Wuhan Huazhong Numerical Control Co., Ltd HNC-18iT Programming Manual Download Page 29

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3. Interpolation Function

3 Interpolation

Interpolation

Interpolation Functions

Functions

This chapter would introduce:

Positioning Command (G00)

Linear Interpolation (G01)

Circular Interpolation (G02, G03)

Chamfering and Rounding (G01, G02, G03)

Thread Cutting with Constant Lead (G32)

Tapping (G34)

Summary of Contents for HNC-18iT

Page 1: ...CNC System System System System Programming Programming Programming Programming Guide Guide Guide Guide V V V V3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 November November November November 2007 2007 2007 2007 Wuhan Wuhan Wuhan...

Page 2: ...te System 6 Spindle Speed Function 7 Tool Function 8 Miscellaneous Function 9 Functions to Simplify Programming 10 Comprehensive Programming Example 11 Custom Macro Applicability Applicability Applica...

Page 3: ...re of an NC Program 19 1 8 2 Main Program and Subprogram 20 2 Preparatory Function G code 21 2 1 G code List 22 3 Interpolation Functions 24 3 1 Positioning G00 25 3 2 Linear Interpolation G01 26 3 3...

Page 4: ...M09 81 9 Functions to Simplify Programming 82 9 1 Canned Cycles 83 9 1 1 Internal Diameter Outer Diameter Cutting Cycle G80 83 9 1 2 End Face Turning Cycle G81 88 9 1 3 Thread Cutting Cycle G82 91 9...

Page 5: ...1 General 1 1 1 1 1 General General General General This chapter is to introduce the basic concepts in Computerized Numerical Control CNC system HNC 21T 22T HNC 18iT 19iT HNC 18xp T HNC 19xp T...

Page 6: ...CNC machine tool the first step is to understand the part drawing and produce a program manual script The procedure for machining a part is as follows Figure 1 1 1 Read drawing 2 Produce the program m...

Page 7: ...0 X 2 Produce the program manual script N1 T0106 N2 M03 S460 N3 G00 X90Z20 N4 G00 X31Z3 N5 G01 Z 50 F100 N6 G00 X36 N7 Z3 3 Input the program manual script 4 Manufacture a part X Z Figure 1 1 The work...

Page 8: ...The other three methods of interpolation helical parabolic and cubic interpolation are usually used to manufacture the complex shapes such as aerospace parts In this manual linear and circular interp...

Page 9: ...re 1 4 Circular Interpolation Note Note Note Note In this manual it is assumed that tools are moved against workpieces 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 Thread Thread Thread Thread Cutting Cutting Cutting Cutti...

Page 10: ...n which the tool moves at a specified speed to cut a workpiece Feedrate refers to a specified speed and numeric is used to specified the feedrate Feed function refers to an operation to control the fe...

Page 11: ...d when the tool is required to exchange or the coordinate system is required to set Reference position Tool post Chuck Figure 1 7 Reference Point There are two ways to move to the reference point Manu...

Page 12: ...over X Y Z axis of rotation is named as A B C correspondently Due to different types of turning machine the axis direction can be decided by following the rule three finger rule of the right hand X X...

Page 13: ...NC program is from the workpiece coordinate system 90 Y W W W W Z X X Y Z 90 90 Figure 1 10 Workpiece Coordinate System Example Those four points can be defined on workpiece coordinate system P1 corre...

Page 14: ...me Same Position Position Position Position There are two methods used to define two coordinate systems at the same position 1 The coordinate zero point is set at chuck face 40 60 40 150 X X Figure 1...

Page 15: ...ension describes a point at the distance from zero point of the coordinate system Example These four point in absolute dimensions are the following P1 corresponds to X25 Z 7 5 P2 corresponds to X40 Z...

Page 16: ...tool position to the next tool position Example These four point in incremental dimensions are the following P1 corresponds to X25 Z 7 5 with reference to the zero point P2 corresponds to X15 Z 7 5 w...

Page 17: ...dius programming should be applied independently on each machine Example Describe the points by diameter programming A corresponds to X30 Z80 B corresponds to X40 Z60 8 8 8 80 0 0 0 6 6 6 60 0 0 0 B B...

Page 18: ...fied by the spindle speed N in min 1 N min 1 Chuck V Cuttingspeed v m min Figure 1 18 Cutting Speed and Spindle Speed The formula to get the spindle speed is D v N 1000 N the spindle speed v cutting s...

Page 19: ...Tool Tool Tool post post post post Tool Tool Tool Tool number number number number Figure 1 19 Tool Selection 1 6 2 1 6 2 1 6 2 1 6 2 Tool Tool Tool Tool Offset Offset Offset Offset When writing a pr...

Page 20: ...n X axis L2 is the tool length on Z axis It should be noted that the tool wear values on X axis or Z axis are also contained in the tool length compensation P Tool P Tool P Tool P Tool tip tip tip tip...

Page 21: ...24 show the relation between the tool and the imaginary tool tip 7 X X X X 0 9 Z Z Z Z 8 3 4 5 6 2 1 Imaginary tool nose Tool nose radius center Figure 1 23 The direction of imaginary tool nose 1 7 X...

Page 22: ...d coolant In general it is specified by an M code When a move command and M code are specified in the same block there are two ways to execute these commands 1 Pre M function M command is executed bef...

Page 23: ...F150 S300 M03 N COMMENT N200 M30 Program Program block block Command character Program number block Figure 1 25 Structure of an NC Program Format of program program program program name name name name...

Page 24: ...There are two type of program main program and subprogram The CNC operates according to the main program When a execution command of subprogram is at the execution line of the main program the subprog...

Page 25: ...es of G code one shot G code and modal G code Table 2 1 Type of G code Type Type Type Type Meaning Meaning Meaning Meaning One shot G code The G code is only effective in the block in which it is spec...

Page 26: ...ell G20 08 Input in inch Input in mm G21 G28 00 Reference point return Auto return from reference point G29 G32 01 Thread cutting with constant lead Tapping G34 G36 17 Diameter programming Radius prog...

Page 27: ...2 Preparatory Function 23 G59...

Page 28: ...cycle Thread cutting cycle G72 G73 G74 G75 G76 G80 G81 G82 G90 13 Absolute programming Incremental programming G91 G92 00 Setting a coordinate system G94 14 Feedrate per minute Feedrate per revolutio...

Page 29: ...polation Interpolation Functions Functions Functions Functions This chapter would introduce 1 Positioning Command G00 2 Linear Interpolation G01 3 Circular Interpolation G02 G03 4 Chamfering and Round...

Page 30: ...Function Function The tool is moved at the highest possible speed rapid traverse If the rapid traverse movement is required to execute simultaneously on several axes the rapid traverse speed is decide...

Page 31: ...xplanation Explanation Explanation Explanation of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters X Z Coordinate value of the end point in the absolute command U W Coordinate valu...

Page 32: ...Linear Interpolation Example 1 3306 Absolute command N1 T0106 N2 M03 S460 N3 G00 X90Z20 N4 G00 X31Z3 N5 G01 Z 50 F100 N6 G00 X36 N7 Z3 N8 X30 N9 G01 Z 50 F80 N10 G00 X36 N11 X90 Z20 N12 M05 N13 M30 3...

Page 33: ...machining and finish machining simple conical part 50 35 30 26 Figure 3 3 Linear Interpolation Example 2 3307 N1 T0101 N2 M03 S460 N3 G00 X100Z40 N4 G00 X26 6 Z5 N5 G01 X31 Z 50 F100 N6 G00 X36 N7 X10...

Page 34: ...rough machining and finish machining the part 50 28 35 20 24 2 45 30 Figure 3 4 Linear Interpolation Example 3 3308 N1 T0101 N2 M03 S450 N3 G00 X100 Z40 N4 G00 X31 Z3 N5 G01 Z 50 F100 N6 G00 X36 N7 Z...

Page 35: ...3 Interpolation Function 31 N15 X100 Z40 N16 T0202 N17 G00 X100Z40 N18 G00 X14 Z3 N19 G01 X24 Z 2 F80 N20 Z 20 N21 X28 N22 X30 Z 50 N23 G00 X36 N24 X80 Z10 N24 M05 N25 M30...

Page 36: ...lockwise direction CW G03 a circular path in counterclockwise direction CCW X Z Coordinate values of the circle end point in absolute command U W Coordinate values of the circle end point with referen...

Page 37: ...G02 G02 G02 G02 G02 G02 G02 G02 G02 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 G03 Z Z Z Z G02 G02 G02 G02 G03 G03 G03 G03 G02 G02 G02 G02 Y Y Y Y X X X X G02 G02 G02 G02 G02 G02 G02...

Page 38: ...e 1 1 1 1 Use the circular interpolation command to program 27 R15 40 31 R5 26 22 Figure 3 7 Circular Interpolation Example 1 3309 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X40 Z5 N3 M03 S400 N4 G00 X0 N5 G01 Z0 F60 N6 G03 U24...

Page 39: ...Interpolation Example 2 3310 Absolute programming N1 T0101 N2 M03 S460 N3 G00 X90Z20 N4 G00 X0 Z3 N5 G01 Z0 F100 N6 G03 X30 Z 15 R15 N7 G01 Z 35 N8 X36 N9 G00 X90 Z20 N10 M05 N11 M30 3310 Incremental...

Page 40: ...ircular interpolation command to program 24 40 20 24 R10 R4 Figure 3 9 Circular Interpolation Example 3 3311 N1 T0101 N2 M03 S460 N3 G00 X100 Z40 N4 G00 X0 Z3 N5 G01 Z0 F100 N6 G03 X20 Z 10 R10 N7 G01...

Page 41: ...4 4 Use the circular interpolation command to program 40 26 20 30 R2 Figure 3 10 Circular Interpolation Example 4 3312 N1 T0101 N2 M03 S460 N3 G00 X80 Z10 N4 G00 X30 Z3 N5 G01 Z 20 F100 N6 G02 X26 Z...

Page 42: ...the parameters parameters parameters parameters X Z Coordinate values of the intersection point G in absolute command U W Coordinate values of the intersection point G in incremental command C Width o...

Page 43: ...rdinate values of the intersection point G in absolute command U W Coordinate values of the intersection pint G in incremental command R Radius of the rounding r z z z z r r r r G G G G A A A A B B B...

Page 44: ...rounding command G01 R3 R3 R3 R3 26 26 26 26 36 36 36 36 22 22 22 22 3 3 3 3 70 70 70 70 65 65 65 65 70 70 70 70 10 10 10 10 Figure 3 13 Chamfering and Rounding G01 Example 3314 N1 M03 S460 N2 G00 U...

Page 45: ...of the intersection point G in absolute command U W Coordinate values of the intersection point G with reference to the circle starting point point A in incremental command R Circle Radius r RL Width...

Page 46: ...the intersection point G in absolute command U W Coordinate values of the intersection point G with reference to the circle starting point point A in incremental command R Circle radius r RC Radius of...

Page 47: ...5 R15 R15 R15 26 26 26 26 36 36 36 36 21 21 21 21 4 4 4 4 70 70 70 70 56 56 56 56 70 70 70 70 10 10 10 10 Figure 3 16 Chamfering and Rounding G02 G03 Example 3315 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X70 Z10 M03 S460 N3 G...

Page 48: ...the the parameters parameters parameters parameters X Z Coordinate values of end point in absolute command U W Coordinate values of end point with reference to the starting point in incremental comman...

Page 49: ...machined with G32 Note Note Note Note 1 The spindle speed should remain constant during rough cutting and finish cutting 2 The feed hold function is ineffective during the thread cutting Even though t...

Page 50: ...ameter programming 80 80 80 80 100 100 100 100 M30 M30 M30 M30 1 5 1 5 1 5 1 5 Figure 3 19 Thread Cutting Example 3316 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X50 Z120 N3 M03 S300 N4 G00 X29 2 Z101 5 N5 G32 Z19 F1 5 N6 G00 X...

Page 51: ...eters parameters K The distance from the starting point to the bottom of the hole F Thread lead P Dwell time at the bottom of a hole K X Z Figure 3 20 Rigid Tapping Function Function Function Function...

Page 52: ...for tapping Optional dwelled unit for tapping is only effective when dwelled unit for tapping is assigned to 0 Moreover it is not necessary to restart the system The following formular is to calculat...

Page 53: ...25mm 0034 T0101 S100 G90G1X0Z0F500 G34K 10F1 25P2 S200 G90G1X0Z0F500 G34K 10F1 25P2 S300 G90G1X0Z0F500 G34K 10F1 25P2 S400 G90G1X0Z0F500 G34K 20F1 25P2 S500 G90G1X0Z0F500 G34K 30F1 25P3 S600 G90G1X0Z...

Page 54: ...on Function Function Function There are two kinds of feed functions 1 Rapid Traverse The tool is moved at the rapid traverse speed set in CNC 2 Cutting Feed The tool is moved at the programmed cutting...

Page 55: ...Traverse Traverse G00 G00 G00 G00 Positioning command G00 is to move the tool at the rapid traverse speed the highest possible speed This rapid traverse speed can be controlled by the machine control...

Page 56: ...of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters G94 feedrate per minute On linear axis the unit of feedrate is mm min or in min On rational axis the unit of feedrate is degree min G95...

Page 57: ...P_ Explanation Explanation Explanation Explanation of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters P dwell time specified in seconds Function Function Function Function It can...

Page 58: ...rn G28 2 Auto Return from Reference Position G29 3 Setting a Workpiece Coordinate System G92 4 Selecting a Machine Coordinat System G53 5 Selecting a Workpiece Coordinate System G54 G59 6 Origin of a...

Page 59: ...tool is moved to the intermediate point rapidly and then returned to the reference point Z Z Z Z X X X X Reference position Intermediate position Figure 5 1 Reference Position Return Note Note Note N...

Page 60: ...Z W _ Explanation Explanation Explanation Explanation of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters X Z Coordinate value of the end point in absolute command U W Coordinate v...

Page 61: ...diate point B and then returns to the reference point R At last it moves from the reference point R to the end point C through the intermediate point B 40 B C R A 250 250 250 250 100 100 100 100 50 20...

Page 62: ...iece coordinate system Functions Functions Functions Functions G92 can set a workpiece coordinate system based on the current tool position X_ Z_ Example Example Example Example Use G92 to set a workp...

Page 63: ...Explanation Explanation Explanation Explanation of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters X Z Absoulte coordinate values of a point in the machine coordinate system Funct...

Page 64: ...ameters parameters parameters X Z Coordinate values of the point in absolute command Function Function Function Function There are six workpiece coordinate system to be selected If one coordinate syst...

Page 65: ...ample Select one of workpiece coordinate system and the tool path is Current point A B G54 O A X Z Z G59 O 30 40 30 30 B X Machine Zero Point Figure 5 4 Workpiece Coordinate System Example 3303 N01 G5...

Page 66: ...rs parameters parameters parameters G51 can move the origin of workpiece coordinate system U W Coordinate values of the position in incremental command G50 can cancel the movement Function Function Fu...

Page 67: ...ramming Programming G90 X_ Z_ G91 U_W_ Explanation Explanation Explanation Explanation of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters G90 Absolute programming X Z Coordinate v...

Page 68: ...0 50 2 2 2 2 Figure 5 5 Absolute and Incremental Programming Example 0001 N 1 T0101 N 2 M03 S460 N3 G90 G00 X50 Z2 N4 G01 X15 N 5 Z 30 N 6 X25 Z 40 N 7 X50 Z2 N 8 M30 Absolute Programming 0001 N 1 M03...

Page 69: ...n The coordinate value on X axis is specified in two ways diameter or radius It allows to program the dimension straight from the drawing without conversion Note Note Note Note 1 In all the examples o...

Page 70: ...50 50 50 50 Figure 5 6 Diameter and Radius Programming Example Diameter Programming Radius Programming Compound Programming 3304 N1 G92 X180 Z254 N2 M03 S460 N3 G01 X20 W 44 N4 U30 Z50 N5 G00 X180 Z2...

Page 71: ...planation of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters G20 Inch input G21 Metric input The units of linear axis and circular axis are shown in the following table Table 5 1...

Page 72: ...indle speed is r min Spindle speed is the cutting speed when it is at the constant speed the unit of speed is m min S is modal G code command it is only available when the spindle is adjustable Spindl...

Page 73: ...tion Explanation of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters X The minimum speed of the spindle when using constant surface speed r min P The maximum speed of the spindle w...

Page 74: ...planation of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters G96 activate the constant surface speed S surface speed m min G97 deactivate the constant surface speed S spindle spee...

Page 75: ...stant surface control command 27 R15 40 31 R5 26 22 Figure 6 1 Constant Surface Control Example 3318 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X40 Z5 N3 M03 S460 N4 G96 S80 N5 G46 X400 P900 N5 G00 X0 N6 G01 Z0 F60 N7 G03 U24 W...

Page 76: ...7 Tool Function 72 7 7 7 7 Tool Tool Tool Tool Function Function Function Function This chapter would introduce 1 Too selection and Tool offset T code 2 Tool radius compensation G40 G41 G42...

Page 77: ...guration XX Tool offset number two digits It corresponds to the specific compensation value Functions Functions Functions Functions To select the desired tool T command makes the turret turn selects a...

Page 78: ...7 Tool Function 74 Example Example Example Example 0012 N01 T0101 N02 M03 S460 N03 G00 X45 Z0 N04 G01 X10 F100 N05 G00 X80 Z30 N06 T0202 N07 G00 X40 Z5 N08 G01 Z 20 F100 N09 G00 X80 Z30 N10 M30...

Page 79: ...vate tool radius compensation tool operates in machining operation to the left of the contour G42 Activate tool radius compensation tool operates in machining operation to the right of the contour G41...

Page 80: ...compensation and program for the part shown in Figure 7 2 27 R15 40 31 R5 26 22 Figure 7 2 Tool Radius Compensation 3323 N1 T0101 N2 M03 S400 N3 G00 X40 Z5 N4 G00 X0 N5 G01 G42 Z0 F60 N6 G03 U24 W 24...

Page 81: ...lock 1 Pre M function M command is executed before the completion of move command 2 Post M function M command is executed after the completion of move command There are two types of M code one shot M...

Page 82: ...function M30 One shot End of program with return to the beginning of program Post M function M98 One shot Calling of subprogram Post M function M99 One shot End of subprogram Post M function PLC PLC P...

Page 83: ...ained The difference between M00 and M01 is that the operator must press M01 button on the machine control panel Otherwise the program would not be stopped even if there is M01 code in the program 8 2...

Page 84: ...9 M99 M99 End of Subprogram M99 M99 indicates the end of subprogram and returns control to the main program It is one shot M function and it is post M function Calling a Subprogram M98 M98 P_ L_ P pro...

Page 85: ...am Control Example 3111 N1 G92 X32 Z1 N2 G00 Z0 M03 S46 N3 M98 P0003 L5 N4 G36 G00 X32 Z1 N5 M05 N6 M30 0003 N1 G37 G01 U 12 F100 N2 G03 U7 385 W 4 923 R8 N3 U3 215 W 39 877 R60 N4 G02 U1 4 W 28 636 R...

Page 86: ...rogram M05 stops spindle M03 M04 are modal M code and they are pre M function M05 is modal M code and it is post M function M05 is the default setting 8 3 2 8 3 2 8 3 2 8 3 2 Coolant Coolant Coolant C...

Page 87: ...g Programming This chapter would introduce 1 Canned Cycle Internal diameter Outer diameter cutting cycle G80 End face turning cycle G81 Thread cutting cycle G82 End face peck drilling cycle G74 Outer...

Page 88: ...utting Cutting Cutting Cutting Cycle Cycle Cycle Cycle Programming Programming Programming Programming G80 X U _ Z W _ F_ Explanation Explanation Explanation Explanation of of of of the the the the pa...

Page 89: ...dinate values of end point point C with reference to the initial point point A in incremental command I The radius difference between starting point B and end point C It is negative if the radius of p...

Page 90: ...G80 command to machine the cylindrical part in two steps rough machining and finish machining 50 35 30 Figure 9 3 Internal Diameter Outer Diameter Cutting Cycle Example 1 3320 N1 T0101 N2 M03 S460 N3...

Page 91: ...red part in two steps rough machining and finish machining 50 35 30 26 Figure 9 4 Internal Diameter Outer Diameter Cutting Cycle Example 2 3321 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X100Z40 M03 S460 N3 G00 X40 Z5 N4 G80 X3...

Page 92: ...machining 50 28 35 20 24 2 45 30 Figure 9 5 Internal Diameter Outer Diameter Cutting Cycle Example 3 3322 N1 T0101 N2 M03 S460 N3 G00 X100 Z40 N4 X40 Z3 N5 G80 X31 Z 50 F100 N6 G80 X25 Z 20 N7 G80 X2...

Page 93: ...n of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters X Z Coordinate values of end point point C in absolute command U W Coordinate values of end point point C with reference to th...

Page 94: ...C with reference to the initial point point A in incremental command K The distance on Z axis of the starting point point B with reference to the end point point C It is negative if the value of poin...

Page 95: ...ogram The dashed line stands for the roughcast 3 3 3 3 8 8 8 8 25 25 25 25 55 55 55 55 33 5 33 5 33 5 33 5 Figure 9 8 End Face Turning Cycle G81 3323 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X60 Z45 N3 M03 S460 N4 G81 X25 Z31...

Page 96: ...nd point point C in absolute command U W Coordinate values of end point point C with reference to the initial point point A in incremental command R E Coordinate value of retraction amount with refere...

Page 97: ...point A in incremental command I The radius difference between starting point B and end point C It is negative if the radius of point B is less than the radius of point C Otherwise it is positive R E...

Page 98: ...m The screw s pitch is 1 5 and the number of thread head is 2 80 80 80 80 100 100 100 100 30 30 30 30 Figure 9 11 Thread Cutting Cycle Example 3324 N1 G54 G00 X35 Z104 N2 M03 S300 N3 G82 X29 2 Z18 5 C...

Page 99: ...of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters Z Coordinate value on Z axis of the end point in absolute command W Coordinate value on Z axis of the end point with reference t...

Page 100: ...s to Simplify Programming 96 Example Example Example Example Use G74 to drill a hole on a workpiece X Z 10 60 Figure 9 13 End Face Peck Drilling Cycle Example 1234 T0101 M03S500 G01 X0 Z10 G74 Z 60R1Q...

Page 101: ...on of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters X Coordinate value on X axis of the end point in absolute command U Coordinate value on X axis of the end point with referenc...

Page 102: ...to Simplify Programming 98 Example Example Example Example Use G75 to groove a hole on a workpiece X Z 80 50 Figure 9 15 Outer Diameter Grooving Cycle Example 1234 T0101 M03S500 G01 X50 Z50 G75 X10R1...

Page 103: ...rogramming Programming Programming G71 U d R r P ns Q nf X x Z z F f S s T t Explanation Explanation Explanation Explanation of of of of the the the the parameters parameters parameters parameters U d...

Page 104: ...be used in the finishing program between P ns and Q nf Otherwise there is an alarm message 2 G71 can not be used in MDI mode 3 G98 and G99 can not used in the finishing program between P ns and Q nf 4...

Page 105: ...lowance in the Z direction is 0 1mm The dashed line stands for the original part 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 20 34 34 34 34 44 44 44 44 R7 R5 25 62 35 52 82 2 45 Figure 9 18 Outer Diameter Removal without Gr...

Page 106: ...is 0 1mm The dashed line stands for the original part 2 45 R7 R5 25 62 35 52 82 44 44 44 44 34 34 34 34 20 20 20 20 10 10 10 10 8 8 8 8 Figure 9 19 Internal Diameter Removal without Groove Example 332...

Page 107: ...the direction of AA R r Retraction amount P ns Sequence number of the first block for the finishing program Q nf Sequence number of the last block for the finishing program E e Distance and direction...

Page 108: ...Turning with Groove Example 3327 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X80 Z100 M03 S400 N3 G00 X42 Z3 N4G71U1R1P8Q19E0 3F100 N5 G00 X80 Z100 N6 T0202 N7 G00 G42 X42 Z3 N8 G00 X10 N9 G01 X20 Z 2 F80 N10 Z 8 N11 G02 X28 Z...

Page 109: ...quence number of the first block for the finishing program Q nf Sequence number of the last block for the finishing program X x Distance and direction of finishing allowance on X axis Z z Distance and...

Page 110: ...se there is an alarm message 2 G72 can not be used in MDI mode 3 G98 and G99 can not used in the finishing program between P ns and Q nf 4 The direction of x and z is shown in the following figure Z X...

Page 111: ...Z direction is 0 5mm The dashed line stands for the original part 2 45 R4 R2 15 50 26 40 60 74 74 74 74 54 54 54 54 30 30 30 30 10 10 10 10 Figure 9 24 Outer Diameter Removal in Facing Example 3328 N...

Page 112: ...owance in the Z direction is 0 5mm The dashed line stands for the original part 34 10 11 2 45 R4 R2 10 10 10 10 30 30 30 30 54 54 54 54 74 74 74 74 10 60 8 8 8 8 Figure 9 25 Internal Diameter Removal...

Page 113: ...n the X direction radius designation W K distance and direction of total roughing allowance in the X direction radius designation R r Repeated times of cutting P ns Sequence number of the first block...

Page 114: ...Note 1 G00 or G01 must be used in the finishing program between P ns and Q nf Otherwise there is an alarm message 2 G73 can not be used in MDI mode 3 G98 and G99 can not used in the finishing program...

Page 115: ...allowance on X and Z axis are 0 6mm 0 1mm respectively The dash dot line is the part s blank 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 20 34 34 34 34 44 44 44 44 R7 R5 25 62 35 52 2 45 Figure 9 27 Pattern Repeating Exampl...

Page 116: ...e of tool tip two digit number It could be 80 60 55 30 29 or 0 X Z Coordinate value of end point point C in absolute command U W Coordinate value of end point point C with reference to the initial poi...

Page 117: ...e signs of U and W is defined by the direction of AC and CD respectively 2 The cutting depth in 1st cut is d the cutting depth in nth cut is d n The bite of each cycle is 1 n n d a d d n k d nth 1st 2...

Page 118: ...60 59 25 59 25 59 25 59 25 12 12 12 12 18 18 18 18 ZM60 ZM60 ZM60 ZM60 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 30 0 0 0 90 90 90 90 6 6 6 6 Figure 9 30 Multiple Thread Cutting Cycle Example 3331 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X100 Z100 N3 M0...

Page 119: ...mm Tool selection number 1 face tool is used to machine the part face number 2 face cylindrical tool is used to rough turning the contour number 3 face cylindrical tool is used to finish turning the c...

Page 120: ...X42 Z 49 R6 N22 G01 Z 53 N23 X36 Z 65 N24 Z 73 N25 G02 X40 Z 75 R2 N26 G01 X44 N27 X46 Z 76 N28 Z 84 N29 G02 Z 113 R25 N30 G03 X52 Z 122 R15 N31 G01 Z 133 N32 G01 X54 N33 G00 G40 X100 Z80 N34 M05 N35...

Page 121: ...ed to finish turning the contour number 3 cylindrical thread tool is used to machine the thread The pitch is 2mm At last number 4 parting off tool is used to cut off the part R10 R10 R10 R10 R10 R10 R...

Page 122: ...Z 45 N16 G00 X30 N17 G40 X100 Z30 N18 T0303 N19 G00 X27 Z3 N20 G82 X23 1 Z 22 F2 N21 G82 X22 5 Z 22 F2 N22 G82 X21 9 Z 22 F2 N23 G82 X21 5 Z 22 F2 N24 G82 X21 4 Z 22 F2 N25 G82 X21 4 Z 22 F2 N26 G00...

Page 123: ...the angle of tool tip is 55 tan1 79 0 031 4 4 4 4 1 79 1 79 1 79 1 79 56 659 56 659 56 659 56 659 16 16 16 16 26 26 26 26 ZG2 ZG2 ZG2 ZG2 40 40 40 40 4 4 4 4 90 90 90 90 55 55 55 55 659 659 659 659 Fi...

Page 124: ...time diameter designation is 0 9mm 0 6mm 0 6mm 0 4mm and 0 1mm The angle of tool tip is 60 M40 M40 M40 M40 2 2 2 2 38 30 36 36 36 36 Figure 10 4 Comprehensive Programming Example 4 3367 N1 T0101 N2 M...

Page 125: ...Macro Similarly to subprogram the custom macro function allows operators to define their own program The way of calling the custom macro is same as subprogram s The difference is that custom macro all...

Page 126: ...e of of of of variables variables variables variables Function Function Function Function 0 49 Local variables They are used in a macro program 50 199 Common variables They can be shared among differe...

Page 127: ...system in programming 1013 position A machine coordinate system in programming 1014 position B machine coordinate system in programming 1015 position C machine coordinate system in programming 1016 po...

Page 128: ...igin W in workpiece coordinate system 1039 axis of the coordinate system 1040 origin X of G54 1041 origin Y of G54 1042 origin Z of G54 1043 origin A of G54 1044 origin B of G54 1045 origin C of G54 1...

Page 129: ...A of G57 1074 origin B of G57 1075 origin C of G57 1076 origin U of G57 1077 origin V of G57 1078 origin W of G57 1079 reserved 1080 origin X of G58 1081 origin Y of G58 1082 origin Z of G58 1083 orig...

Page 130: ...axis of the coordinate system 1110 middle point X of G28 1111 middle point Y of G28 1112 middle point Z of G28 1113 middle point A of G28 1114 middle point B of G28 1115 middle point C of G28 1116 mid...

Page 131: ...ate system 1141 code 2 of changing a coordinate system 1142 code 3 of changing a coordinate system 1143 reserved 1144 number of tool length compensation 1145 number of tool radius compensation 1146 li...

Page 132: ...ue of G code 16 1167 modal value of G code 17 1168 modal value of G code 18 1169 modal value of G code 19 1170 residual CACHE 1171 spare CACHE 1172 residual buffer storage 1173 spare buffer storage 11...

Page 133: ...4 reserved 2000 2600 data for the repetitive cycle 2000 number of contour point 2001 2100 type of contour 0 G00 1 G01 2 G02 3 G03 2101 2200 contour point X diameter or radius designation 2201 2300 con...

Page 134: ...11 Custom Macro 130 11 2 11 2 11 2 11 2 Constant Constant Constant Constant PI 3 14151926 TRUE True condition FALSE False condition...

Page 135: ...perator operator operator operator EQ NE GT GE LT LE 3 3 3 3 Logic Logic Logic Logic operator operator operator operator AND OR NOT 4 4 4 4 Function Function Function Function SIN Sine COS Cosine TAN...

Page 136: ...11 4 11 4 Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignment refers to assign a variable value to a constant or expression Format Format Format Format Variable constant or expression Example 2 175...

Page 137: ...ional expression is satisfied the statements between IF and ELSE are executed If the specified conditional expression is not satisfied the statements between ELSE and ENDIF are executed Format Format...

Page 138: ...WHILE WHILE ENDW ENDW ENDW ENDW Format Format Format Format WHILE Conditional expression ENDW Explanation Explanation Explanation Explanation When the conditional expression is satisfied the statemen...

Page 139: ...J 10 K 11 L 12 M 13 N 14 O 15 P 16 Q 17 R 18 S 19 T 20 U 21 V 22 W 23 X 24 Y 25 Z 26 Mode value of Z plane in canned cycle 27 Unavailable 28 Unavailable 29 Unavailable 30 Absolute coordinate of 0 axis...

Page 140: ...le is defined as incremental command G91 2 When it is macro call subprogram or canned cycle with G code the system would copy the system variables A Z to local variables 0 25 in the macro Meanwhile th...

Page 141: ...1 1 Program the parabola B in interval 0 8 shown in Figure 11 1 The parabola 2 2 A B 8 32 A B 16 16 16 16 32 32 32 32 Figure 11 1 Custom Macro Example 1 3401 N1 T0101 N2 G37 N3 10 0 N4 M03 S600 N5 WH...

Page 142: ...1 2 The parabola 2 2 A B 4 4 4 4 8 32 A B 32 40 20 16 Figure 11 2 Custom Macro Example 2 3402 T0101 G00 X21 Z3 M03 S600 10 7 5 WHILE 10 GE 0 11 10 10 2 G90 G01 X 2 10 0 8 F500 Z 11 0 05 U2 Z3 10 10 0...

Page 143: ...shown in Figure 11 3 The parabola 2 2 A B 5 5 5 5 8 A B 12 20 28 20 16 Figure 11 3 Custom Macro Example 3 3403 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X20 5 Z3 N3 11 12 N4 M03 S600 N5 WHILE 11 LE 32 N6 10 SQRT 2 11 N7 G90 G...

Page 144: ...in Figure 11 4 The parabola 2 2 A B 8 32 A B 12 28 38 8 4 30 22 10 6 Figure 11 4 Custom Macro Example 4 3404 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X25 Z3 N3 11 12 N4 M03 S600 N5 WHILE 11 LE 32 N6 10 SQRT 2 11 N7G90G01X 2 1...

Page 145: ...11 5 Custom Macro Example 5 3405 N1 T0101 N2 G00 X90 Z30 N3 U10 V50 W80 A20 B40 C3 M98 P01 20 10 21 50 22 80 0 20 1 40 2 3 N4 M30 01 N1 G00 Z 22 21 20 N2 X 1 5 N3 10 2 N4 WHILE 10 LE 21 N5 G00 Z 22 21...

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Wuhan Huazhong Numerical Control Co., Ltd HNC-18iT, Programming Manual

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