mi...

Страница 115: ...have one or more MPLS labels and they are still recognised as unicast multicast or Eth broadcast Total amount of broadcast Ethernet traffic received during the last second computed in frames per secon...

Страница 116: ...lysis tool Once the traffic search has finished the user can choose which filters to configure following the results of the network search All this is done by a simple key press Network Search is used...

Страница 117: ...red with this action See chapter 6 5 3 The LEDs Panel The LEDs panel offers a quick view of the current xGenius connection and operation status They are permanent indicators That means that no test ha...

Страница 118: ...tes defects but there are more possible LED status OK the event or events that correspond with the LED are not found in the incoming signal and This is the colour displayed if faulty conditions are fo...

Страница 119: ...Gb s from the SFP port Auto negotiation is not defined in 10 Gb s links and therefore this LED does not depend on any automatic process It is enabled when a proper signal is detected in the SFP port i...

Страница 120: ...size smaller than 64 bytes OverS At least one oversized frame was received during the current second An oversized frame is a frame which has a size larger than the configured MTU VLAN At least one fra...

Страница 121: ...ived during the current second One UDP packet is incorrect if it has an unexpected length or it contains check sum errors TCP If this led is green at least one correct TCP packet was received during t...

Страница 122: ...ate IPv4 bit rate IPv6 bit rate UDP bit rate The Bandwidth statistics category includes one set of tracea ble events for each filter Filter A1 Filter A2 and one addi tional global statistics subclass...

Страница 123: ...y trace files from finished tests or from the current test You don t need to wait to the end of the test to display a trace file but logs are not upgraded in real time You may need to re open a trace...

Страница 124: ...mins div 1 hours div 5 hours div 20 hours div 2 days div 6 Select an event in the list to and an instant in the time bar to display the magnitude of the event at the chosen time Optionally press over...

Страница 125: ...n be displayed renamed or deleted form the file manager as any other output file generated by the test unit See section 11 2 2 See section 11 2 3 You can also copy and edit the log file to an external...

Страница 126: ...interfaces transmission errors may cause the test patterns to be altered and produce bit errors How ever the Ethernet FCS field contains a CRC 32 code designed for error detection For this reason the...

Страница 127: ...port specific configuration 3 Enter in the Payload menu 4 Select Flow A1 or Flow B1 in Port B to enter in the flow 1 specific configuration All settings related with payload configuration in the curr...

Страница 128: ...ing an Ethernet stream but they are still useful to test the optical signal or data paths through L1 circuits not involving any Ethernet process ing even at the most basic level L1 PCS synchronized pa...

Страница 129: ...9 This test is designed for receiver jitter tolerance testing The JPAT consists on the cyclic transmission of the following 8B 10B symbol sequence D30 3 repeated 192 times and D21 5 repeated 64 times...

Страница 130: ...able for optical L1 BER tests only LCRPAT Long Continuous Random test pattern This a L2 compliant test pattern defined in Annex 36A of the IEEE 802 3 stand ard This pattern is designed to provide a br...

Страница 131: ...yed 2 Select Mode to enter in the mode selection menu 3 Choose L1 Endpoint 4 Select either Port A or Port B to enter in the port specific configuration A B Seed This code is a L1 PCS synchronized test...

Страница 132: ...el is displayed 2 Select either Port A or Port B to enter in the port specific results 3 Go to BERT 4 Select Physical layer BERT to enter in the L1 BER test results 5 Check the TSE BER ES and LSS resu...

Страница 133: ...e number of times the service has been inter rupted since the beginning of the test Total Total amount of time the service has not been available due to disruptions It is computed as the accumulated d...

Страница 134: ...during the test 2 Configure the test unit to generate al least 1000 frames s See section 4 1 See section 4 2 Note The destination for the traffic could be Port B if traffic is generated from Port A P...

Страница 135: ...stics you will be informed with an special indication Filters are useful to get information about how much of the available bandwidth is being used by a traffic stream If for example you choose to fil...

Страница 136: ...t B Matches the traffic configured in the corresponding flow from the traffic generator Filter A1 matches Flow A1 Filter A2 matches Flow A2 etc The Match port A mode is available for Port B only while...

Страница 137: ...lly the binary representation of a matching mask does not need to be a sequence of 1 followed by a sequence of 0 like IP network masks are The generic procedure to configure one or several matching cr...

Страница 138: ...igured here is used to determine which frames are allowed to pass through the filter and which ones are blocked The available configuration values for this field are Ignore The source MAC address is i...

Страница 139: ...Destination address field so that only the values surviving the AND are taken into account for matching the filter Ethertype match Enables selection by Ethertype value in the current filter The value...

Страница 140: ...ode or several of them at the same time Sometimes service providers use a two level VLAN structure Levels are designated as customer VLAN C VLAN and service VLAN S VLAN This two structure is know as Q...

Страница 141: ...epoints through separated entries in the filtering menu For single tagged frames it is assumed that the frame does not contain S VLAN priority codepoint field and therefore configuration is done throu...

Страница 142: ...kets in MPLS networks Labels have local meaning only That means that a single LSP could have different MPLS labels in different links between different routers Bottom traffic class match Enables selec...

Страница 143: ...S label in deci mal format Labels are used for switching packets in MPLS networks Labels have local meaning only That means that a single LSP could have different MPLS labels in different links betwee...

Страница 144: ...esses matching some or all bits of the address configured here will be allowed to pass through the filter Bits used for matching frames to this filter are configured in the Source address mask Source...

Страница 145: ...ocol identifier assigned by the IANA UDP Matches traffic with a User Datagram Protocol UDP envelope Traffic commonly transported over UDP includes IP voice IP video and DNS TCP Matches traffic carried...

Страница 146: ...are allowed to pass through the filter when Ignore is config ured if they are not blocked by other selection rule Equal to All packets matching a user configurable pattern are allowed to pass through...

Страница 147: ...onfigured here and the source address so that only the values surviving the AND are taken into account for matching addresses Next Header match Enables selection by the 8 bit IPv6 next header field in...

Страница 148: ...used to determine which packets are allowed to pass through the filter and which ones are blocked The available configuration values for this field are the same that for the Source IPv6 address match...

Страница 149: ...ange is specified with the help of the Minimum source port and Maximum source port fields Minimum source port This is the minimum 16 bit UDP source port allowed to pass through the Source port match f...

Страница 150: ...frame to start counting the filter offset The reference can be the beginning of the MAC IPv4 IPv6 or UDP payload depending on the chosen value It is also possible to set the reference to the beginnin...

Страница 151: ...ames Bytes and Traffic results Match code 16 bit code expressed with four hexadecimal digits used to match frames in the current filter Mask This is a mask for the generic filter match code Before com...

Страница 152: ...pecific results 3 Go to Bandwidth statistics 4 Select one of the filter menus labelled as Filter A1 Filter A2 etc or Filter B1 Filter B2 etc in Port B All the result menus related with the current fil...

Страница 153: ...eginning of the test Definition of the FLR parameter follows ITU T Y 1563 SES This is the amount of Severely Errored Second SES out comes from the beginning of the test The SES is computed as specifie...

Страница 154: ...fic it is possible to guarantee the representativeness of the SLA results if the correct filtering conditions are applied for the traffic For example if it is know that the DUT SUT is applying differe...

Страница 155: ...egistered FTD values from the beginning of the test All relevant SLA packets are considered for calculation of this statistics no sampling process is involved in the calculation of this statistic FTD...

Страница 156: ...l individual delay variation values computed from the beginning of the test Each individual delay variation is evaluated as the absolute value of the FTD associated to a given frame minus the FTD asso...

Страница 157: ...e tuned through specific menus ALBEDO xGenius currently supports three different automatic measurements The IETF RFC 2544 test the Ethernet service activation test methodology eSAM based on the ITU T...

Страница 158: ...configuration panel is displayed 5 Go to Performance test and configure RFC 2544 6 Go to RFC 2544 configuration The panel with specific configuration of the RFC 2544 throughput latency frame loss back...

Страница 159: ...ode to be the own responder address 18 If you are working in IP endpoint mode configure the Local profile See section 2 3 and the Network layer See section 4 4 4 Parameters to be configured are IP add...

Страница 160: ...tests depend on the throughput results and they are disabled if the throughput test is also disabled Maximum rate It is the maximum bit rate the DUT SUT supports due polic ing or other bandwidth limit...

Страница 161: ...me This will be Trial duration s This value corresponds with the duration of a single through put trial test expressed in seconds Each algorithm test cycle contains one trial The equipment transmits t...

Страница 162: ...test bit rate 3 Continue this sequence reducing the bit rate in every step until there are two consecutive trials where no frames are lost Table 7 2 RFC 2544 Latency Test Settings Setting Description...

Страница 163: ...without losing any frame It is recommended to run the test for at least Resolution Measures the decrease in terms of bit rate the tester uses to measure frame loss expressed as a percentage of the nom...

Страница 164: ...ld be columns for the frame size the frame rate used as Table 7 4 RFC 2544 Back to back Test Settings Setting Description Enable Enables or disables the RFC 2544 back to back frames test The back to b...

Страница 165: ...e is measured in one test cycle The final value of the recovery time will be the aver aged value computed for each iterations The more iterations per test cycle the more reliable the test results are...

Страница 166: ...to fail it at least one test result fails The whole RFC 2544 fails if one particular test result fails The global Pass Fail can be checked at any moment even before the end of the test from the Summar...

Страница 167: ...s are available in Port A 3 Select RFC 2544 4 Check the Status field to know the pass fail test result If the test has not yet fin ished this field will display a In progress message If the equipment...

Страница 168: ...t test progress 6 Go to the Throughput test Latency test Frame lost test Back to back test and System recovery test and check the detail led results for each of them Note Test results depend on the fr...

Страница 169: ...verload the DUT SUT the test traffic in this case is indicated in the results table by means the Test rate column Table 7 7 RFC 2544 Test Results Setting Description Theoret max rate fr s Theoretical...

Страница 170: ...hroughput test result table Delay s Latency result measured in microseconds The delay result has to be understood as the one way delay if the test is con figured as a One way A B Upstream or Downstrea...

Страница 171: ...lectrical Encapsulation None Source MAC address 00 DB 1E 00 01 10 Destination MAC address 00 DB 1E 00 01 11 Address range size C VID C VLAN priority S VID S VLAN priority DEI Source IPv4 address 172 2...

Страница 172: ...8 100 00 73 126 52 885 13 869 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 90 00 70 086 47 603 4 368 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 80 00 66 364 40 995 0 000 70 00 61 527 32 571 0 000 60 00 55 078 21 274 50 00 46 084 5 506 40 00...

Страница 173: ...performance test If the configuration test fails there is no need to execute the long performance test The result is that network administrators have time to correct any configuration issue before ha...

Страница 174: ...transmitted within the delay and frame loss ratio limits guaranteed by the SLA agreement yellow traffic is transmitted but the SLA agreement performance limits do not apply for it and finally red traf...

Страница 175: ...sure the ingress traffic has the correct bandwidth profile is admission control Once the Ethernet access has been set up the service provider performs admission control over the customer traffic at th...

Страница 176: ...elivered as best effort traffic or it is given a low priority Non conforming traffic red traffic is dropped Note than the best effort classical service can be obtained simply by setting the CIR parame...

Страница 177: ...of a policing algorithm like the trTCM means that testing the ability of the network to discard non conforming traffic is another important requirement for eSAM Transmission of green traffic is verif...

Страница 178: ...112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide 166 when required to do so More details about these specific tests are provided in the following sections Figure 7 9 EIR and policing test results...

Страница 179: ...sify the traffic Which are the CIR EIR values for each service Is there any policing mechanism for the Ethernet services configured in the network What is the required performance for each service in...

Страница 180: ...1ad Q in Q The VID is commonly used in carrier Ethernet networks as a service discriminator The test unit accounts for the possibility to use this field as a color marker as well It requires the teste...

Страница 181: ...g any traffic admission algo rithm and you don t want the configuration test to fail for this reason Performance test duration Duration of the eSAM performance test The performance test is executed on...

Страница 182: ...m number of services is 4 if Color mode is On or 8 if Color mode has been configured to Off 10 Configure the CIR and EIR parameters for each service to be tested from the Ser vice configuration panel...

Страница 183: ...test and expressed in milliseconds The definition of FTD ms follows ITU T Y 1563 and it is computed in the same way that the FTD maximum metric supplied by the xGenius SLA statistics FDV ms Is the wo...

Страница 184: ...traffic the color markers C VLAN priority C VID S VLAN priority S VID must have a different value for green and yellow traf fic corresponding to the same service The test will fail to start if this re...

Страница 185: ...CIR For colored services the only traffic color to be generated in the CIR test is green CIR test results are made up of the IR FTD FDV and FLR for all the test loads The test is considered to pass if...

Страница 186: ...must be noticed that performance metrics are always measured but they are relevant for the pass fail results only for guaranteed green traffic It is possible to execute several up to four color aware...

Страница 187: ...xecuted in networks not supporting policing Figure 7 10 Typical CIR EIR and Policing tests in colour aware and non colour aware services a No colours are defined in the interface Some traffic may be d...

Страница 188: ...to the CIR test because in the network is loaded with the CIR bit rates of all configured service but in this case all services are tested simultaneously and therefore the total load is the sum of al...

Страница 189: ...the tester has been executed and other information a global Pass Fail indication followed by test specific Pass Fail indications a summary of the test setup and finally detailed descriptions of the eS...

Страница 190: ...99 000 eSAM CIR test Service 1 Load Mbit s IR Mbit s FLR FTD ms FDV ms Status 2 000 2 000 0 000E 00 0 145 0 014 PASS Service 2 Load Mbit s IR Mbit s FLR FTD ms FDV ms Status 2 000 2 000 0 000E 00 0 1...

Страница 191: ...SS eSAM Policing test Service 1 Color IR Mbit s FLR FTD ms FDV ms Status Green Yellow Total Service 2 Color IR Mbit s FLR FTD ms FDV ms Status Green Yellow Total Service 3 Color IR Mbit s FLR FTD ms F...

Страница 192: ...o voice based on the User Datagram Protocol UDP but it has proven to be insufficient for data transfer applications web file transfer e mail which are highly sensitive to transmission errors and they...

Страница 193: ...e speed to 100 kb s 1 Mb s 10 Mb s or any value required by the application If the network or the receiver is not able to process the traffic they just start dropping packets There is also no way to r...

Страница 194: ...e TCP sliding window mechanism allows the TCP to fill the line with a continuous data flow but it is also flexible enough to adapt the flow to varying transmission conditions When used together with t...

Страница 195: ...urate diagnostic of the transmission performance and it is often required to run a complementary RFC 2544 or eSAM test before investigating the TCP throughput Proceeding in this way is beneficial to d...

Страница 196: ...7 10 RFC 6349 Configuration Setting Description Server TCP port Configures the TCP server to listen from this port and the TCP client to generate traffic to this port destination port in TCP is set to...

Страница 197: ...ntains the upstream bandwidth configured in the test path or previously measured with the help the RFC 2544 test or other procedure The test unit will use this value together with the baseline RTT to...

Страница 198: ...est duration control If the baseline RTT test is disabled then configure User RTT to the right value 10 Enable or disable the window sweep test with the help of the Enable window sweep test field 11 I...

Страница 199: ...re described in the RFC 6349 standard Throughput Represents the maximum achievable bit rate between the client and the server entities or between the server and the client Only the TCP payload capacit...

Страница 200: ...results panel is displayed Table 7 11 RFC 6349 Performance Objectives Setting Description Minimum throughput Defines the minimum TCP throughput that generates a Pass result in the RFC 6349 throughput...

Страница 201: ...in the port specific results 3 Select RFC 6349 4 Check the Global status Current test Current test direction and Remaining fields to get an overview of the current test status Figure 7 15 RFC 6349 res...

Страница 202: ...d Depending on the test method these ends could be two ports of the same test unit In progress The equipment is running any of the baseline RTT window sweep or throughput tests Error connect The unit...

Страница 203: ...s test has been configured to run The win dow sweep result displays status information Idle In pro gress Done Error and the results organized in a table where each row represents the results for one s...

Страница 204: ...can be used as a local traffic reflector but installing an external reflector in a remote network location is also possible One way tests are done in open paths in the network Traffic is generated in...

Страница 205: ...ation from a single end Once finished the results are shown in the same end where the was configured The asymmetric test is based on collaborative operation of the controlling test unit and a remote r...

Страница 206: ...ppli cable to RFC 2544 eSAM and Y 1564 tests Two way A A Port A is configured both for traffic gener ation and traffic analysis This mode is suitable for meas urements in closed paths in the network a...

Страница 207: ...ream The responder global operation mode has to be configured to IP endpoint as well and the Test mode must be Remotely managed Remote unit MAC Configures the responder MAC address when the global ope...

Страница 208: ...test unit in order to run the RFC 2544 or ITU T Y 1564 asymmetric tests and the RFC 6349 remote bidirectional test The asymmetric tests are far more powerful than the symmetric RFC 2544 and ITU T Y 1...

Страница 209: ...Home panel go to CONFIG The port setup panel is displayed 2 Select Mode to enter in the mode selection menu 3 Choose between Ethernet endpoint or IP endpoint Note This is an important decision Control...

Страница 210: ...ALBEDO Telecom Joan d ustria 112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide 198...

Страница 211: ...an application of the Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP Echo request and Echo reply messages The IP protocol alone is unable to monitor whether the packets arrive to final destination Moreover it...

Страница 212: ...ort A specific configuration 8 Configure the Local profile See section 2 3 either by means the DHCP protocol or by hand 9 Go to Ping Traceroute 10 Enter the destination IPv4 address by using the Desti...

Страница 213: ...ation process requires the intervention of at least one DNS server The DNS server IP address has to be con figured in the local port profile either statically or by means DHCP Timeout Time the receive...

Страница 214: ...ived from the destination If the number of replies received is smaller than the request send then it can be concluded than the network has dropped some packets On the other hand if the replies number...

Страница 215: ...trans mission and the corresponding Echo reply reception event computed over all the available Echo request reply pairs The maximum delay figure is subject to the same non zero processing delay uncer...

Страница 216: ...ated in the Traceroute test part will never be detected by this test as in is required that these elements implement the IP protocol stack reply to be able to reply to the probe packets Ethernet switc...

Страница 217: ...d reply for each UDP request UDP Traceroute or ICMP Echo request ICMP Traceroute No new UDP ICMP Echo request is issued until either the previous reply is received or the timeout period finishes witho...

Страница 218: ...port specific results 3 Select Traceroute Traceroute protocol It is one of ICMP or UDP These protocols define totally differ ent Traceroute probe packets ICMP Uses ICMP Echo request messages with incr...

Страница 219: ...pairs for a particular node The Traceroute minimum delay can be considered an esti mate of the minimum round trip delay between the source and the node but the Traceroute delay may include protocol p...

Страница 220: ...ALBEDO Telecom Joan d ustria 112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide 208...

Страница 221: ...es not get synchronization from any IEEE 1588v2 grandmaster but from a clock reference chosen by the user This test enables evaluation of metrics to quantify slow phase perturbations in the PTP timing...

Страница 222: ...ed by the transmission of timestamps transmitted within the PTP messages Depending on how many ports has a network clock it is referred by the IEEE 1588 standard as an Ordinary Clock single port devic...

Страница 223: ...Before synchronization between the master and the slave clock has been achieved it may exist a frequency offset between both clocks This offset is computed with the help of the Sync message Sync mess...

Страница 224: ...e device There are two different kinds of Transparent Clocks depending on whether they use the Peer delay mechanism or the Delay request response mechanism to compute the propagation delay between mas...

Страница 225: ...ey don t know the identity of the remaining endpoints Operation in unicast mode therefore requires the configuration of suitable remote PTP entities by means their IP address in at least some devices...

Страница 226: ...ations in the network transmis sion conditions affecting the timing accuracy of PTP slave devices Slave clock status When the test unit is configured in slave emulation mode it tracks the frequency an...

Страница 227: ...cific configuration 3 Configure the Local profile See section 2 3 either by means the DHCP protocol or by hand The previous steps are not required if the equipment is operating in Ethernet endpoint mo...

Страница 228: ...oD With phase references 1 PPS the PTP phase is still aligned with the reference but only the local system time could be distributed With frequency references 2048 kHz 2048 kb s 1544 kHz 1544 kb s 10...

Страница 229: ...e structure is used by the PTP Telecom profile for fre quency synchronization ITU T G 8265 1 and the PTP Telecom profile for phase and time applications with partial timing support from the network IT...

Страница 230: ...c messages are still generated in multicast mode but Delay Request Peer Delay Request and Peer Delay Follow up are trans mitted as unicast messages Path delay mechanism Decides whether to use the end...

Страница 231: ...o peer messages on the other hand have to reply to peer delay requests from other PTP entities and therefore the clock type has to be configured in these clocks even if they do not operate as PTP mast...

Страница 232: ...in the network Before unicast clocks can exchange any piece of information with other PTP entity they need to establish an association with this entity This is usu ally done with a slave initiated di...

Страница 233: ...588 2008 or the clock source quality level defined in ITU T G 781 The Clock class defines traceability of the time or frequency distributed by the master clock and it is one of the parame ters used to...

Страница 234: ...information is available Specifically when either a phase or a frequency reference is used the automatic time scale is always Arbitrary When a time reference GNSS ToD is used the time scale is TAI but...

Страница 235: ...here is also the possibility of unexpected gaps in sec onds count TAI International Atomic Time Weighted average of the time kept by about 200 atomic clocks in over 50 national laboratories worldwide...

Страница 236: ...ay Request messages are not transmitted by PTP grand masters and therefore this setting is enabled only if Clock emulation is set to Auto or Slave If the Path delay mecha nism is configured to Peer to...

Страница 237: ...lues for the Unicast Sync interval are 128 pkt s 64 pkt s 32 pkt s 16 pkt s 8 pkt s 4 pkt s 2 pkt s 1 pkt s and 2 s pkt Unicast Delay Request interval Delay request message rate negotiated by unicast...

Страница 238: ...TS The test port results panel is displayed Unicast Peer Delay Req interval Peer Delay Request message rate negotiated by unicast PTP entities If the entity finally becomes an slave it will deliver pa...

Страница 239: ...ed messages are ignored except for statistic compilation Listening The port is waiting for an announce receipt timeout to expire or to receive an Announce message from a master The purpose of this sta...

Страница 240: ...EUI 64 computed as explained in standard IEEE 1588 2008 consti tutes a globally unique identifier Master port number Number of ports reported by the master Devices with one port are referred as Ordin...

Страница 241: ...to the clock to become mas ter Grandmaster clock class Clock class associated to the grandmaster clock in decimal format The Clock class defines traceability of the time or fre quency distributed by...

Страница 242: ...em that distribute time and frequency tied to international stand ards Terrestrial radio Any device synchronized via any of the radio distribution systems that distribute time and fre quency tied to i...

Страница 243: ...Follow up Announce Signaling Man agement and Domain mismatch Table 9 6 IEEE 1588 Message Statistics Result Description Sync Accounts for the number of received RX and transmitted TX Sync messages Syn...

Страница 244: ...messages cannot carry accu rate timestamps In this case the a Follow up message carry ing the accurate timestamps is transmitted immediately after every Sync packet Peer Delay Follow up Number of rec...

Страница 245: ...hat if the equipment is configured in slave emulation mode some delay statistics may not be accurate The reason is that in this mode the time reference is generated based on received PTP messages whic...

Страница 246: ...lue of Sync PTD current registered from the beginning of the test This result is available if the equipment is operating in slave emulation mode or in test mode Sync PTD maximum Maximum value of Sync...

Страница 247: ...mum value of Sync PDV current registered from the beginning of the test The Sync PDV maximum is computed in slave emulation pseudo slave emulation Test mode and passive monitoring modes Sync PDV avera...

Страница 248: ...modes Two way PTD current This result is computed as the sum of the Sync PTD current and Delay req PTD current It is an estimation of the time invested by a two way IEEE 1588 packet transmission betwe...

Страница 249: ...uted both in slave emulation mode and in test mode Asymmetry average This result is computed as the difference of the Sync PTD average and Delay req PTD average This metric is computed both in slave e...

Страница 250: ...the frequency and phase of a signal generated by a PTP master and encoded in different types of messages Not ideal conditions in the master the transmission network and the slave cause transient or pe...

Страница 251: ...ic Clock TAI time The epoch time origin is defined to be 01 01 1970 00 00 00 TAI Arbitrary Constitutes a continuous time scale with an epoch defined by an administrative procedure external to the PTP...

Страница 252: ...protocol 4 Go to Unicast negotiation 5 Select either Outgoing leases to see the message exchange leases initiated by the device or Incoming leases to see the leases initiated by the peer 6 Check the C...

Страница 253: ...dpoint operation modes If the test is to be run in IP endpoint mode the user is required to configure a valid IP profile See section 9 2 1 Once the local profile has been configured the steps to follo...

Страница 254: ...latency is 1 s different compared with the slave to master latency then the induced TE in the PTP slave will be 500 ns To measure the TE you have to configure the PTP pseudo slave Test mode in your t...

Страница 255: ...nents that are immune to filtering Such TE components are the result of for example asymmetry in the transmission medium between network elements or asymmetries within network elements The low freque...

Страница 256: ...components The TDEV converges for all common types of phase noise which makes it possible to identify the source and eventually correct the causes of deg radation in transmission As it is the case wit...

Страница 257: ...measurement is automatically stopped when the observation time is reached Currently allowed values for the Observation time are 100 s 1000 s 10000 s 100000 s and 1000000 s Note An MTIE TDEV measuremen...

Страница 258: ...within the filtering window Percentile Uses a percentile value expressed in to con figure the packets to be processed by the MTIE TDEV block Max percentile Packets with an end to end delay larger than...

Страница 259: ...ntly allowed mask source is Standard that configures the MTIE TDEV mask from an ITU T or an ETSI standard Standard Selects the MTIE and TDEV mask to be used in the next measurement when Mask source is...

Страница 260: ...ard mask parameters for the next MTIE TDEV measurement The unit is now ready to run the test and read the results To do that this is the correct procedure Standard Masks for Synchronization Supply Uni...

Страница 261: ...r PTP slave clocks to just discard packets with a potentially large amount of phase error rather than trying to use them in any way The floor delay population test attempts to implement a mechanism to...

Страница 262: ...y the time window to com pute the FPC FPR and FPP metrics 6 Modify the values of FPC delta and FPP threshold to change the default pass fail threshold for the FPP Table 9 11 Floor Delay Population Tes...

Страница 263: ...150 s range accounted from the floor delay computed for the path Table 9 12 Floor Delay Population Results Result Description FPC pkts Floor Packet Count FPC This is the amount of conforming packets...

Страница 264: ...cted to the network is more important than a full emulation of a PTP slave A typical example happens when an slave device exhibits poor performance for unknown reasons A quick PDV measurement with xGe...

Страница 265: ...le to analyse the messages the DUT is receiving without any intermediate device that could be masking the real synchronization performance When the test unit is operating in PTP monitor mode it cannot...

Страница 266: ...sive IEEE 1588 monitor by configuring PTP test to Monitor A label with the text PTP is displayed in the top notification area 4 Set the transport protocol to either Ethernet or UDP Note If you are ope...

Страница 267: ...thin its protocol definitions Despite being an IEEE standard Ethernet architecture has been described in ITU T G 8010 as a network made up of an ETH layer and a ETY layer Put in simple terms the ETY l...

Страница 268: ...the usability of the ITU T G 707 Synchronization Status Message SSM by Synchronous Ethernet equipment The SSM contain an indi cation of the quality level of the clock that is driving the synchronizat...

Страница 269: ...ESMC defined by the ITU T is based on the Organization Specific Slow Protocol OSSP currently specified in IEEE 802 3ay The ITU T G 8264 defines a background or heart beat message to provide a continu...

Страница 270: ...ted to the master while the slave is constrained to operate with the timing signal recovered from the master The result is that synchronization of 1000BASE T is always unidirectional and propagating f...

Страница 271: ...ransmitter and the receiver are in different clock domains b Synchronous Ethernet All clocks are slaves of the EEC The RX recovered clock could be used as an input for the EEC c 1000BASE T slave The T...

Страница 272: ...eed increased accuracy for your frequency test you can use an external clock for measuring Different kinds of clock inputs are accepted by the test unit including TDM frequency 1PPS ToD and GNSS sourc...

Страница 273: ...hoose between MTIE or TDEV 8 Check the Time TIE MTIE and Mask results MTIE results panel or Time TDEV and Mask results TDEV results panel Note MTIE and TDEV test results could be displayed either thro...

Страница 274: ...fset over the 1000BASE T interface force the master role in the test port by disabling 100 FD and 10 FD and configuring Clock role to Master See section 2 2 3 1 From the Home panel go to CONFIG The po...

Страница 275: ...ernal timing reference enable it See section 2 6 3 From the Home panel go to CONFIG The test port configuration panel is displayed 4 Set operation mode to Ethernet endpoint IP endpoint or IP through 5...

Страница 276: ...ation ppm Frequency offset applied to the transmitter clock within the range of 125 ppm This feature is useful to stress the DUT SUT Wander generator Enables or disables the wander generator If the ge...

Страница 277: ...deviation ppm with the frequency offset you want to generate between 125 and 125 ppm The unit adds an offset to the frequency detected in Port B This offset is transmit ted to test port A 10 7 ESMC G...

Страница 278: ...T G 781 The ESMC analysis procedure is slightly different In order to configure it follow these steps 1 Make sure that your tester is connected to the network The physical layer must be up and workin...

Страница 279: ...G 781 Option I Option II and Option III Current QL hex Displays the hexadecimal code corresponding to the current quality level received in SSM messages This result is sub ject to the same conditions...

Страница 280: ...ALBEDO Telecom Joan d ustria 112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide 268...

Страница 281: ...flexibility and at the same time simplicity when configuring reports Follow these steps to configure and generate a report 1 From the Home panel go to File The tester file manager base menu is display...

Страница 282: ...text documents which can be edited with any text editor Use this configuration if you want to modify the report or include it in a wider document Report named after This control enables the user to ch...

Страница 283: ...be asked to choose the specific stor age device USB device or micro SD card Note If there is no external device connected to the unit a No devices present popup panel is displayed 4 Press the Save co...

Страница 284: ...rt file with the alpha numeric keyboard Confirm with the Done contextual button 11 2 3 Deleting Files With the file manager you can delete files that are not needed anymore To do that follow these ste...

Страница 285: ...manager base menu is displayed 2 Select Configuration files to go to the configuration file settings 3 Select External devices to list the files currently stored in the external device A popup menu to...

Страница 286: ...Web Server As an alternative of using a USB external storage device or a micro SD card for file management the tester has a web interface that can be used for the same purpose The web interface can be...

Страница 287: ...eps to program an automatic measurement in the test unit 1 From the Home panel go to TEST The test configuration panel is displayed 2 Select Autostart stop to enter in the automatic test programming m...

Страница 288: ...ng format dd MM yyyy hh mm ss To configure Start time you have to set Start mode to Auto before Stop mode Configures the stop test mode There are two possibilities Manual The test finishes when there...

Страница 289: ...en the tester was powered down for last time Table 11 3 General Settings Panel Setting Description Brightness Sets the screen brightness from 10 to 100 Within the Brightness panel the left and right c...

Страница 290: ...switch the screensaver on The back light brightness is set to a low value once the time configured here has finished The display backlight is switched off after twice the screensaver delay The availab...

Страница 291: ...e Enable Enables or disables the SNMP server in the unit If this setting is configured to On the SNMP server is ena bled and it responds to SNMP requests If Enable is con figured to Off then the unit...

Страница 292: ...s Table 11 5 Network Configuration Panel Setting Description Ethernet interface Configuration menu for the platform network interface This menu can be used to configure the interface IP address and ma...

Страница 293: ...main name resolution A DNS server allows the user to identify destina tions by alphanumeric domain names rather than numeric IP addresses The DNS address has to be entered in decimal four dotted forma...

Страница 294: ...he platform network interface with the Enable interface control 6 Enable DHCP with the Use DHCP control if you want to let DHCP to configure your IP settings automatically or disable it to configure a...

Страница 295: ...d points without the mediation of any access point ESSID network Extended Service Set Identification In a infrastructure wire less network it identifies the access point where the end points are conne...

Страница 296: ...valid if Type of key has been configured to HEX If Encryption is WEP 64 the hexadecimal key is made up of 10 hexadecimal digits If Encryption has been set to WEP 128 then you are required to enter 26...

Страница 297: ...on sta tus does not guarantee by itself that the test unit is allowed to exchange information with the access point Specifically the association is still established even if the encryption standard or...

Страница 298: ...word for your unit in Service password Note This password is different for each unit and it is supplied by ALBEDO Tele com on demand 4 Press the back key to display the System panel again 5 Go to Serv...

Страница 299: ...urrent time The time is used for the Autostart stop features and other purposes The time has to be entered with the following format hh mm ss You can only modify the time if the current time source ha...

Страница 300: ...ellite system This sense makes sense only if Time Source has been con figured to Time reference NTP server IP address or domain name corresponding to the NTP server you want to use to synchronize your...

Страница 301: ...requirements for the controlling devices are IP connectivity with the tester Any IP connection including Ethernet and WiFi should work They must have a VNC client installed Currently there are VNC cli...

Страница 302: ...nt to the HOME key It displays the Home panel Esc It is equivalent to the Esc key It leaves the current panel and displays the previous one in the panel hierarchy Enter It is equivalent to the ENTER k...

Страница 303: ...s set to 64 bytes If the equipment is connected in through mode it accepts and forwards frames at wire speed 5 Ability to disconnect traffic generation in each individual port monitor mode or to disab...

Страница 304: ...up 5e 11 3 Aging 1 day 24 hours warm up 5e 11 4 Aging 1 year 1e 9 5 Time Phase accuracy to UTC locked to GNSS 20 ns at 1 after 24 hours lock 6 Holdover output time accuracy after 24 h locked 2 C 100...

Страница 305: ...faces are supported by the RJ 45 ports 10BASE T 100BASE TX 1000BASE T 3 Ability to enable or disable the light transmitter in optical interfaces 4 Electrical ports compliant with IEEE 802 3 Electrical...

Страница 306: ...through operation mode 4 PoE voltage between pairs 1 2 3 6 and 4 5 7 8 in endpoint test Voltage and current in pairs 1 2 3 6 and 4 5 7 8 in through mode A 5 Ethernet MAC 1 Ethernet MAC generation and...

Страница 307: ...sses Destination addresses can be configured as the opposite port factory current address a single custom address or an address range If they are specified as a range the generated sequence will conta...

Страница 308: ...tern Short continu ous random test pattern 3 Layer 1 BER test patterns IEEE 802 3 2012 PRBS 231 1 A seed LAN interfaces only B seed LAN interfaces only 4 Layer 2 4 BER test patterns PRBS 211 1 PRBS 21...

Страница 309: ...Pv4 Selection 1 Selection by IPv4 source or destination address Or both at the same time It is possible to select address sets by using masks 2 Selection by protocol as defined in the IPv4 datagram pr...

Страница 310: ...ce 10 Setting of message rates for Sync Delay Request Peer Delay Request and Announce messages Configuration of Announce message time out A 11 PHY Results A 11 1 Cable Tests 1 For inactive links Open...

Страница 311: ...cs 1 Packet counts IPv4 packets IPv6 packets 2 Packet counts unicast multicast and broadcast 3 TCP packets UDP packets ICMP packets 4 IPv4 checksum errors IPv6 checksum errors 5 UDP and TCP checksum e...

Страница 312: ...t service Availability PEA A 12 6 Service Disruption Time 1 Simultaneous per port statistics Analysis carried out over flow 1 statically 2 Service Disruption test based on the analysis of the SLA patt...

Страница 313: ...on field statistics current maximum and average 8 Sync floor delay packet population metrics ITU T G 8260 Sync Floor Packet Count FPC Floor Packet Rate FPR and Floor Packet Percent FPP Configur able P...

Страница 314: ...s setting For phase 2 the test bandwidth profile is deterministic random generated at the CIR bit rate for all services at the same time 6 The FTD FDV mean value and FLR is measured for each step in p...

Страница 315: ...e application over IPv4 using UDP packet transmission with increasingly higher TTL values Support of the Trace route application over IPv4 using ICMP echo request packets with increasingly higher TTL...

Страница 316: ...ormats File transfer to SD card and USB port File management through web interface and SNMP Configuration and report storage and export through attached USB port A 18 4 Operational Ranges Operational...

Страница 317: ...ns xGenius DHCP address con figuration may be slow The user can force immediate address negotiation by disabling DHCP for one moment and enabling it again Ping Traceroute tests not available These are...

Страница 318: ...configured to operate with auto negotiation The solution in this case is to disable auto negotiation and force the bit rate to 10 or 100 Mb s ARP does not resolve any des tination MAC address Your loc...

Страница 319: ...to the interface you are connected with The easiest is to configure ARP in Frame layer settings and leave the tester auto configure the right destination MAC address You are using a wrong frame encap...

Страница 320: ...thers If the network is modifying the traffic use a Custom filter instead All SLA test results are zero You may have a problem with the filter configura tion See how to solve problem with the filters...

Страница 321: ...4 test returns a No traffic message If you are testing through a switched network you may be using incorrect Frame layer settings Check the solution on how to proceed when Test traffic is not transmit...

Страница 322: ...ALBEDO Telecom Joan d ustria 112 Barcelona 08018 www albedotelecom com User Guide 310...

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