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Chapter 9 IPv6 Tunnel Configuration

Configuring IPv6 Tunnel
Maintenance and Diagnosis

To maintain and diagnose IPv6 tunnel, use the following com-
mands.

Command

Function

ZXR10#

show ipv6 interface

interface-name

This shows tunnel interface
information.

ZXR10#

debug tunnel packet

This shows the information of
sent and received packets.

Result:

The maintenance and diagnosis of IPv6 tunnel has been

configured.

IPv6 Tunnel Configuration
Example

This example describes how to configure IPv6 tunnel.

As shown in

Figure 8

, suppose that R1 and R2 are dual stack

routers, and PC1 and PC2 are IPv6 hosts. Configure IPv6 address
is 4000::1, and gateway is 4000:128 in PC1. Configure IPv6 ad-
dress is 5000::1, and gateway is 5000:128 in PC2.

The configuration of R1 and R2 is shown below. RIPng protocol is
not necessary. Static route or other routing protocols also can be
used.

IGURE

8 IPV6 TUNNEL CONFIGURATION EXAMPLE

R1 configuration:

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Summary of Contents for ZXR10 T1200

Page 1: ...er User Manual IPv6 Volume Version 2 8 30 ZTE CORPORATION ZTE Plaza Keji Road South Hi Tech Industrial Park Nanshan District Shenzhen P R China 518057 Tel 86 755 26771900 Fax 86 755 26770801 URL http ensupport zte com cn E mail support zte com cn ...

Page 2: ...ntability fitness for a particular purpose title or non in fringement ZTE CORPORATION and its licensors shall not be liable for damages resulting from the use of or reliance on the information contained herein ZTE CORPORATION or its licensors may have current or pending intellectual property rights or applications covering the subject matter of this document Except as expressly provided in any wri...

Page 3: ...ples 18 IPv6 Neighbor Discovery Protocol Configuration 19 IPv6 NDP Overview 19 Configuring IPv6 NDP 22 Configuring IPv6 NDP Maintenance and Diagnosis 23 IPv6 NDP Configuration Examples 23 IPv6 Static Route Configuration 25 IPv6 Static Route Overview 25 Configuring IPv6 Static Route 25 IPv6 Static Route Configuration Example 26 RIPng Configuration 27 RIPng Overview 27 RIPng Basic Configuration 29 E...

Page 4: ...tion Examples 49 Single Area IS ISv6 Configuration Example 49 Multi Area IS ISv6 Configuration Example 50 BGP4 Configuration 53 BGP4 Overview 53 BGP4 Basic Configuration 54 Enabling BGP4 54 Configuring BGP4 Route Advertisement 55 Configuring BGP4 Aggregation Advertisement 55 Configuring EBGP Multihop 56 Filtering Routes Using Route Map 57 Configuring BGP Routing Mode 58 Configuring IPv6 Address Fa...

Page 5: ...Figures 71 Tables 73 List of Glossary 75 ...

Page 6: ......

Page 7: ...ration Describes NDP and its relevant configuration on ZXR10 T600 T1200 Chapter 4 IPv6 Static Route Configuration Describes IPv6 static route and its relevant configuration on ZXR10 T600 T1200 Chapter 5 RIPng Configuration Describes RIPng protocol and its relevant configuration on ZXR10 T600 T1200 Chapter 6 OSPFv3 Configuration Describes OSPFv3 protocol and its relevant configuration on ZXR10 T600...

Page 8: ... Volume ZXR10 T600 T1200 V2 8 30 Carrier Class High End Router Command Manual IPv4 Routing Volume I ZXR10 T600 T1200 V2 8 30 Carrier Class High End Router Command Manual IPv4 Routing Volume II ZXR10 T600 T1200 V2 8 30 Carrier Class High End Router Command Manual IPv6 Volume ZXR10 T600 T1200 V2 8 30 Carrier Class High End Router Command Manual Multicast Volume ZXR10 T600 T1200 V2 8 30 Carrier Class...

Page 9: ...affect the performance of the devices which may bring serious consequences So take care to use debug commands Especially the debug all com mand will open all debug processes so this command must not be used on the devices with services It is not recommended to use the debug commands when the user networks are in normal state ZTE Corporation will assume no responsibility for consequences re sulting...

Page 10: ...on If this is ignored serious injury accidents may happen or devices may be damaged Caution Indicates the matters needing attention during configuration Note Indicates the description hint tip and so on for configuration op erations 2 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION ...

Page 11: ...y of Internet backbone routers to maintain large routing tables Need for simpler auto configuration and renumbering Requirement for security at the IP level Need for better support to real time delivery of data also called quality of service QoS Note Features such as IP Security IPSec and QoS have been specified for both versions of IP IPv6 features a huge address capacity up to 128 bits which is ...

Page 12: ... and some options while IPv6 contains only six fields and two address spaces Although IPv6 header occupies 40 bytes which is 1 6 times of IPv4 header with 24 bytes it does not consume too much memory capacity due to its fixed length the length of the IPv4 header is variable The following six fields are deleted from IPv4 header header length type of service identifier flags fragmented offsets and h...

Page 13: ...space Table 3 shows allocation of IPv6 address space TABLE 3 IPV6 ADDRESS SPACE Allocation Prefix Fraction of Address Space Reserved 0000 0000 1 256 Unallocated 0000 0001 1 256 Reserved for NSAP allocation 0000 001 1 128 Reserved for IPX allocation 0000 010 1 128 Unallocated 0000 011 1 128 Unallocated 0000 1 1 32 Unallocated 0001 1 32 aggregatable global unicast address 001 2 3 1 8 Unallocated 010...

Page 14: ...entifier of a group of interfaces These interfaces be long to different nodes The packets sent to an anycast address will be transmitted to an interface with this address identifier selecting the nearest one by calculating the distance based on routing protocol An IPv6 unicast address can be regarded as an entity with two fields One field is used to identify networks and the other is used to ident...

Page 15: ...6 unicast address can be classified into the following categories Aggregatable Global Unicast Address This is another kind of aggregation which is independent of Internet Service Provider ISP The provider based aggre gatetive addresses must be changed as a provider changes while the exchange based addresses are directly located by an IPv6 switching entity The exchange provides address blocks and u...

Page 16: ...to other entities for example a small local ISP When these entities obtain enough address space they can subdivide the obtained space in the same way as mentioned above SLA ID field This is the site aggregation identifier and is used by some institutions to arrange their internal network structures Each institution can create its own internal hierarchical network structure in the same way as that ...

Page 17: ...Pv6 provides two kinds of addresses One is the IPv4 compatible address which allows the IPv6 node to access IPv4 nodes that do not support IPv6 The other is the IPv4 mapping address which allows the IPv6 router to transmit IPv6 packets over the IPv4 network in the tunnel mode where the nodes understand both IPv4 and IPv6 The high order 80 bits of these two kinds of addresses are all set to zeros a...

Page 18: ...tination end because they will never forward these packets The middle 54 bits of this address are set to zero its 64 bit interface identifier is in the same IEEE structure as men tioned in the foregoing paragraphs and the part of this ad dress space allows some networks to connect up to 264 1 hosts Link local addresses are used for the single network link and site local addresses are used for site...

Page 19: ...t contain the following three fields Flags field This field consists of four single bit flags Currently only the bit 4 is designated to indicate that whether this address is a well known multicast address designated by the Internet numbering institution or a temporary multicast address used in a specific occasion If this flag bit is set to zero it indicates that this address is a well known addres...

Page 20: ...cast addresses are similar to multicast addresses Al though the two are in the same case that an anycast address can be shared by multiple nodes only one node of an anycast address expects to receive the packet sent to the anycast address Anycast is helpful in providing services especially those re quiring no relationship between client and server such as a domain name server and a time server A d...

Page 21: ...8AA 1A2B 2000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 All these integers are hex integers and those from A to F represent 10 to 15 Each integer of an address must be indicated except for the starting zero This is a relatively standard way to express an IPv6 address Apart from this there are two more ways that are clearer and easier to use Some IPv6 addresses contain a succession of zeros similar to the second and the third...

Page 22: ... link local address of each interface The unicast address of each interface which can be a site local address or one or more aggregable global addresses Loopback address 1 of a loopback interface In addition each host must always keep listening to the data from the following multicast addresses Multicast addresses FF01 1 of all the nodes within the node local range Multicast addresses FF02 1 of al...

Page 23: ... each node Stateless auto configuration Apart from state auto configuration IPv6 also employs a kind of auto configuration service named stateless auto configura tion RFC2462 describes the IPv6 stateless auto configuration For the stateless auto configuration the local link must support multicast Network interface must be able to send and receive multicast packets In the stateless auto configurati...

Page 24: ...of an aggregable global unicast address and other relevant configuration information The host automatically uses the global address prefix ob tained from routers and its own interface ID to automati cally configure a global address to communicate with other hosts within the Internet Configuring IPv6 Address To configure basic IPv6 perform the following steps St ep Command Function 1 ZXR10 config i...

Page 25: ...net connection ZXR10 debug ipv6 icmp This shows the debugging information about IPv6 Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP packet ZXR10 debug ipv6 packet This shows the information about the IPv6 packet received and sent by the system ZXR10 debug ipv6 tcp driver This sets up the debug switches for establishing and closing the IPv6 TCP connections ZXR10 debug ipv6 tcp packet This shows the informa...

Page 26: ...scribes how to do accessibility test of network 3ff 2 ZXR10 ping6 3ff 2 sending 64 bytes ICMP echos to 3ff 2 timeout is 1 seconds Success rate is 100 percent 5 5 round trip min avg max 0 1 9 ms Example 4 This example describes how to view routing table ZXR10 show ipv6 route summary IPv6 Routing Table Summary 13 entries 3 connected 1 static 0 RIP 0 BGP 4 IS IS 5 OSPF ZXR10 show ipv6 route isis IPv6...

Page 27: ...t Control Message protocol ICMPv6 It is more universal and applica ble to various link layer protocols and contains more contents ARP protocol ICMPv4 router discovery packets and ICMPv4 redirectional packet are based on broadcast while NDP neigh bor discovery packets are based on the efficient multicast and unicast The accessibility detection is meant to determine whether the host or router repres...

Page 28: ... discovery helps a node to determine whether an ad dress it wants to use has been occupied on the local link Redirection Sometimes the forwarding router selected by a node is not the optimum for a packet to be forwarded In this case the forwarding router can redirect the node to send the packet to an optimum router For example the node sends the packet that originally is to be sent to the Internet...

Page 29: ... groups to notify other nodes of its address change Entry Load Balancing A node receiving a large number of service flows may have multiple network interfaces which can be represented by an IP address if neighbor discovery is employed The router load balancing can be realized by making the router omit the source link layer address during its sending of the router advertise ment packet Every time w...

Page 30: ... sets the prefix options of a router response packets in seconds in range of 3 1800 and 600 seconds by default 5 ZXR10 config if ipv6 nd ra interval seconds This sets the intervals for an interface to send router response packets in seconds in range of 3 1800 600 seconds by default 6 ZXR10 config if ipv6 nd ra lifetime seconds This sets the value of the ra lifetime field in a router response packe...

Page 31: ...the content of neighbor cache ZXR10 debug ipv6 nd This shows the packet content of neighbor discovery protocol Result The maintenance and diagnosis of NDP has been config ured IPv6 NDP Configuration Examples Example 1 This example describes how to add a static entry into neighbor buffer ZXR10 config interface fei_1 1 ZXR10 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10 config if ipv6 address 8245 202 64 ZXR10 config...

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Page 33: ...IPv6 static route perform the following steps St ep Command Function 1 ZXR10 config ipv6 route ipv6 destination prefix ipv6 gateway address loopback null supervlan tunnel vlan distance This sets an ipv6 static route ZXR10 config show ipv6 route ipv6 address ipv6 prefix bgp connected database isis ospf rip static This shows IPv6 routing table information 2 ZXR10 config show ipv6 route summary This ...

Page 34: ... static route is required to configure which destination address is 2000 0 60 the next hop address is 3000 2 the administrative distance is 100 The configuration is shown below ZXR10 config ipv6 route 2000 0 60 3000 2 100 26 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION ...

Page 35: ...col but to make necessary alternation to RIP thus enabling it to adapt to the routing requirements under IPv6 Therefore RIPng has the same working principle with RIP except for changes in address and packet format Address Length Both RIPv1 and RIPv2 are based on IPv4 and their address field is 32 bit while RIPng is based on IPv6 and all the applied addresses are 128 bit Subnet Mask and Prefix Leng...

Page 36: ... mum Transmission Unit MTU of a medium Processing on the packet length by RIPng enables networks to improve efficiency in route information transmission Security Consideration RIPv1 packets contain no authentication information which re sults in insecurity Any host that sends packets through the UDP Port 520 will be regarded as a router by its neighbor host which is likely to cause router spoofing...

Page 37: ...ng Enhanced RIPng To configure enhanced RIPng perform the following steps St ep Command Function 1 ZXR10 config ipv6 router rip This enters route configuration mode 2 ZXR10 config router timers basic update timeo ut garbage This sets timers for the RIPng advertisement 3 ZXR10 config router redistribute protocol metric 1 16 route maap name This redistributes other protocols into RIPng protocol 4 ZX...

Page 38: ...This traces the packets of RIPng protocol Result The maintenance and diagnosis of RIPng has been con figured RIPng Configuration Example As shown in Figure 1 run RIPng on both R1 and R2 FIGURE 1 RIPNG CONFIGURATION EXAMPLE R1 configuration ZXR10_R1 config ipv6 router rip ZXR10_R1 config router exit ZXR10_R1 config interface fei_1 1 ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 address 200...

Page 39: ...ipv6 enable ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 address 2005 2 64 ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 rip enable ZXR10_R2 config if exit ZXR10_R2 config interface fei_2 2 ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 address 2003 2 64 ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 rip enable Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 31 ...

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Page 41: ... through the database exchange process which includes exchanging database descrip tion packets link state request packets and link state update packets The subsequent database synchronization is maintained through flooding with link state update packets and link state acknowledgment packets In the broadcast and Non Broadcast Multicast Access NBMA net works both IPv6 and IPv4 use the OSPF hello pac...

Page 42: ...intra area prefix LSA AS Domain Range The LSA floods in the whole OSPFv3 route domain This is applicable to AS external LSA Each link supports multiple instances OSPF supports to run multiple OSPF protocol instances over a single link Usage of link local address The IPv6 link local addresses are used for neighbor discovery and automatic configuration over a single link IPv6 routers do not forward ...

Page 43: ...e routing domain in a way independent of network protocols Apart from this the new LSA for advertising IPv6 address information and the data required for resolution of the next hop are added Type 3 LSA is renamed intra area prefix LSA and Type 4 LSA intra area router LSA OSPFv3 Processes unknown LSA type In IPv6 the unknown LSA types can be regarded as having the local link flooding range or be re...

Page 44: ...describes ASBR to other areas AS external LSA Its LS type is 0x4005 It is created by the ASBR and describes ASBR to other area Link LSA Its LS type is 0x0008 A router advertises separate link LSA to each link connecting with it These LSAs have local link flooding range and will not be flooded out of the related link Intra area prefix LSA Its LS type is 0x2009 A router uses the intra area prefix LS...

Page 45: ... 1 to 65535 The default value for point to point and broadcast interfaces is 10 seconds The default value of non broadcast and point to multipoint interface is 30 seconds ZXR10 config if ipv6 ospf retransmit interval interval instance 0 255 This specifies the time interval at which an interface retransmits an LSA The unit is second The range is from 1 to 65535 The default value is 5 seconds ZXR10 ...

Page 46: ...ibutes To configure protocol attributes perform the following steps St ep Command Function 1 ZXR10 config ipv6 router ospf process id This enables an OSPFv3 instance and enters OSPFv3 configuration mode 2 ZXR10 config router area area id default cost cost value This configures the default metric value for an area 3 ZXR10 config router area area id range X X X X 0 128 advertise not advertise This c...

Page 47: ...d Configuring OSPFv3 Maintenance and Diagnosis Comparing to RIPng OSPFv3 is more complicated A fault phe nomena has many fault reasons Therefore the maintenance and diagnosis of OSPFv3 is more difficult To maintain and diagnose OSPFv3 use the following commands Command Function ZXR10 show ipv6 ospf tag This shows an OSPFv3 instance ZXR10 show ipv6 ospf database This shows the database information ...

Page 48: ...nosis of OSPFv3 has been con figured OSPFv3 Configuration Example As shown in Figure 2 run OSPFv3 on R1 and R2 and divide a network into three areas FIGURE 2 OSPFV3 CONFIGURATION EXAMPLE R1 configuration ZXR10_R1 config ipv6 router ospf 1 ZXR10_R1 config router router id 1 1 1 1 ZXR10_R1 config router exit ZXR10_R1 config interface fei_1 1 ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 add...

Page 49: ...enable ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 address 2003 2 64 ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 ospf 1 area 24 ZXR10_R2 config if exit ZXR10_R2 config interface fei_2 1 ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 address 2005 2 64 ZXR10_R2 config if ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 41 ...

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Page 51: ... IPv6 Reachability TLV type value of the IPv6 reachability TLV is 236 0xEC Its TLV effects are equal to the two TLVs of the IPv4 IP internally reachable and IP externally reachable Up down and external are defined in this TLV and are used to indicate that routes are redistributed mutually in the L2 L1 and to determine whether a route is an external route IPv6 Interface Address TLV type value of th...

Page 52: ...is This runs the IS ISv6 protocol on an interface Result IS ISv6 has been enabled Configuring IS ISv6 Global Parameters To configure global parameters of IS ISv6 protocol perform the following steps St ep Command Function ZXR10 config router isis This enters IS IS configuration mode ZXR10 config router area password password This configures the password of level 1 The character string of password ...

Page 53: ...g router af distance 1 255 This configures the administrative distance for the IS ISv6 route The range is 1 255 The default value is 115 ZXR10 config router isis This enters into IS IS configuration mode ZXR10 config router lsp refresh time interval This configures the LSP refresh time The unit is second The range is 1 65535 The default value is 900 seconds ZXR10 config router max lsp lifetime int...

Page 54: ... IS configuration mode ZXR10 config router redistribute bgp connected ospf rip static level 1 level 2 level 1 2 metric 0 63 external internal This configures route redistribution redistributing routes of other protocols into IS ISv6 6 ZXR10 config router summary prefix X X X X 0 128 level 1 level 1 2 level 2 This configures the IS ISv6 routing aggregation and its level The default is level 2 Resul...

Page 55: ...adding 0 into hello packet until the packet size is equal to mtu of interface ZXR10 config if isis lsp interval 1 65535 lev el 1 level 2 This configures the interval at which IS ISv6 sends LSP packets in milliseconds The range is 1 4294967295 the default is 33 ms ZXR10 config if isis metric metric value level 1 level 2 This configures the IS ISv6 metric on an interface The range is 1 63 and the de...

Page 56: ...uits This shows IS ISv6 interface information ZXR10 show ipv6 route isis This shows IS ISv6 routing table ZXR10 show isis topology This shows IS ISv6 topology ZXR10 debug isis all This shows and tracks all the debugging information about the IS IS ZXR10 debug isis update This tracks and shows debugging information of IS ISv6 updating events ZXR10 debug isis adj This tracks and shows debugging info...

Page 57: ...E0 ZXR10_R1 config router exit ZXR10_R1 config interface fei_2 4 ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 address 2005 1 64 ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 router isis ZXR10_R1 config if exit ZXR10_R1 config interface fei_2 6 ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 address 2001 1 64 ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 router isis R2 configuration ZXR10_R2 config router isis ZXR10_R2 confi...

Page 58: ...R1 configuration ZXR10_R1 config router isis ZXR10_R1 config router area 01 ZXR10_R1 config router system id 00D0 D0C7 53E0 ZXR10_R1 config router is type LEVEL 1 2 ZXR10_R1 config router exit ZXR10_R1 config interface fei_2 4 ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 address 2009 1 64 ZXR10_R1 config if ipv6 router isis ZXR10_R1 config if isis circuit type LEVEL 2 ZXR10_R1 config if ...

Page 59: ...ipv6 router isis ZXR10_R2 config if isis circuit type LEVEL 2 ZXR10_R2 config if exit R3 configuration ZXR10_R3 config router isis ZXR10_R3 config router area 00 ZXR10_R3 config router system id 00D0 E0C7 53E0 ZXR10_R3 config router is type LEVEL 2 ZXR10_R3 config router exit ZXR10_R3 config interface fei_2 3 ZXR10_R3 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10_R3 config if ipv6 address 2003 3 64 ZXR10_R3 config ...

Page 60: ...10_R5 config if ipv6 enable ZXR10_R5 config if ipv6 address 2007 5 64 ZXR10_R5 config if ipv6 router isis ZXR10_R5 config if isis circuit type LEVEL 1 ZXR10_R5 config if exit R6 configuration ZXR10_R6 config router isis ZXR10_R6 config router area 02 ZXR10_R6 config router system id 00D0 0ECD 53E0 ZXR10_R6 config router is type LEVEL 1 ZXR10_R6 config router exit ZXR10_R6 config interface fei_2 7 ...

Page 61: ...layer protocol address BGP4 protocol shall be able to associate a specific protocol with the Network Layer Reachable Information NLRI and employ address family to distinguish various network layer protocols This is a mechanism for transmission of the IPv6 routing infor mation by utilizing the attributes of MP_REACH_NLRI and MP_UN REACH_NLRI BGP defined by BGP4 Similar to the common dis tance vecto...

Page 62: ... config router neighbor ipv6 address peer group name remote as neighbor as number This configures IPv6 neighbor of BGP4 4 ZXR10 config router address family ipv6 This enters IPv6 address family mode 5 ZXR10 config router af neighbor ipv6 address peer group name activate This specifies the neighbor address of a router and activates the neighbor 6 ZXR10 config router af network ipv6 address ro ute m...

Page 63: ...64 and R2 will advertise the network 2003 64 Configuring BGP4 Route Advertisement To configure BGP4 route advertisement perform the following steps St ep Command Function 1 ZXR10 config router bgp as number This enters BGP4 configuration mode 2 ZXR10 config router network ipv6 address ne t mask This advertises the known network which can be learned through connected routes dynamic routing and stat...

Page 64: ...ion mode 2 ZXR10 config router neighbor ipv4 address i pv6 address peer group name ebgp multihop ttl value This configures to establish EBGP neighborhood over non direct connect networks The range of TTL is 1 255 The default is 8 Result EBGP multihop has been configured Example Usually EBGP neighborhood is established on the direct connect interfaces of two routers To establish EBGP neighborhood o...

Page 65: ...ining conditions among routing domains Normally the route map is used in conjunction with route attributes to make route decision To filter routes perform the following steps St ep Command Function 1 ZXR10 config route map map tag permit den y sequence number This creates a route map 2 ZXR10 config router bgp as number This configures AS number and enters BGP route configuration mode 3 ZXR10 confi...

Page 66: ... routing ZXR10 config router bgp client to client reflection This sets client to client reflection ZXR10 config router bgp cluster id value ip address This sets the cluster ID of a route reflector ZXR10 config router bgp confederation identifier value This sets the confederation ID ZXR10 config router bgp confederation peers value value This sets the confederation peer AS number in range of 1 6553...

Page 67: ...XR10 config router neighbor ip address peer group name description line This sets neighbor descriptions in length of 1 80 characters ZXR10 config router neighbor ip address peer g roup name do not capability negotiate This configures no negotiate capability ZXR10 config router neighbor ip address peer group name enforce multihop This enforces EBGP neighbor to use multihop ZXR10 config router neigh...

Page 68: ...ame update source interface name interface address This makes the BGP session use any operable TCP connection interface ZXR10 config router neighbor ip address peer group name weight value This sets the default weight value for advertising routes to neighbor Result The configurations in BGP routing mode has been finished Configuring IPv6 Address Family Mode To configure BGP4 use address family ipv...

Page 69: ... next hop for route advertisement on NBMA network ZXR10 config router af neighbor ip address pee r group name remove private AS This filters the private ASs in the route advertised to neighbor ZXR10 config router af neighbor ip address pe er group name route reflector client This sets a neighbor to the router reflector client peer when all clients are invalid the local reflector is not route refle...

Page 70: ...and shows the transition events of state machine connected to BGP Result The maintenance and diagnosis of BGP4 has been con figured BGP4 Configuration Example This is a comprehensive BGP4 configuration example It involves the actual applications of such BGP4 functions as route aggrega tion and static route redistribution As shown in Figure 7 the R4 establishes the EBGP with the R1 the R1 establish...

Page 71: ... ZXR10_R1 config router af neighbor 2003 2 activate ZXR10_R1 config router af neighbor 2003 2 next hop self R2 configuration ZXR10_R2 config router bgp 1 ZXR10_R2 config router neighbor 2003 1 remote as 1 ZXR10_R2 config router neighbor 2007 5 remote as 3 ZXR10_R2 config router neighbor 2007 5 ebgp multihop ZXR10_R2 config router address family ipv6 ZXR10_R2 config router af neighbor 2003 1 activa...

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Page 73: ...ology Tunnel technology is the primary way for communications between IPv6 single subnets during the transition period This mechanism connects the isolated IPv6 node islands over the IPv4 network sea At the same time if IPv6 becomes dominant in the future it will server as connections among the IPv4 islands The core concept of the tunnel technology is to make the existing IPv4 network become the c...

Page 74: ...v6 islands in the IPv4 sea to connect to each other Then the IPv6 egress router creates tunnel connection with other IPv6 fields The end point of an IPv4 tunnel can be automatically extracted from the address prefix of an IPv6 field because the IPv4 address of a site is contained in the IPv6 address prefix The other interesting feature of the 6to4 technology is that it can automatically extract an...

Page 75: ...NS all sites can cooperate with each other without manual tunnel configuration IPv6 IPv4 Dual Stack Technology During the IPv6 upgrading process there are some applications have been upgraded but other applications have not been up graded on network node The upgraded applications use IPv6 pro tocol stack and un upgraded applications use IPv4 protocol stack To make them coexist IPv6 IPv4 dual stack...

Page 76: ...ards for IPv4 IPv6 intercommunication translation technology 6to4 RFC3056 Network Address Translation Protocol Translation NAT PT RFC 2766 IP ICMP TranslationStateless SIIT RFC 2765 Tunnel broker RFC 3053 6over4 RFC 2529 SOCKS gateway RFC 3089 TCP UDP relay RFC 3142 Dual Stack Transition Mechanism DSTM draft ietf ngtrans dstm 08 txt Intra Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol ISATAP draft ietf...

Page 77: ... been configured IPv6 Tunnel Configuration Example This example describes how to configure IPv6 tunnel As shown in Figure 8 suppose that R1 and R2 are dual stack routers and PC1 and PC2 are IPv6 hosts Configure IPv6 address is 4000 1 and gateway is 4000 128 in PC1 Configure IPv6 ad dress is 5000 1 and gateway is 5000 128 in PC2 The configuration of R1 and R2 is shown below RIPng protocol is not ne...

Page 78: ...f ipv6 enable R1 config if ipv6 address 4000 128 64 R1 config if ipv6 rip enable R2 configuration R2 config ipv6 router rip R2 config router exit R2 config interface tunnel22 R2 config if ipv6 rip enable R2 config if ipv6 enable R2 config if ipv6 address 3000 1 1 1 128 64 R2 config if tunnel mode ipv6ip R2 config if tunnel source ipv4 31 1 1 2 R2 config if tunnel destination ipv4 31 1 1 1 R2 confi...

Page 79: ...onfiguration Example 49 Figure 4 IS ISv6 Multiple area Configuration Example 50 Figure 5 Basic BGP4 Configuration Example 54 Figure 6 EBGP Multihop Configuration Example 57 Figure 7 BGP4 Configuration Example 63 Figure 8 IPV6 TUNNEL CONFIGURATION EXAMPLE 69 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 71 ...

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Page 81: ...Structure of the IPv6 Address Embedded With IPv4 Address 9 Table 6 Structures of Link local Address and Site local Address 10 Table 7 Multicast Address Format 11 Table 8 Multicast Scope Value 11 Table 9 IPv6 Address Compression 13 Table 10 Protocol Structure of the IPv6 and IPv4 Dual Stack 67 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 73 ...

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Page 83: ... Network LSA Link State Advertisement MAC Media Access Control MTU Maximum Transmission Unit NAT Network Address Translation NDP Neighbor Discovery Protocol NLRI Network Layer Reachable Information NSAP Network Service Access Point OSI Open Systems Interconnection OSPF Open Shortest Path First QoS Quality of Service RARP Reverse Address Resolution Protocol RIP Routing Information Protocol RIPng Ro...

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