Teledyne Lecroy Frontline 802.11 Hardware And Software Manual Download

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Hardware and Software User Manual

Revision Date: 12/14/2016

Summary of Contents for Frontline 802.11

Page 1: ...Hardware and Software User Manual Revision Date 12 14 2016 ...

Page 2: ...e LeCroy Inc The following are trademarks of Teledyne LeCroy Inc l ProbeSync The Bluetooth SIG Inc owns the Bluetooth word mark and logos and any use of such marks by Teledyne LeCroy Inc is under license All other trademarks and registered trademarks are property of their respective owners TELEDYNE LECROY i Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 3: ...Window Toolbar 11 2 3 2 Configuration Information on the Control Window 12 2 3 3 Status Information on the Control Window 12 2 3 4 Frame Information on the Control Window 13 2 3 5 Control Window Menus 13 2 3 6 Minimizing Windows 17 Chapter 3 Configuration Settings 19 3 1 802 11 Configuration 19 3 1 1 Wi Fi Scanner Hardware Settings 19 3 1 2 802 11 I O Settings Datasource 19 3 1 3 Wi Fi Device MAC ...

Page 4: ... 59 4 2 3 Reframing 60 4 2 4 Unframing 60 4 2 5 How the Analyzer Auto traverses the Protocol Stack 61 4 2 6 Providing Context For Decoding When Frame Information Is Missing 62 4 3 Analyzing Protocol Decodes 62 4 3 1 The Frame Display 62 4 3 2 Coexistence View 97 4 4 Analyzing Byte Level Data 131 4 4 1 Event Display 131 4 4 2 The Event Display Toolbar 132 4 4 3 Opening Multiple Event Display Window...

Page 5: ...9 Changing Where the Search Lands 165 5 1 10 Subtleties of Timestamp Searching 166 5 2 Bookmarks 166 5 2 1 Adding Modifying or Deleting a Bookmark 166 5 2 2 Displaying All and Moving Between Bookmarks 167 Chapter 6 Saving and Importing Data 169 6 1 Saving Your Data 169 6 1 1 Saving the Entire Capture File 169 6 1 2 Saving the Entire Capture File with Save Selection 170 6 1 3 Saving a Portion of a ...

Page 6: ...erformance Notes 191 7 2 2 Progress Bars 192 7 2 3 Event Numbering 192 7 2 4 Useful Character Tables 192 7 2 5 DecoderScript Overview 195 7 2 6 Bluetooth low energy ATT Decoder Handle Mapping 195 Contacting Technical Support 196 Appendicies 199 Appendix A Application Notes 200 A 1 ComProbe Automation Server Why use it 202 A 1 1 Automation Server Topology 203 A 1 2 Writing Automation Script 203 A 1...

Page 7: ...Frontline analyzers use the same powerful Frontline software to help you test troubleshoot and debug communications faster Frontline software is an easy to use and powerful protocol analysis platform Simply use the appropriate Frontline hardware or write your own proprietary code to pump communication streams directly into the Frontline software where they are decoded decrypted and analyzed Within...

Page 8: ...on and how to observe the captured packets frames layers and events l Chapter 5 Navigating and Searching the Data Here you will find how to move through the data and how to isolate the data to specific events often used for troubleshooting device design problems l Chapter 6 Saving and Importing Data When a live capture is completed you may want to save the captured data for future analysis or you ...

Page 9: ...in the basic software controls and features for conducting the protocol analysis 2 1 802 11 Hardware 2 1 1 Attaching Antennas When you remove the Frontline 802 11 from the box the first step is to attach the antennas Figure 2 1 Figure 2 1 Front Panel 1 Attach an antenna to each front panel connector Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 3 ...

Page 10: ... power cable DC connector from the 12 volt AC adapter into the Power port on the Frontline 802 11 back panel Figure 2 3 Figure 2 3 Back Panel Power 2 Plug the 12 volt AC adapter into the AC power source The front panel Power light illuminate Figure 2 1 3 Insert the USB cable into the USB port on the Frontline 802 11 back panel Figure 2 4 TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 2 Getting Started 4 Frontline 802 11...

Page 11: ...ware clocks and timestamping One Frontline device will act as the master device by providing the clock to the slave device receiving the clock Do not confuse master and slave with the Bluetooth device master and slave relationships Refer to the following tables 802 111 802 112 802 111 802 112 OUT IN OUT IN Master Slave X X Slave Master X X Table 2 1 802 111 Synced to 802 112 BPA 600 802 11 BPA 600...

Page 12: ...e slave device receiving the clock The devices are connected in a daisy chain configuration Refer to the following table to Rear Panel Connectors on page 1 and to Connecting Powering the Frontline 802 11 on page 4 Sodera 802 11 Sodera 802 11 PROBESYNC OUT PROBESYNC IN OUT IN Master Slave X X Table 2 4 Sodera Synced to 802 11 1 Using a CAT 5 Ethernet cable less than 1 5 meters 4 9 feet insert one e...

Page 13: ... labeled Frontline version 1 Double click the Frontline version desktop folder This opens a standard Windows file folder window Figure 2 6 Desktop Folder Link 2 Double click on Frontline ComProbe Protocol Analysis System and the system displays the Select Data Capture Method dialog Note You can also access this dialog by selecting Start All Programs Frontline Version Frontline ComProbe Protocol An...

Page 14: ...og buttons 3 Expand the folder and select the data capture method that matches your configuration 4 Click on the Run button and the Frontline Control Window will open configured to the selected capture method Note If you don t need to identify a capture method then click the Run button to start the analyzer Creating a Shortcut A checkbox labeled Create Shortcut When Run is located near the bottom ...

Page 15: ...hortcut to start the analyzer in the associated protocol Supporting Documentation The Frontline version directory contains supporting documentation for development Automation DecoderScript application notes user documentation Quick Start Guides and the Frontline User Manual and maintenance tools 2 2 2 Frontline 802 11 Data Capture Method l 802 11 o Requires one Frontline 802 11 hardware o Captures...

Page 16: ...loper s Kit located in the Development Tools folder in Frontline Protocol Analysis System desktop folder and a white paper is available at Bluetooth Virtual Sniffing l FTS Side o No hardware required o Frontline software acquires data via user developed software l IEEE 11073 o No hardware required o for sniffing data virtually from the continua Enabling Software Library CESL IEEE 11073 tester 2 3 ...

Page 17: ...s the configuration settings that were in use when the capture file was created 2 3 1 Control Window Toolbar Toolbar icon displays vary according to operating mode and or data displayed Available icons appear in color while unavailable icons are not visible Grayed out icons are available for the Frontline hardware and software configuration in use but are not active until certain operating conditi...

Page 18: ...ty in the analyzer l Capture Status displays Not Active Paused or Running and refers to the state of data capture o Not Active means that the analyzer is not currently capturing data o Paused means that data capture has been suspended o Running means that the analyzer is actively capturing data l Used The next item shows how much of the buffer or capture file has been filled For example if you are...

Page 19: ...you are looking at a cfa file The following tables describe each menu Mode Selection Hot Key Description Live Close Closes Live mode Capture File Go Live Returns to Live mode Reframe If you need to change the protocol stack used to interpret a capture file and the framing is different in the new stack you need to reframe in order for the protocol decode to be correct See Reframing on page 60 Unfra...

Page 20: ... Capture File Event Display Ctrl Shift E Opens the Event Display window for analyzing byte level data Frame Display Ctrl Shift M Opens the Frame Display window for analyzing protocol level data Statistics Ctrl Shift S Opens the Statistics Window that shows information about packet throughput Coexistence View Opens the Coexistence View window that can simultaneously display Classic Bluetooth Blueto...

Page 21: ...ure from the configured wireless devices Stop Capture F10 Stops data capture from the configured wireless devices The following rows apply to all Frontline products Live Clear Shift F10 Clears or saves the capture file Table 2 9 Control Window Live Menu Selections Chapter 2 Getting Started TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 15 ...

Page 22: ...The Set Initial Decoder Parameters dialog provides a means to supply the context for any frame The system allows the user to define any number of parameters and save them in templates for later use Each entry in the window takes effect from the beginning of the capture onward or until redefined in the Set Subsequent Decoder Parameters dialog This selection is not present if no decoder is loaded th...

Page 23: ... windows are open the menu will display these selections Clicking on the selection will bring that window to the front Table 2 10 Control Window Windows Menu Selections Mode Selection Hot Key Description Live Capture File Help Topics Opens the Frontline Help window About Frontline Protocol Analysis System Provides a pop up showing the version and release information Frontline contact information a...

Page 24: ...18 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 2 Getting Started ...

Page 25: ... the Frontline devices To access the Hardware Settings dialog 1 Select Hardware Settings from the Options menu on the 802 11 Control window Figure 3 1 Wi Fi Scanner Hardware Settings Dialog 2 Select a device from the drop down list 3 Select OK If no devices are found the list is blank Note Upon launching the Air Sniffer the first device in the drop down is the default device 3 1 2 802 11 I O Setti...

Page 26: ... computer have different settings l Changing the settings changes the devices default settings l If a parameter is changed e g Channel 1 is changed to 6 the new setting appears the next time the I O Settings dialog is opened for the device l The settings are saved when the OK button is pressed 3 1 2 1 Settings TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 3 Configuration Settings 20 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software U...

Page 27: ...1 Expanded channels below the standard range o 1 Expanded channels above the standard range l FCS Filter The Frame Check Sequence filter indicates if the device should capture frames with an invalid FCS Select All Frames or Valid Frames Clicking on the Scanner button will open the Wi Fi Scanner dialog This action is useful if you do not know the channel to sniff Once you have selected a channel in...

Page 28: ...ress Capture Filters l To activate the capture filters and to be able to create modify additional filters you first must select the Enable MAC Address Capture Filters check box l You can select deselect which filters are active by checking unchecking the Enable checkbox in the first column in the table l You can also select to ignore Management Control Data and Reserved frame types by selecting on...

Page 29: ...ure Filters Tab To create a key select one of the following options l Add New Address displays a text box where you can enter the address Chapter 3 Configuration Settings TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 23 ...

Page 30: ... the device that transmits the frame The third and fourth address fields depend on the context of the frame Some of the control type frames do not include the transmitter address but they may be determined from previous frames 5 Select OK to close the dialog Once you have MAC addresses on the main dialog you can modify them using four options l Remove Address Highlight an address that you want to ...

Page 31: ... the software For that version the full update requires three complete passes through the update process followed by a power cycle of the ComProbe 802 11 Subsequent firmware updates may not require three firmware update cycles This procedure is designed to take you through one to three firmware update cycles Follow the procedure carefully paying attention to jumps around unnecessary steps and you ...

Page 32: ...are Update Tab 2 The Check for Updates dialog will open If an update is available you can install it by clicking on the Start Update button TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 3 Configuration Settings 26 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 33: ... 15 4 Click OK on the Check for Updates dialog 5 Click Cancel on the I O Settings dialog Settings tab See Settings on page 20 The ComProbe 802 11 will reset Wait for a solid Activity LED on the ComProbe hardware 6 Once the ComProbe 802 11 has reset select I O Settings from the Control Window Options menu 7 Click on the I O Settings dialog Firmware Update tab and then click on the Check for Updates...

Page 34: ...pdates continue to step 15 10 Click OK on the Check for Updates dialog 11 Click Cancel on the I O Settings dialog Settings tab See Settings on page 20 The ComProbe 802 11 will reset Wait for a solid Activity LED on the ComProbe hardware 12 Once the ComProbe 802 11 has reset select I O Settings from the Control Window Options menu 13 Click on the I O Settings dialog Firmware Update tab and then cli...

Page 35: ...obe 802 11 Unit Reset Complete Indication 17 Remove power from the ComProbe 802 11 unit and then reapply power Wait until the Activity LED comes back on and resume normal ComProbe operation When the ComProbe 802 11 serial number shows in the Control Window again the firmware update is complete 3 1 2 5 WiFi Security With ComProbe 802 11 the WiFi decryption is not done in the datasource It is done i...

Page 36: ...s and WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy data that is transmitted over a 802 11 communications link There are two values you have to enter for the WPA2 and WEP to be decrypted properly Bluetooth AMP The Bluetooth alternative MAC PHY AMP enables Bluetooth to support data rates up to 24 Mbps by using additional wireless radio technologies Pre shared Key The pre shared key is a 32 byte hex number Table 3 1...

Page 37: ...r the BR EDR Link Key See Note above WEP SSID The station ID of the 802 11 communications link WEP Passkey The shared passkey phrase used in communications Pre Shared Key Raw Hex Key Enter a 32 byte hex number WEP SSID The station ID of the 802 11 communications link WEP Passkey The shared passkey phrase used in communications Table 3 2 WiFi Encrypted Data Option Fields Enter the required security...

Page 38: ...e Start button or select Start Scanning from the Control menu to begin populating the list The Wi Fi Device Scanner dialog displays a list of discoverable Wi Fi devices in a table The devices are identified by l MAC Address l SSID l Type l Channel l Frequency l RSSI l First Seen l Last Seen Note You can select the Stop or Stop Scanning from the Configure menu anytime to stop the device search TELE...

Page 39: ...xport to CSV file The Save As menu appears 2 Select where you want to save the file in Save in 3 Enter a File Name 4 Select Save Configure From the Configure menu you can select Hardware Settings and I O Settings 3 1 2 6 2 Wi Fi Scanner Hardware Settings The Hardware Settings dialog provides the ability to select a device to sniff scan The dialog only lists devices with a MAC address that match th...

Page 40: ... Scanner window Figure 3 18 Wi Fi Device Scanner I O Settings Dialog 2 Scan Channels from Pick a lower and upper limit to scan a specific subset of frequencies By default all channels are selected Choosing a subset of frequencies to scan saves time and can be used when the user is interested in scanning only a certain range of frequencies 3 Enter an amount in msecs for Channel listen time Channel ...

Page 41: ...ceive the current PPDU RSSI shall be measured during the reception of the PLCP preamble RSSI is intended to be used in a relative manner and it shall be a monotonically increasing function of the received power Different vendors implement these value in their own way The ComProbe 802 11 uses an Atheros chipset which provides RSSI values in the range of 0 to 128 The radio hardware in the ComProbe 8...

Page 42: ...indow allows you to supply the context for any frame The dialog allows you to define any number of parameters and save them in a template for later use The decoder template function provides the capacity to create multiple templates that contain different parameters This capability allows you to maintain individual templates for each Bluetooth network monitored Applying a template containing only ...

Page 43: ...coder Parameters dialog Override Existing Parameters The Set Subsequent Decoder Parameters dialog allows the user to override an existing parameter at any frame in the capture where the parameter is used If you have a parameter in effect and wish to change that parameter l Select the frame where the change should take effect l Select Set Subsequent Decoder Parameters from the Options menu and make...

Page 44: ... on a later frame l The Remove Override button will remove the selected decode parameter override l The Remove All button will remove all decoder overrides If you do not have decoders loaded that require parameters the menu item does not appear and you don t need to worry about this feature 3 2 1 Decoder Parameter Templates 3 2 1 1 Select and Apply a Decoder Template TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 3 Conf...

Page 45: ...2 Enter a name for the new template and click OK The system saves the template and closes the Template Manager dialog 3 Click the OK button on the Set Initial Decoder Parameters window to apply the template and close the dialog Save Changes to a Template This procedure saves changes to parameters in an existing template 1 After making changes to parameter settings in a user defined template click ...

Page 46: ... are three types of types of encrypted data on the security tab each one selectable via a radio button Option Description WPA2 WPA2 Wi Fi Protected Access and WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy data that is transmitted over a 802 11 communications link There are two values you have to enter for the WPA2 and WEP to be decrypted properly Bluetooth AMP The Bluetooth alternative MAC PHY AMP enables Bluetoot...

Page 47: ...te See Note on the previous page WEP SSID The station ID of the 802 11 communications link WEP Passkey The shared passkey phrase used in communications Pre Shared Key Raw Hex Key Enter a 32 byte hex number WEP SSID The station ID of the 802 11 communications link WEP Passkey The shared passkey phrase used in communications Table 3 4 WiFi Encrypted Data Option Fields Figure 3 24 Decoder WiFi Securi...

Page 48: ...In such cases the analyzer users can tell the software which port numbers are assigned to which protocols The analyzer autotraverses the stack from TCP UDP and IPX based on the source or destination port number Many systems use user defined port numbers for both standard and custom protocols Here s how to tell the analyzer about a custom port assignment on the system you are monitoring Add a New P...

Page 49: ... is made a role switch occurs so that the PC becomes the master and the mouse becomes a slave The role switch takes place because the PC may be working with multiple devices at the same time and as such the PC would not be a slave of more than one device Let us say that a link exists between a PC and a keyboard with the PC a master If the mouse wants to become a member of the link it initiates the...

Page 50: ...lding Test Equipment The following equipment is required for the test setup All cables connectors and adapters and attenuators should be relatively flat from 2 GHz to 6 GHz 1 Coaxial cable All cable must be 50Ω and should be double shielded 2 Coaxial T connectors 50Ω 3 RP SMA adapters for connecting coaxial cable or attenuators to the antenna connectors 50Ω 4 AT1 AT9 20 dB attenuators 50Ω 5 Frontl...

Page 51: ...nd the Frontline 802 11 follow these steps to capture WiFi data 1 Establish data transmission between DUT 1 and DUT 2 2 Begin capture of the data with the Frontline 802 11 3 Conduct protocol analysis with the Frontline software on the personal computer or save the capture file for future analysis Chapter 3 Configuration Settings TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 45 ...

Page 52: ...46 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 3 Configuration Settings ...

Page 53: ...ion and scattering resulting in greater signal losses Indoors the situation can be worse Reflections occur from walls and other large flat surfaces Diffraction occurs from objects with sharp edges Scattering is produced from objects with rough surfaces and from small objects Also any object directly in the path of the radiation can present a hard or soft partition depending on the partition s mate...

Page 54: ... preferred for DUT and Frontline hardware positioning l If using an analyzer connected to a computer position the computer on an adjacent table or surface away from the analyzer and DUTs taking advantage of the cables length If this is not possible position the computer behind the analyzer as far away as possible If using the Frontline FTS4BT which is a dongle either use an extension USB cable or ...

Page 55: ...jects can cause signal scattering Figure 4 2 Example Poor Capture Environment 4 1 2 Capturing Data to Disk General Procedure Note Capture is not available in Viewer mode 1 Click the Start Capture button to begin capturing to a file This icon is located on the Control Event Display and Frame Display windows 2 Files are placed in My Capture Files by default and have a cfa extension Choose Directorie...

Page 56: ...e file is started o If you choose Cancel the dialog closes with no changes To see how to capture to a single file choose System Settings from the Options menu on the Control window When live capture stops no new packets are sniffed but there can still be packets that were previously sniffed but not yet read by the ComProbe analyzer This happens when packets are being sniffed faster than the ComPro...

Page 57: ... Frontline does not support or maintain third party products Should you have difficulty with your Wireshark product contact the manufacturer for support or maintenance Click on the ComProbe 802 11 with Wireshark short cut to launch and start capturing the Wi Fi packets If you do not see any packets on the Wireshark window then check the status message indication on the Wi Fi Datasource window to s...

Page 58: ...g the datasource will display the following message Sniffing can be stopped by clicking the Stop button Figure 4 5 Datasource Sniffing Figure 4 6 Wireshark Capture Dialog TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data 52 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 59: ...e Sniffing menu Note that the Restart command on the Wireshark window does not function The workaround is to click Reset on the Wi Fi Datasource then click Start on the Wireshark Capture menu Also the Wireshark Capture Filters menu does not function but you can use IO Settings menu on the Wi Fi Datasource window or Sniffing menu for setting filters Known Issues with Wireshark l In Real Time captur...

Page 60: ...ted serially in a daisy chain fashion The combined length of all cables in the chain cannot exceed 1 5 meters 4 5 ft l The master ComProbe device provides the clock to the other devices All other ComProbe devices are slaves and received the clock from the master device l On ComProbe devices with an OUT and IN connector the function of these connectors is dependent on if they are a master or a slav...

Page 61: ...UT an error message will appear Follow the instructions in error message To continue click on the OK button The ComProbe device datasource Status window will also display a warning message suggesting information sources Figure 4 10 Incorrect ProbeSync Hardware Connection Error Figure 4 11 Incorrect ProbeSync Hardware Connection Message In Datasource Status The BPA 600 datasource dialog Start Sniff...

Page 62: ...the synchronizing clock to the slave device hardware ProbeSync IN connector receiving the clock When the Frontline software runs in ProbeSync mode only the Sodera Control window and Sodera datasource window will appear Should the hardware be connected incorrectly that is IN to IN or OUT to OUT an error message will appear in the Event Log pane Figure 4 14 Incorrect ProbeSync Hardware Connection Me...

Page 63: ...ower mode Before the EIR tab was created this type of information was not available until a connection was made to a device Therefore EIR can be used to determine whether a connection can should be made to a device prior to making the connection Note If a Bluetooth device does not support Extended Inquiry Response the tab displays Received Signal Strength Indication RSSI data which is less extensi...

Page 64: ... with the analyzer the Remove Selected Item From List button becomes active 2 Click the Remove Selected Item From Listbutton to remove the stack from the list You cannot remove stacks provided with the analyzer If you remove a custom stack you need to define it again in order to get it back If you are changing the protocol stack for a capture file you may need to reframe See Reframing on page 60 f...

Page 65: ...o move it to the right 3 To remove a protocol from the stack double click it or select it and click the left arrow button 4 If you need to change the order of the protocols in the stack select the protocol you want to move and click on the Move Up and Move Down buttons until the protocol is in the correct position 5 The lowest layer protocol is at the top of the list with higher layer protocols li...

Page 66: ...tocol stack and then select Reframe from the File menu on the Control window Reframe is only available if the frame recognizer used to capture the data is different from the current frame recognizer In addition to choosing to Reframe you can also be prompted to Reframe by the Protocol Stack Wizard 1 Load your capture file by choosing Open from the File menu on the Control window and select the fil...

Page 67: ... PSM but the principle is the same for RFCOMM channel numbers and TCP UDP port numbers The analyzer looks for SDP Service Attribute Responses or Service Search Attribute Responses carrying protocol descriptor lists If the analyzer sees L2CAP listed with a PSM it stores the PSM and the UUID for the next protocol in the list After the SDP session is over the analyzer looks at the PSM in the L2CAP Co...

Page 68: ...ovide information If you need to change this information for a particular frame 1 Right click on the frame in the Frame Display window 2 Choose Provide context name Alternatively you can choose Set Subsequent Decoder Parameter from the Options menu 3 This option brings up a dialog showing all the places where context data was overridden 4 If you know that information is missing you can t provide i...

Page 69: ...b in the General group filters in all packets containing that protocol regardless of each packet s technology l Clicking on a protocol filter tab in a technology specific group filters in all packets containing that protocol on that technology l A protocol filter tab appears in the General group only if the protocol occurs in more than one of the technology specific tab groups For example if L2CAP...

Page 70: ...ne display Frame wrapped out of buffer l When the selected frame is still being captured all Frame Display panes except the Summary pane display Frame incomplete 4 3 1 1 Frame Display Toolbar The buttons that appear in the Frame Display window vary according to the particular configuration of the analyzer For controls not available the icons will be grayed out Icon Description Control Brings the C...

Page 71: ... graph stays blank until a frame from 10 minutes ago or less is decoded Find Search for errors string patterns special events and more Display Capture Notes Brings up the Capture Notes window where you can view or add notes to the capture file Add Modify Bookmark Add a new or modify an existing bookmark Display All Bookmarks Shows all bookmarks and lets you move between bookmarks Coexistence View ...

Page 72: ...e arranged on the Frame Display Additional layouts are listed in the View menu Show Default Panes Returns the panes to their default settings Show Only Summary Pane Displays only the Summary pane Shall All Panes Except Event Pane Makes the Decode pane taller and the Summary pane narrower Toggle Display Lock Prevents the display from updating Go To Frame First Frame Moves to the first frame in the ...

Page 73: ... Layer box is some text giving the protocol stack currently in use Table 4 1 Frame Display Toolbar Icons continued Note If the frames are sorted in other than ascending frame number order the order of the frames in the buffer is the sorted order Therefore the last frame in the buffer may not have the last frame number 4 3 1 2 Frame Display Status Bar The Frame Display Status bar appears at the bot...

Page 74: ... Display window show the logical data or the resulting byte values after escape codes or other character altering codes have been applied a process called transformation As an example bytes with a value of less than 0x20 the 0x indicates a hexadecimal value cannot be transmitted in Async PPP To get around this a 0x7d is transmitted before the byte The 0x7d says to take the next byte and subtract 0...

Page 75: ...e Decode Pane for a value you enter in the text box To use Find 1 Select the frame where you want to begin the search 2 Enter a value in the Find text box Note The text box is disabled during a live capture 3 Select Find Previous Occurrence to begin the search on frames prior to the frame you selected or Find Next Occurrence to begin the search on frames following the frame you selected Chapter 4 ...

Page 76: ... is completed you cannot search until Frame Display has finished decoding the frames l Find is not case sensitive l The status of the search is displayed at the bottom of the dialog l The search occurs only on the protocol layer selected l To search across all the protocols on the Frame Display select the Unfiltered tab l A drop down list displays the search values entered during the current sessi...

Page 77: ...inguish it from the others l To navigate between multiple Frame Displays click on the Frame Display icon in the Control window toolbar A drop down list appears listing all the currently open Frame Displays l Select the one you want from the list and it comes to the front Note When you create a filter in one Frame Display that filter does not automatically appear in the other Frame Display You must...

Page 78: ...e the pane 4 3 1 10 Frame Display Byte Export The captured frames can be exported as raw bytes to a text file 1 From the Frame Display File menu select Byte Export Figure 4 18 Frame Display File menu Byte Export 2 From the Byte Export window specify the frames to export l All Frames exports all filtered in frames including those scrolled off the Summary pane Filtered in frames are dependent on the...

Page 79: ... the Save button The exported frames are in a text file that can be opened in any standard text editing application The header shows the export type the capture file name the selected filter tab and the number of frames The body shows the frame number the timestamp in the same format shown in the Frame Display Summary pane and the frame contents as raw bytes Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data ...

Page 80: ... is displayed in red The Decode Pane gives precise information as to the type of error and where it occurred The Summary pane is synchronized with the other panes in this window Click on a frame in the Summary pane and the bytes for that frame is highlighted in the Event pane while the Decode pane displays the full decode for that frame Any other panes which are being viewed are updated accordingl...

Page 81: ...col decode l Info appears when a frame containing an Information field is first seen The tabs disappear when the capture buffer is cleared during live capture or when decoders are reloaded even if one of the tabs is currently selected They subsequently reappear as the corresponding events are detected The tabs disappear when the capture buffer is cleared during live capture or when decoders are re...

Page 82: ...double click on the column dividers Hiding Columns To hide a column 1 Drag the right divider of the column all the way to the left 2 The cursor changes to a split double arrow when a hidden column is present 3 To show the hidden column place the cursor over the divider until it changes to a split double arrow then click and drag the cursor to the right 4 The Frame Size Timestamp and Delta columns ...

Page 83: ...ear in the column next to the bookmark symbol Table 4 2 Frame Symbols 4 3 1 11 4 Decode Pane The Decode pane aka detail pane is a post process display that provides a detailed decode of each frame transaction sometimes referred to as a frame The decode is presented in a layered format that can be expanded and collapsed depending on which layer or layers you are most interested in Click on the plus...

Page 84: ...r pane displays the logical bytes rather than the physical bytes the data in the Character pane may be different from that in the Event pane See Physical vs Logical Byte Display for more information Colors are used to show which protocol layer each byte belongs to The colors correspond to the layers listed in the Decode pane The Event Radix Binary Character and Decode panes are all synchronized wi...

Page 85: ... synchronized with one another Clicking on an element in any one of the panes highlights the corresponding element in all the other panes 4 3 1 11 9 Change Text Highlight Color Whenever you select text in the Binary Radix or Character panes in Frame Display the text is displayed with a highlight color You can change the color of the highlight 1 Select Change Text Highlight Color from the Options m...

Page 86: ...er Colors You can differentiate different protocol layers in the Decode Event Radix Binary and Character panes 1 Choose Select Protocol Layer Colors from the Options menu to change the colors used The colors for the different layers is displayed 2 To change a color click on the arrow next to each layer and select a new color 3 Select OK to accept the color change and return to Frame Display Select...

Page 87: ...w a user to look at a subset of captured data without affecting the capture content There are three general classes of display filters l Protocol Filters l Named Filters l Quick Filter Protocol Filters Protocol filters test for the existence of a specific single layer The system creates a protocol filter for each decoder that is loaded if that layer is encountered in a capture session There are al...

Page 88: ...Modify Display Filters from the Filter menu to open the Set Condition dialog box The Set Condition dialog is self configuring which means that when you Select each frame under Conditions the following displayed fields depend on your selection With each subsequent selection the dialog fields will change depending on you selection in that field Figure 4 25 Example Set Conditions Self Configuring Bas...

Page 89: ...ou must use the Hide Reveal feature to display a filter created in one Frame Display in different Frame Display window 4 3 1 13 1 2 Including and Excluding Radio Buttons All filter dialog boxes contain an Include and an Exclude radio button These buttons are mutually exclusive The Include Exclude selection becomes part of the filter definition and appears as part of the filter description displaye...

Page 90: ...e filter to the data set The analyzer combines both filter definition and application in one dialog 1 Click the Display Filters icon on the Frame Display window or select Apply Modify Display Filters from the filter menu to open the Set Condition dialog box 2 Click the Advanced button on the Set Condition dialog box 3 Select Include or Exclude radio button Now you can set the conditions for the fi...

Page 91: ...right of the toolbar in the Frame Display windows Note The OK button on the Set Condition dialog box is unavailable grayed out until the condition selections are complete 4 3 1 13 1 5 Defining Node and Conversation Filters There are two steps to using Node and Conversation display filter Define the filter conditions and then apply the filter to the data set The analyzer combines both filter defini...

Page 92: ...lters If you wish to remove a filter from the system permanently then use the Delete procedure However if all you want to do is remove a filter as a means to un clutter the display then use the Hide procedure Deleting a saved filter removes the filter from the current session and all subsequent sessions In order to retrieve a deleted filter the user must recreate it using the Set Conditions dialog...

Page 93: ...window to open the Hide Show Filters dialog The system displays the Hide Show Filters dialog with a list of all user defined filters 2 Select the filter to be revealed from the combo box 3 Click the Show button 4 Click OK The Hide Show Filters dialog box closes and the system reveals the filter in the Frame Display You can also open the Quick Filter dialog and check the box next to the hidden filt...

Page 94: ...he top of the dialog and click OK If you choose to create an additional filter then provide a new name for the filter condition or accept the default name provided by the system and click OK The Set Condition dialog box closes and the system applies the modified filter Note When a display filter is applied a description of the filter appears to the right of the toolbar in the Frame Display windows...

Page 95: ...vided by the system and click OK The Set Condition dialog box closes and the system applies the modified filter Note When a display filter is applied a description of the filter appears to the right of the toolbar in the Frame Display windows Renaming a Display Filter 1 Select Rename Display Filters from the Filter menu in the Frame Display window to open the Rename Filter dialog The system displa...

Page 96: ...r or an advertising packet Connection filtering displays only the frames protocols summary details and events for the selected connections Note Connection Filters are not persistent across sessions 4 3 1 13 2 1 Creating a Connection Filter In the Frame Display there are four ways to create a connection filter From the Frame Display Filter menu Click on the Frame Display Filter menu Connection Filt...

Page 97: ...lter from the pop up menu The procedure for creating a connection filter are identical as described in From the Frame Display Filter menu above Figure 4 33 Connection Filter from the Frame Display Toolbar right click From the Frame Display panes Right click anywhere in a Frame Display pane and select Connection Filter in the pop up menu The procedure for creating a connection filter are identical ...

Page 98: ...th a Classic Bluetooth link or a Bluetooth low energy access address an additional pop up menu item will appear as shown in the example image below This selection is a predetermined filter based on your selection In the example frame 6471 is associated with Link 4 so the predetermined filter assumes that you may want create a connection filter for that link Clicking on Connection Filter Link 4 wil...

Page 99: ...en The original Frame Display will remain open and can be minimized Note The system currently limits the number of frame displays to 5 This limit includes any Frame Displays opened using Duplicate View from the Toolbar see Working with Multiple Frame Displays on page 71 The new Frame Display with the filtered connection frames will only contain the data defined by the filter criteria That is the c...

Page 100: ... the filtered display there are four low energy protocol tabs as compared to nine in the original display This access address connection is not using five of the protocols From any open Frame display the user can set another Connection Filter based on the original data set Display Example 2 All 802 11 data filtered in In this example there is a capture file with Classic Bluetooth Bluetooth low ene...

Page 101: ...ection Filter selecting All 802 11 frames front 4 3 1 13 3 Protocol Filtering from the Frame Display 4 3 1 13 3 1 Quick Filtering on a Protocol Layer On the Frame Display click the Quick Filtering icon or select Quick Filtering from the Filter menu This opens a dialog that lists all the protocols discovered so far The protocols displayed change depending on the data received Chapter 4 Capturing an...

Page 102: ...nd Character panes The frames containing that type data will still appear in the Summary pane but not in the Decode Binary Radix and Character panes The box on the right is the Named Filters It contains filters that you create using the Named Filter and Set Condition dialogs When you select the checkbox for the Name Filters a tab appears on the Summary Pane that displays the frame containing the s...

Page 103: ... that displays the results of the All Frames With Errors filter Note When you have multiple Frame Display windows open and you are capturing data you may receive an error message declaring that Filtering cannot be done while receiving data this fast If this occurs you may have to stop filtering until the data is captured 4 3 2 Coexistence View Click here to see an introduction video The Coexistenc...

Page 104: ...es the Coexistence View window Table 4 3 Coexistence View File Menu Selections Selection Description Show Packet Number When checked the packet number shows below the packet in the Viewport Show Packet Type When checked the packet type shows below the packet in the Viewport Table 4 4 Coexistence View Format Menu Selections TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data 98 Frontline 802 11 ...

Page 105: ...ghput indicator All radio button Use Selected Packets for Throughput Indicators When checked the packets selected in the Viewport are used for average throughput calculations and selected packets in the one second before the last selected packet are used for the 1 sec throughput See on page 108 for more information Performs the same function as the throughput indicator Selected radio button Use Vi...

Page 106: ...to Mode When check shows only timelines which have had packets at some point during this session If no packets are present the 2 4 GHz Timeline is visible Performs the same function as the Timeline Auto radio button The following two selections are mutually exclusive Show Low Energy Packets From Configurated Devices Only When checked shows in the 2 4 GHz Timeline only packets from Bluetooth low en...

Page 107: ...ms the same fuction as the Freeze Y button which appears with the Zoomed Throughput Graph When not checked the y axis scales are unfroozen Performs the same function as the Unfreeze Y button which appears with the Zoomed Throughput Graph See on page 114 Show Tooltips in Upper Left Corner of Screen When checked Timeline and Throughput Graph tooltips will appear in the upper left corner of your comp...

Page 108: ...red by the selected packets Zoom To Throughput Graph Data Point When clicked the Viewport duration changes to the time range of the Throughput Graph selected data point Custom Zoom Set by Zoom To Time Range of Selected Packets Zoom To Throughput Graph Data Point or dragging Viewport Slide Automatically checked when taking any zoom action other than the fixed Viewport zoom durations listed below Ta...

Page 109: ...0 Bluetooth slots 62 5 msec 100 Bluetooth slots 156 255 msec 250 Bluetooth slots 31 25 msec 500 Bluetooth slots 625 msec 1 000 Bluetooth slots 1 sec 1 600 Bluetooth slots 2 sec 3 200 Bluetooth slots 3 sec 4 800 Bluetooth slots 4 sec 6 400 Bluetooth slots 5 sec 8 000 Bluetooth slots 10 sec 16 000 Bluetooth slots 20 sec 32 000 Bluetooth slots Table 4 5 Coexistence View Zoom Menu Selections continued...

Page 110: ... Timeline Performs the same function as the Previous Retransmitted Packet button Next Retransmitted Packet When clicked selects the next retransmitted packet from the current selection and displays it in the Timeline Performs the same function as the Next Retransmitted Packet Previous Invalid IFS Packet When clicked selects the first prior invalid Bluetooth low energy IFS packet from the current s...

Page 111: ...t type is selected in the Coexistence View Legend Refer to on page 119 Performs the same functions as the Next Legend Packet button Last Legend Packet When clicked selects the last legend packet in the session and displays it in the Timeline This control is enabled when a bold packet type is selected in the Coexistence View Legend Refer to on page 119 Performs the same functions as the Last Legend...

Page 112: ...tooth low energy Move to the previous bad packet Move to the next bad packet Move to the first packet of the type selected in the legend Move to the previous packet of the type selected in the legend Move to the next packet of the type selected in the legend Move to the last packet of the type selected in the legend Zoom in Zoom out Scroll cursor Table 4 7 Coexistence View Toolbar icons TELEDYNE L...

Page 113: ...e to see a video on the Throughput Indicators Throughput Indicators Figure 4 42 Coexistence View Throughput Indicators Throughput indicatorsshow average throughput and 1 second throughput for Classic Bluetooth all devices master devices and slave devices are each shown separately Bluetooth low energy and 802 11 4 3 2 4 Throughput Throughput is total packet or payload size in bits of the included p...

Page 114: ...r average throughput and packets occurring in the last 1 second of the session are used for 1 second throughput except that Bluetooth low energy packets from non configured devices can be excluded as noted above 4 3 2 7 Selected radio button Selected packets the selected packet range is shown in the timeline header are used for average throughput and packets in the 1 second duration ending at the ...

Page 115: ...io button was selected and a single packet was selected and the duration in that case is the duration of the single packet which makes for a very small denominator in the throughput calculation When the average throughput exceeds the indicator width a plus sign is drawn at the right end of the indicator Figure 4 45 Average throughput indicators show a plus sign when the indicator width is exceeded...

Page 116: ... per line reaches 300 the number of data points per line is halved to 150 and the duration per data point is doubled The duration per data point thus progresses from 0 1 s to 0 2 s to 0 4 s to 0 8 s and so on 4 3 2 11 Throughput Graph Y axis labels The y axis labels show the throughput in bits per second From left to right the labels are for 802 11 Bluetooth low energy and Classic Bluetooth The du...

Page 117: ... the upper left corner of your computer screen to provide an unobstructed view Refer to Relocating Tool Tips 4 3 2 14 Discontinuities A discontinuity is when the timestamp going from one packet to the next either goes backward by any amount or forward by more than 4 01 s This value is used because the largest possible connection interval in Bluetooth low energy is 4 0 s A discontinuity is drawn as...

Page 118: ...y dragging it or by clicking on the desired location in the Throughput Graph the viewport will be centered at the click point The viewport is sized by dragging one of its sides or by using one of the other zooming techniques See the Zooming subsection in the Timeline section for a complete list 4 3 2 16 Swap button The Throughput Graph and Timeline can be made to trade positions by clicking the Sw...

Page 119: ...are different sizes for each technology so that they reveal overlapping data points which otherwise wouldn t be visible A tooltip can be displayed for each dot Dots can be removed for greater visibility of the plots when data points are crowded together Figure 4 54 Dots Toggled On and Off Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 113 ...

Page 120: ...put in the time range covered by the viewport in the Throughput Graph Both the Zoomed Throughput Graph and the Timelines are synchronized with the Throughput Graph s viewport The viewport is sized by dragging one of its sides or by using one of the other zooming techniques listed in the Zooming subsection in the Timelines section TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data 114 Frontline...

Page 121: ...t to compare different time ranges or durations Clicking the Freeze Y button freezes the y axis scales and makes it possible to compare all time ranges and durations the name of the button changes to Unfreeze Y and a Y Scales Frozen indicator appears to the right of the title Clicking the Unfreeze Y button unfreezes the y axis scales Figure 4 57 Zoomed Throughput Graph Largest Value Snaps to Top C...

Page 122: ...h case the scroll cursor is shown When the zoom cursor is in the Timelines or Zoomed Throughput Graph zooming occurs around the point in time where the zoom cursor is positioned When the zoom cursor is outside the Timelines and the Zoomed Throughput Graph the left edge of those displays is the zoom point 4 3 2 20 Comparison with the Bluetooth Timeline s Throughput Graph The Throughput Graphs for C...

Page 123: ...e address where any packet with that source address is considered a Tx packet and is shown with a purple border in the timelines All source MAC addresses that have been seen during this session are listed in the dialog that appears when the Set button is clicked Also listed is the last source MAC address that was set in the dialog in the previous session If that address has not yet been seen in th...

Page 124: ...r to show one or both timelines while the Auto button shows only timelines which have had packets at some point during this session If no packets have been received at all and the Auto button is selected the 2 4 GHz timeline is shown 4 3 2 24 Coexistence View low energy Devices Radio Buttons The radio buttons in the LE Devices group where LE means Bluetooth low energy specify both visibility and i...

Page 125: ...try is bold if any such packets currently exist Clicking on a bold entry enables the black legend navigation arrows in the toolbar for that entry 4 3 2 26 Coexistence View Timelines Click here to see a Coexistence View Timeline video Figure 4 62 Coexistence View Timelines The Timelines show Classic Bluetooth Bluetooth low energy and 802 11 packets by channel and time Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyz...

Page 126: ... its right edge indicates the end time The height of Classic Bluetooth and Bluetooth low energy packets indicates their frequency range 1 MHz and 2 MHz respectively Since 802 11 channels are so wide 22 MHz 802 11 packets are drawn with an arbitrary 1 MHz height and centered within a separate frequency range box which indicates the actual frequency range Selecting a packet by clicking on it draws a...

Page 127: ...inning of each packet and Span duration from the beginning of the first selected packet to the end of the last selected packet Figure 4 66 Timeline header for multiple selected packets Text can be displayed at each packet by selecting Show Packet Number Show Packet Type and Show Packet Subtype from the Format menu Figure 4 67 Descriptive text on timeline packets Placing the mouse pointer on a pack...

Page 128: ... information In the Format menu select Show Tooltips in Upper Left Corner of Screen and any time you mouse over a packet the tool tip will appear anchored in the upper left corner of the computer screen To return to viewing the tool tip adjacent to the packets deselect the tool tip format option in the menu TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data 122 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Softwa...

Page 129: ...Figure 4 69 Coexistence View Format Menu Show Tooltips on Computer Screen Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 123 ...

Page 130: ...s There are two Timelines available for viewing one for the 5 GHz range and one for the 2 4 GHz range Classic Bluetooth and Bluetooth low energy occur only in the 2 4 GHz range 802 11 can occur in both TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data 124 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 131: ...unt This packet range matches the packet range shown above the viewport in the Throughput Graph as it must since the viewport defines the time range used by the timelines When no packets are in the time range each of the two packet numbers is drawn with an arrow to indicate the next packet in each direction and can be clicked on to navigate to that packet the packet number changes color when the m...

Page 132: ...omed in far enough Bluetooth slot markers appear in the 2 4 GHz timeline A Bluetooth slot is 625 µs wide Figure 4 74 Vertical blue lines are Bluetooth slot markers 4 3 2 31 Zooming There are various ways to zoom TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data 126 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 133: ...of Zoom to Selected Packet The zoom buttons and tools step through the zoom presets and custom zoom where the custom zoom is logically inserted in value order into the zoom preset list for this purpose 4 3 2 32 Discontinuities Click here to see a Timeline Discontinuities video A discontinuity is when the timestamp going from one packet to the next either goes backward by any amount or forward by m...

Page 134: ... duration of 15 625 ms the relative time shown in the footer But the discontinuity graphic consumes the width of a Bluetooth slot 625 µs and that area is 7 19984 s of absolute time as shown by the Gap value in the header So the absolute time is 7 21484 s Zoom level duration Bluetooth slot duration Gap duration 15 625 ms 625 µs 7 19984 s 0 015625 s 0 000625 s 7 199840 s 0 015000 s 7 199840 s 7 2148...

Page 135: ...This High Speed Live View is essentially the Viewport from the standard Coexistence View When viewing High Speed Live only 802 11 traffic is visible Because Bluetooth packets are slow they are not visible in High Speed mode 1 Click on the Control window File menu and select Close 2 The Control window will open again Click on the Control Window File menu and select Go Live High Speed Mode Chapter 4...

Page 136: ... Click on the Coexistence View button and the High Speed View will appear The Coexistence View High Speed Live Mode window will appear Figure 4 80 High Speed Live Window TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data 130 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 137: ...e shown in red to make them easy to spot When capturing data live the analyzer continually updates the Event Display as data is captured Make sure the Lock icon is displayed on the toolbar to prevent the display from updating Clicking on the icon again will unlock the display While locked you can review your data run searches determine delta time intervals between bytes and check CRCs To resume up...

Page 138: ...tes to the capture file Add Modify Bookmark Add a new or modify an existing bookmark Display All Bookmarks Shows all bookmarks and lets you move between bookmarks Find Search for errors string patterns special events and more Go To Opens the Go To dialog where you can specify which event number to go to CRC Change the algorithm and seed value used to calculate CRCs To calculate a CRC select a byte...

Page 139: ... be frozen or live The Event Display windows are numbered in the title bar If you have multiple Event Displays open click on the Event Display icon on the Control window toolbar to show a list of all the Event Displays currently open Select a window from the list to bring it to the front 4 4 4 Calculating CRCs or FCSs The cyclic redundancy check CRC is a function on the Event Display window used t...

Page 140: ... Display window displays the delta time and the data rate in the status lines at the bottom of the window Figure 4 82 Delta fields 4 4 6 Switching Between Live Update and Review Mode The Event Display and Frame Display windows can update to display new data during live capture or be frozen to allow data analysis By default the Event Display continually updates with new data and the Frame Display i...

Page 141: ... and what they mean 4 4 7 2 Switching Between Hex Decimal Octal or Binary On the Event Display window the analyzer displays data in Hex by default There are several ways to change the radix2 used to display data Go to the Format menu and select the radix you want A check mark next to the radix indicates which set is currently being used Figure 4 83 Format Menu 1An event is anything that happens on...

Page 142: ...ta 1 Go to the Format menu and select the character set you want A check mark next to the character set indicates which set is currently being used 2 With the data displayed in characters right click on the data panel header label to choose a different character set If you want to see only characters click on the Characters Only icon on the Event Display toolbar 4 4 7 4 Selecting Mixed Channel Sid...

Page 143: ...signal s changed In addition to data bytes the events shown are in alphabetical order Symbol Event Abort Broken Frame The frame did not end when the analyzer expected it to This occurs most often with protocols where the framing is indicated by a specific character control signal change or other data related event Buffer Overflow Indicates a buffer overflow error A buffer overflow always causes a ...

Page 144: ...ttery in the ComProbe is low Short Break SPY Event SPY Mode only SPY events are commands sent by the application being spied on to the UART Start of Frame Marks the start of a frame Begin Sync Character Strip End Sync Character Strip Sync Dropped Sync Found Sync Hunt Entered Sync Lost Test Device Stopped Responding The analyzer lost contact with the ComProbe for some reason often because there is ...

Page 145: ...gure 4 87 Event Display Font Size Selection 3 Click OK 4 5 Data Audio Extraction You use Data Audio Extraction to pull out data from various decoded Bluetooth protocols Once you have extracted the data you can save them into different file types such as text files graphic files email files mp3 files and more Then you can examine the specific files information individually 1 You access this dialog ...

Page 146: ... Stereo File Note This option is for SCO eSCO only 5 Select the checkbox if you want to convert A Law and µ law to Linear PCM CVSD are always converted to Linear PCM It s probably a good idea to convert to Linear PCM since more media players accept this format Note This option is for SCO eSCO only 6 Select the Add Silence packets to insert the silence packets dummy packets for the reserved empty s...

Page 147: ... and Audio Extraction Status dialogs appear When the process is complete the dialogs display what files have been created and where they are located Figure 4 89 Data and Audio Extraction Status If you selected Open Files s After Extraction the files open automatically 10 If you did not select this option you can open a file by simply double clicking on the name Also if a file type is unknown you c...

Page 148: ... finished select Close to close the dialogs 4 6 Statistics 4 6 1 Statistics Window The Statistics window supplies basic information about the data on the network When reviewing a capture file the Statistics window shows a summary of the data in the file TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data 142 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 149: ...a is not actively being captured Activate the Lock icon to stop the window from updating Click the Unlock icon again to resume updating The analyzer continues to monitor network traffic while the Statistics window is locked so you may see the numbers jump right after updating has resumed reflecting all the statistics that were gathered while the window was locked Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing ...

Page 150: ... Display Toolbar Status Bar Toggle Display Lock When checked the displayed statistics will stop updating although data is still being captured Unchecking will resume statistics updating Reset Available during live capture Resets all displayed statistics and restarts the calculations Graph Graph Errors Opens the Errors 802 11 window Options I O Settings Performs the same function as the control Win...

Page 151: ...ws you to record statistics for a new trip In this way you can effectively start a new session without having to restart the analyzer If the Reset button was pressed during the capture then the numbers on this tab differs from the numbers on the Session tab The timestamp appearing in Session tab fields is the timestamp of when the analysis began The timestamp appearing in the Resettable tab fields...

Page 152: ...ppears when you select the window from the icon in the Control window toolbar or the Frame Display toolbar The dialog is view only there is no user interaction possible The window displays the percentage of packets with and without errors in a pie chart and in a table 4 6 5 Graphs 4 6 5 1 Statistics Errors Graphs Open the Statistics window and click on the picture of a graph on the Errors table he...

Page 153: ...stics window The window displays the errors in either a pie chart or bar graph format Click the Pie icon to display a pie chart and click the Bar icon to display a bar graph 4 6 5 2 Printing Error Graphs Click the Print icon to print the graph The analyzer prints exactly what is shown in the window Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manua...

Page 154: ...148 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 4 Capturing and Analyzing Data ...

Page 155: ...decoding data within the ComProbe analyzer produces a wealth of information for analysis This mass of information by itself however is just that a mass of information There has to be ways to manage the information ComProbe software provides a number of different methods for making the data more accessible One of these methods is Find Figure 5 1 Find Dialog Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User M...

Page 156: ...do a string search on the data in the Decode Pane of the Frame Display window To access the search within decodes function 1 Open a capture file to search 2 Open the Event Display or Frame Display window 3 Click on the Find icon or choose Find from the Edit menu 4 Click on the Decode tab of the Find dialog Note The tabs displayed on the Find dialog depend on the product you are running and the con...

Page 157: ...for All Errors finds frame errors as well as frames with byte level errors such as parity or CRC errors l Search for Frame Errors Only finds frame specific errors such as frame check errors l Search for Information Frame only searches information frames 1 Enter the search string 2 Check Ignore Case to do a case insensitive search 3 When you have specified the time interval you want to use click on...

Page 158: ...arch to just the DTE side The first pattern doesn t qualify because it is split between the DTE and DCE sides and the third pattern though whole comes from just the DCE side If we choose both the DTE and the DCE sides in the above example then the analyzer finds the second pattern followed by the third pattern but not the first pattern This is because each side has one instance in which the whole ...

Page 159: ... you to enter a string in the text box You can use characters hex or binary digits control characters wildcards or a combination of any of the formats when entering your string Every time you type in a search string the ComProbe analyzer saves the search The next time you open Find the drop down list will contain your search parameters 1 Enter the search pattern 2 Check Ignore Case to do a case in...

Page 160: ...d Event Display window To access the search by time function 1 Open a capture file to search 2 Open the Event Display or Frame Display window 3 Click on the Find icon or choose Find from the Edit menu 4 Click on the Time tab of the Find dialog Note The tabs displayed on the Find dialog depend on the product you are running and the content of the capture file you are viewing Figure 5 6 Find by Time...

Page 161: ...r after the specified time by clicking the appropriate radio button in the Go to the timestamp box If you are searching forward in the buffer you usually want to choose the On or After option If you choose the On or Before option it may be that the analyzer finishes the search and not move from the current byte if that byte happens to be the closest match When you select Absolute as Search for the...

Page 162: ...You can move either forward or backwards through the data To access the Go To function 1 Open a capture file to search 2 Open the Event Display or Frame Display window 3 Click on the Find icon or choose Find from the Edit menu 4 Click on the Go To tab of the Find dialog 5 The system displays the Find dialog with the Go To tab selected Note The tabs displayed on the Find dialog depend on the produc...

Page 163: ...he Event Display window or Frame Display Event pane choose All Events Number If the Show All Events button is up choose Data Event Number 5 1 5 Searching for Special Events Frontline inserts or marks events other than data bytes in the data stream For example the analyzer inserts start of frame and end of frame markers into framed data marking where each frame begins and ends If a hardware error o...

Page 164: ...g with Signal allows you to search for changes in control signal states for one or more control signals You can also search for a specific state involving one or more control signals with the option to ignore those control signals whose states you don t care about The analyzer takes the current selected byte as its initial condition when running searches that rely on finding events where control s...

Page 165: ...d dialog depend on the product you are running and the content of the capture file you are viewing Figure 5 9 Find Signal tab Chapter 5 Navigating and Searching the Data TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 159 ...

Page 166: ... the search The other signals are ignored The control signals types include l USB Pin 1 l USB Pin 2 l USB Pin 3 l USB Pin 4 or l RS232 Request to Send RTS l RS232 Clear to Send CTS l RS232 Data Set Ready DSR l RS232 Data Terminal Ready DTR l RS232 Carrier Detect CD l RS232 Ring Indicator RI Click here to learn more about the Breakout Box and Pins 1 4 Searching for event where l The first three opt...

Page 167: ...e state of the control signals that you specify o First choose to search for an event where your choices exactly describe the state o This changes the normal check boxes to a series of radio buttons labeled On Off and Don t Care for each control signal o Choose which state you want each control signal to be in o Choose Don t Care to have the analyzer ignore the state of a control signal o When you...

Page 168: ... when looking through the data To access the search by time function 1 Open a capture file to search 2 Open the Event Display or Frame Display window 3 Click on the Find icon or choose Find from the Edit menu 4 Click on the Errors tab of the Find dialog Note The tabs displayed on the Find dialog depend on the product you are running and the content of the capture file you are viewing Figure 5 11 F...

Page 169: ... search for an event where one or more error conditions were off and choose to search only for framing The analyzer searches the file and finds the point at which framing errors stopped occurring Searching for an event where the error conditions changed means that the analyzer searches the data and stop at every point where the error condition changed from on to off or off to on For example if you...

Page 170: ...but it really doesn t matter if they did or not choose overrun to be On and set the others to Don t Care The analyzer ignores any other type of error and find events where overrun errors occurred To find the next error click the Find Next button To find an error that occurred earlier in the buffer to where you are click the Find Previous button 5 1 8 Find Bookmarks Searching with Bookmarks allows ...

Page 171: ...k tab will also appear when using functions other than Find such as when clicking on the Display All Bookmarks icon 5 1 9 Changing Where the Search Lands When doing a search in the analyzer the byte or bytes matching the search criteria are highlighted in the Event Display The first selected byte appears on the third line of the display To change the line on which the first selected byte appears 1...

Page 172: ...leave yourself a reminder leave someone else a reminder etc Once you create a bookmark it will be saved with the rest of the data in the cfa file When you open a cfa file the bookmarks are available to you Once you have created a bookmark you can use the Find function or other navigation methods to locate and move among them 5 2 1 Adding Modifying or Deleting a Bookmark You can add modify or delet...

Page 173: ...ialog a Select Add or Modify Bookmark from the Bookmarks menu on the Frame Display and Event Display b Select the Add or Modify Bookmark icon on one of the toolbars or c Right click on the frame event and choosing Modify Bookmark on the selection 3 Click on the Delete button The bookmark will be deleted 4 You can also select Display All Bookmarks from the Frame Display and Event Display toolbar or...

Page 174: ...To delete a bookmark select it and click the Delete button To modify a bookmark select it and click the Modify button Click Remove All to delete all the bookmarks TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 5 Navigating and Searching the Data 168 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 175: ...e two ways to save portions or all of the data collected during a data capture Click here to see how to capture data to disk 6 1 1 Saving the Entire Capture File This option is only available when you select Single File from the Capture Mode on System Settings Click here to learn more about selecting Save options from System Settings 1 If you are capturing data click on the Stop Capture icon to st...

Page 176: ...or Frame Display window 3 Right click in the data 4 Select Save Selection or Save As from the right click menu 5 Click on the radio button labeled Entire File 6 Choose to save Events or Frames Choosing to save Events saves the entire contents of the capture file Choosing to save Frames does not save all events in the capture file 7 Type a file name in the As box at the bottom of the screen Click t...

Page 177: ...y a range type the numbers of the first and last items in the range in the boxes 7 Select either Events or Frames to indicate whether the numbers are event or frame numbers 8 Type a file name in the As box at the bottom of the screen Click the Browse icon to browse to a specific directory Otherwise your file is saved in the default capture file directory 9 Click OK when you are finished 6 2 Adding...

Page 178: ...e left pane You can click on each item to see details in the right pane about what was changed for each item You simply check the boxes next to the changes you want to keep Once you decide what changes to keep select one of the following l Save To This File Saves the changes you have made to the current capture file l Save As Saves the changes to a new file l Cancel the Close Operation Closes the ...

Page 179: ...on importing DOS timestamps l Greenleaf ViewComm 3 0 for DOS requires the byt for data and the tim for timestamps see note on importing DOS timestamps l Frontline Ethertest for DOS requires 3 files filename cap filename ca0 and filename ca1 l Sniffer Type 1 supports files with the enc extension Does not support Sniffer files with a cap extension l Snoop or Sun Snoop files with a cap extension base...

Page 180: ...e Frame Display Print dialog Select Print if you just want to print your data to your default printer Select Print Preview if you want access to printer options 2 Choose to include the Summary pane check the box in the print output The Summary pane appears at the beginning of the printed output in tabular format If you select All layers in the Detail Section the Data Bytes option becomes available...

Page 181: ...in a browser print preview display with options for printing such as page orientation and paper size You can also use your Printer Preferences dialog to make some of these selections When printing your data the analyzer creates an html file and prints the path to the file at the bottom of the page This file can be opened in your browser however it may appear different than the printed version 1 Se...

Page 182: ...t dialog Selecting more than one event in the Event Display window defaults the radio button in the Event Display Print dialog to Selection and allows the user to choose the All radio button When only one event is selected the All radio button in the Event Display Print dialog is selected How to Print Event Display Data to a Browser 1 Select Print or Print Preview from the File menu on the Event D...

Page 183: ...6 6 1 Frame Display Export You can dump the contents of the Summary pane on the Frame Display into a Comma Separated File csv To access this feature 1 Right click on the Summary pane or open the Frame Display File menu 2 Select the Export menu item 3 Select a storage location and enter a File name 4 Select Save 6 6 2 Exporting a File with Event Display Export With the Event Display Export dialog y...

Page 184: ...tion of the Event Display Export dialog l Selecting more than one event in the Event Display window defaults the radio button in the Event Display Export dialog to Selection and allows the user to choose the All radio button l When only one event is selected something must be selected the All radio button in the Event Display Export dialog is selected by default 5 Next you need to select the Side ...

Page 185: ...mp data types displayed in columns for One Event Per Row Timestamp Delta Event Number Byte Number Frame Number Type Hex Dec Oct Bin Side ASCII 7 bit ASCII EBCDIC Baudot RTS CTS DSR DTR CD RI UART Overrun Parity Error Framing Error 7 If you select csv as the file type choose whether you want to hide display Preambles or Column Headings in the exported file 8 Click Save The Event Display Export file...

Page 186: ...trol signal changes and Set I O events Non printable characters or both If you choose to filter out Special Events your export file would contain only the data bytes Filtering out the non printable characters means that your export file would contain only special events and data bytes classified as printable In ASCII printable characters are those with hex values between 20 and 7e 6 6 2 2 Exportin...

Page 187: ...System Settings from the Options menu on the Control window To enable a setting click in the box next to the setting to place a checkmark in the box To disable a setting click in the box to remove the checkmark When viewing a capture file settings related to data capture are grayed out Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 181 ...

Page 188: ...arts capture to the file immediately after the file is closed l Wrap File When enabled the analyzer wraps the file when it becomes full The oldest events are moved out of the file to make room for new events Any events moved out of the file are lost When disabled the analyzer stops capture when the file becomes full Either reset the file or close your capture file to continue l File Size The size ...

Page 189: ...are disabled until the user stops data capture and either saves or erases the captured data l The user can go into the Startup options and Advanced system options on the System Settings dialog and make changes to the settings at any time 7 1 1 2 Advanced System Options These parameters affect fundamental aspects of the software and it is unlikely that you ever have to change them If you do change ...

Page 190: ...er than the specified number of seconds an aborted frame event is added to the Event Display and the analyzer resumes decoding incoming data This can occur when capturing interwoven data DTE and DCE and one side stops transmitting in the middle of a frame The range for this value is from 0 to 999 999 seconds Setting it to zero disables the timeout feature Note This option is currently disabled 7 1...

Page 191: ...ystem Settings window l Start capturing immediately to the following file Enter a file name in the box below this option When the analyzer starts up it immediately begins data capture to that file If the file already exists the data in it is overwritten 7 1 2 Changing Default File Locations The analyzer saves user files in specific locations by default Capture files are placed in the My Capture Fi...

Page 192: ...efault location you wish to change 3 Click Modify 4 Browse to a new location Figure 7 5 File Locations Browse dialog 5 Click OK 6 Click OK when finished TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 7 General Information 186 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 193: ... saved to that location This remains true until you open a file from or save a file to a different location There is one caveat to this scenario however Let s say you have selected Use Last Opened Folder for Capture Files and opened a file from a location other than the default directory All subsequent capture files will be saved to that location Suppose however the next time you want to save a ca...

Page 194: ...s button 7 1 4 Timestamping Timestamping is the process of precise recording in time of packet arrival Timestamps is an optional parameter in the Frame Display and Event Display that can assist in troubleshooting a network link 7 1 4 1 Timestamping Options The Timestamping Options window allows you to enable or disable timestamping and change the resolution of the timestamps for both capture and d...

Page 195: ...is determined by the operating system and is the smallest normal resolutions possible Note The raw timestamp value is the number of 100 nanosecond intervals since the beginning of January 1 1601 This is standard Windows time It is also possible to use high resolution timestamping High resolution timestamp values are marked by an asterisk as high resolution in the drop down list To change timestamp...

Page 196: ... Time With Timestamping you can choose to employ Relative Time or Absolute time 1 Choose System Settings from the Options menu on the Control window and click the Timestamping Options button or click the click the Timestamping Options icon from the Event Display window 2 Go to the Display Options section at the bottom of the window and find the Display Relative Timestamps checkbox 3 Check the box ...

Page 197: ...ough Buffer overflows are indicated in the Event Display window by a plus sign within a circle Clicking on the buffer overflow symbol displays how many frames have been lost There are several things that you can do to try and solve this problem l Use capture filters to filter out data you don t need to see Capture filters reduce the amount of data processed by the analyzer Ethernet Only l Close al...

Page 198: ... There are usually more events than bytes with the result is that a byte might be listed as Event 10 of 16 when viewing all events and Byte 8 of 11 when viewing only the data bytes The numbers assigned to events that are wrapped out of the buffer are not reassigned In other words when event number 1 is wrapped out of the buffer event number 2 is not renumbered to event 1 This means that the first ...

Page 199: ...elow in alphabetical order are the expanded text meanings for common ANSI communication control characters and two character system abbreviation for each one Some abbreviations have forward slash Chapter 7 General Information TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 193 ...

Page 200: ...lete DL DLE Data Link Escape EM EM End of Medium EQ ENQ Enquiry ET EOT End of Transmission E C ESC Escape E B ETB End of Transmission Block EX ETX End of Text F F FF Form Feed FS FS File Separator GS GS Group Separator HT HT Horizontal Tabulation LF LF Line Feed NK NAK Negative Acknowledge NU NUL Null RS RS Record Separator SI SI Shift In SO SO Shift Out SH SOH Start of Heading SX STX Start of Tex...

Page 201: ...are running a newer version of the program Do not worry if an icon seems to be missing a font is different or even if the entire color scheme appears to have changed The examples are still valid Examples of decoders methods and frame recognizers are included in this manual You can cut and paste from these examples to create your own decoders A quick note here Usually the pasted code appears the sa...

Page 202: ...st service Make the base handle equal to the handle of your service You can use all upper and lower case letters so you can have up to 52 service handles Next add the following section Advertiser Handles Generic Access Profile GAP A0 1800 A1 2803 A2 2a00 A3 2803 A4 2a01 A5 2803 A6 2a04 A few things of note l In the code above lines begging with a semi colon are comments l If you want to change the...

Page 203: ...is not available on U S national holidays Phone 1 434 984 4500 Fax 1 434 984 4505 Instructional Videos Teledyne LeCroy provides a series of videos to assist the user and may answer your questions These videos can be accessed at fte com support videos aspx On this web page use the Video Filters sidebar to select instructional videos for your product Chapter 7 General Information TELEDYNE LECROY Fro...

Page 204: ...198 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual TELEDYNE LECROY Chapter 7 General Information ...

Page 205: ...Appendicies Appendix A Application Notes 200 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 199 ...

Page 206: ...Appendix A Application Notes A 1 ComProbe Automation Server Why use it 202 TELEDYNE LECROY Appendicies 200 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual ...

Page 207: ...Appendicies TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 201 ...

Page 208: ...f a company wants to ensure exact test processes automating those processes is one answer When testing multiple devices long test runs can occur and automating can free up personnel to perform additional tasks This is a list of possible situations when automation would improve testing and developments operations and save money l Automate long test runs free up personnel for other tasking or run ov...

Page 209: ...erve as a template to minimze development timeand to provide quality control tracability A 1 1 Automation Server Topology Figure 2 Automation Server on a Single PC The Automation Server executes the commands issued by a user created Automation client script The client script can run either on the local PC or on a remote over a TCP IP connection The Automation Client program can be written in any l...

Page 210: ...configuration file FTSAutoServer exe config This file is located in C Program Files Frontline Test System II Frontline ComProbe Protocol Analysis System your version Executable Core directory The code to modify is add key IPAddr value 0 0 0 0 and add key Port value 22901 Start of Sample Script Modifications This section is the main part of the program and several lines in the template need to be c...

Page 211: ...ow how the Automation Server converts the sniffing process to a largely self acting process A 1 3 Running Automation Server Script In this section we will make a comparison between the main program code and the manual operation at the GUI in a sniffing and capture session This approach will show that the Automation Server will duplicate the manual processes but automation offers reliable repetitio...

Page 212: ...n in this code are the address of the Master and Slave devices If other parameters are omitted from the code the default values are selected This line of code is equivalent to setting the BPA 600 datasource for Classic Bluetooth ConfigSettings format IOParameters BPA600 Master 0x00025b01cb8b Slave 0x00025b01cbe1 Appendicies TELEDYNE LECROY Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software User Manual 206 ...

Page 213: ...ppears This is equivalent to clicking the Start Sniffing button on the BPA 600 datasource toolbar Start Sniffing will start synchronization of the BPA 600 with the Bluetooth Devices Once synchronization is acheived the arrow between the Classic devices will turn green with the arrow head point to the master device StartSniffing TELEDYNE LECROY Appendicies 207 Frontline 802 11 Hardware Software Use...

Page 214: ...s equivalent to clicking on the Stop Capture button on the Contrtol window StopCapture Figure 6 BPA 600 Control window Stop Capture is to the right of the red button At the end of the program you will want to stop the ComProbe software so at line 900 we have the following code StopFTS Finally good programming housekeeping dictates that you should clear all connections The following procedure will ...

Page 215: ...the capture file you use the Automation Server Open Capture File command that has similar parameters to the Save Capture command Open Capture File c Users Public Public documents Frontline Test Equipment My Capture Files mycap cfa While the Save Capture automatically archives everything that happened during the capture session your may want to write a script that focuses on specific protocols To d...

Page 216: ...later date you can use the bookmark to localize your analysis to the event A 1 6 Automation Can Save Time and Money In a carefully considered design development or testing environment automation of wireless sniffing and data capture can save time and money The Frontline Automation Server gives you the means to save time by ensuring process are reliably reproduced This is especially true for situat...

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Page 218: ...utotraversal 59 61 B Bar Charts 146 Baudot 136 180 Baudot Codes 192 Begin Sync Character Strip 138 Binary 135 153 Binary Pane 78 BL 194 Bookmarks 166 167 Boolean 84 89 Broken Frame 137 BS 194 Buffer 170 181 Buffer Overflow 181 Buffer Tabs 145 Buffer File Options 181 Byte 79 133 135 192 Searching 156 byte export 72 C Calculating Data Rates and Delta Times 134 Capture Buffer 170 181 183 Capture Buff...

Page 219: ...ghput Radio Buttons 118 Timeline Radio Buttons 118 Timelines 119 discontinuities 127 high speed 128 packet 120 two timelines 124 Toolbar 105 Tooltip 111 relocate 111 122 Color of Data Bytes 79 Colors 80 Comma Separated File 177 Compound Display Filters 84 Confirm CFA Changes 172 Context For Decoding 62 Control Characters 193 Control Signals 137 187 Control Window 17 181 Configuration Information 1...

Page 220: ...194 Easy Protocol Filtering 96 EBCDIC 136 EBCDIC Codes 193 EIR 56 EM 193 EQ 194 Errors 80 97 162 187 ET 193 Event Display 70 131 177 Event Display Export 177 Event Display Toolbar 132 Event Numbering 192 Event Pane 79 Event Symbols 137 EX 193 Exclude 83 Exclude Radio Buttons 83 Expand All Collapse All 77 Expand Decode Pane 71 Export Export Baudot 180 Export Events 178 Export Filter Out 180 Extende...

Page 221: ...ilters 86 Hiding Protocol Layers 68 High Resolution Timestamping 190 HT 194 I I O Settings 43 I O Settings Change 138 Icons in Data on Event Display 137 Importable File Types 173 Importing Capture Files 172 INCLUDE 83 Include Exclude 83 L Layer Colors 80 LF 194 Live Update 134 Logical Byte Display 68 Logical Bytes 68 Long Break 138 Low Power 138 M Main Window 10 Master 43 Minimizing 17 Mixed Chann...

Page 222: ... Frame Numbers 80 Reframe 60 Reframing 60 Relative Time 154 190 Remove Bookmarks 166 167 Columns 76 Custom Stack 58 Filters 86 Framing Markers 60 Reset Panes 71 Resetable Tab 145 Resolution 189 Resumed 137 Revealing Protocol Layers 68 RS 193 RSSI 35 S Save 83 169 171 Save As 169 Saving 170 171 Display Filter 82 Imported Capture Files 181 Saving the Capture File using File gt Save or the Save icon ...

Page 223: ...ing 138 Test Device Stopped Responding 138 Timestamp 166 189 190 Timestamping 166 188 190 Timestamping Disabled 138 Timestamping Enabled 138 Timestamping Options 181 188 Timestamping Resolution 189 Timestamps 188 190 Transferring Packets 49 Truncated Frame 138 U Underrun Error 138 Unframe 60 Unframe Function 60 Unframing 60 Unknown Event 139 V vendor specific decoder 195 Viewing Data Events 135 W ...

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