Hardware and physical integration guideline PCR Sensor A111
Page 4 of 32
© 2022 by Acconeer
– All rights reserved
2022-03-08
1 Introduction
This document aims to provide general guidelines for the hardware and physical integration of the
Acconeer A111 radar sensor. The A111 sensor is a fully integrated 60 GHz radar including the
transmitter and receiver antenna. The Tx/Rx antenna is a folded-dipole type and the E-plane and H-
plane of the antennas are indicated in Figure 1. The radiation pattern of the radar transceiver can be
found in the
The provided guidelines aim to optimize the radar sensor performance when integrating it into your host
product.
Figure 1. Sensor mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB). E-plane and H-plane are highlighted with blue and red
color, respectively.
1.1 Radar loop equation
Consider a signal transmitted through free space to a radar target located at distance
R
from the radar.
Assume there are no obstructions between the radar and the radar target, and the signal propagates along
a straight line between the two. The channel model associated with this transmission is called a line-of-
sight (LOS) channel. For the LOS channel, the corresponding received reflected power from a radar
target, i.e. the signal to noise ratio (SNR), can be defined as
𝑆𝑁𝑅 = 𝐶𝜎𝛾
1
𝑅
4
(1)
R
is the distance of the radar to the target,
𝐶
is the radar loop gain, including both the transmitter and
receiver chain (two-ways signal path),
𝜎
is the Radar Cross Section (RCS) of the scattering object and
𝛾
determines the reflected power of the object’s material. RCS depends on the roughness, size and shape
of the scattering object. Moreover, SNR depends on the sensor profile setting. A comprehensive
explanation of the sensor profiles can be found in Acconeer’s
