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WP 34S Owner‘s Manual

Edition 2.2

Page 84 of 103

Conversion

Remarks

Class

kWh



J

* 3.6E6

Energy

lbf



N

* 4.448222

Force

lb



kg

* 0.4535924

Mass

l.y.



km

* 9.460730

E

12

Light years

Length

l



cft

/ 28.31685

1

l

=

1

/

1000

m

3

Volume

l



galUK

/ 4.54609

l



galUS

/ 3.785418

miles



km

* 1.609344

Length

m

l



flozUK

/ 28.41306

1

ml

= 1 cm

3

Volume

m

l



flozUS

/ 29.57353

mmHg



Pa

* 133.3224

1 torr = 1 mm Hg

Pressure

m



fathom

/ 1.8288

Length

m



feet

/ 0.3048

Length

m



yards

/ 0.9144

Length

nmi



km

* 1.852

Nautical miles

Length

N



lbf

/ 4.448222

Force

oz



g

* 28.34952

Ounces

Mass

Pa



atm

/ 1.01325

E

5

1 Pa = 1 N/m

2

Pressure

Pa



bar

/ 1

E

5

Pressure

Pa



inHg

/ 3386.389

Pressure

Pa



mmHg

/ 133.3224

Pressure

Pa



psi

/ 6894.757

Pressure

Pa



torr

/ 133.3224

Pressure

pc



km

* 3.085678

E

16

Parsec

Length

pr.



dB













2

1

lg

10

P

P

Power ratio

Ratio

psi



Pa

* 6894.757

Pounds per square inch

Pressure

PS(hp)



W

* 735.4988

Horse power

Power

rad



°

* 180 / π

Equals R



D

Angle

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Summary of Contents for WP-34S

Page 1: ...seful but without any warranty without even the implied warranty of merchantability or fit ness for a particular purpose See the GNU General Public License for more details You should have received a...

Page 2: ...ributions Probabilities etc 15 Matrices 16 Complex Operations 17 Memory 18 Stack Mechanics 20 Comparing and Addressing Real Numbers 22 Comparing and Addressing Complex Numbers 23 Addressing Labels 24...

Page 3: ...ut 91 Hotkeys 91 Keyboard Codes 92 Direct Keyboard Access 93 Appendix A Support for Flashing Serial I O etc 94 How to Flash Your HP 20b or 30b 94 Commands for Handling Flash Memory on Your WP 34S 95 M...

Page 4: ...Hewlett Packard calculators for decades On the other hand the firmware and user interface of the WP 34S were thoroughly thought through and discussed by us newly designed and written from scratch loa...

Page 5: ...free time so you may call it our hobby though some people close to us found different names for this From its very beginning our project was discussed on the forum of the Museum of HP Calculators www...

Page 6: ...manual as a starter This part includes an excellent introduction to RPN This RPN is a very effective method making and keys obsolete in calculations Once you got used to it you will most probably nev...

Page 7: ...ted next to the white ones in gol den blue green or grey color Green labels are placed on the slanted faces of most keys Golden and blue labels are printed below of the respective key on the top face...

Page 8: ...a and So just take a 90 feet rope nail its one end on post A and the other one on B fetch the loose loop and walk 40 feet away As soon as both parts of the rope are tightly stretched stop and place po...

Page 9: ...ou will find each and every command provided on your WP 34S below in the index of operations for your reference to gether with the necessary individual explanation In four decades of pocket calculator...

Page 10: ...ns y X x A B C D MODE A B C D E F The dark red background is used to highlight changed key functionality here Prefix will access the default primary functions wherever they aren t primary anymore Calc...

Page 11: ...ture append characters to alpha immediately or via alpha catalogs Alpha mode starts with capitals and toggles upper and lower case appends a space Primary function of most keys is ap pending the lette...

Page 12: ...ll but deviate from the labels printed on your WP 34S keyboard at these locations Prefix leads to homonymic Greek letters where applicable 3 And gives access to logic symbols via the Boolean operation...

Page 13: ...g input processing in comparisons and in memory addressing e g during storing See the respective virtual keyboard here MODE A B C D I ENTER J K L This mode is left automati cally when suf ficient char...

Page 14: ...34 US and taking 56 7 US from it is solved as follows enter first number separates the two numbers in input as in the very first example above enter second number subtract it from the first By the fir...

Page 15: ...ing confidence limits for the true value based on a sample evalua tion employing a particular confidence level e g 95 you must know your ob jective o Do you want to know the upper limit under which th...

Page 16: ...pport routines for creating more useful matrix functions as keystroke pro grams I e they represent the basic linear algebra subprograms of the WP 34S ma trix support There are however also functions f...

Page 17: ...will operate on R12 and R13 x and y then C f will operate on x y z and t Where one number real functions replace x by the result f x one argument com plex functions replace x by the real part and y b...

Page 18: ...L takes the real part of the last argument I takes the imaginary part when a complex func tion was executed see C LASTx Using registers R86 R99 will contain statistical sums as indicated J and K may...

Page 19: ...ing in RAM on the opposite are designed for frequent data changes but will not hold data with the batteries removed So both kinds of memory have specific advantages and disadvan tages you shall take i...

Page 20: ...k mechanics Level Assumed stack contents at the begin ning Stack contents after executing real functions of the real stack register operations one number like x2 two numbers like ENTER FILL DROP x y R...

Page 21: ...ENTER C FILL C DROP C x y C R C R C LASTx With 4 stack levels T Im yc Im tc Im xc yc tc Im xc xc xc yc tc yc tc Z Re yc Re tc Re xc Re xc Y Im xc Im xc yc Im yc yc last xc Im xc 2 Im yc xc X Re xc Re...

Page 22: ...umber Dot matrix display OP r nn e g OP x e g OP nn e g Compares x with the number stored in R23 Shows the content of the register where L is pointing to Stores x into the loca tion where R45 is point...

Page 23: ...egister Register number Dot matrix display OP r nn e g OP x e g OP nn e g Compares x i y with r26 i r27 Swaps x with the contents of the register where Z is pointing to and y with the contents of the...

Page 24: ...ooter Integrates the function whose label is on stack level T Executes the routine whose label is in R44 Additionally see above for the way your WP 34S searches labels and look up GTO in the index of...

Page 25: ...ser The numeric section in the lower part of the LCD is used for displaying numbers in dif ferent formats for status or messages If two or more requests concur for display space the items will be show...

Page 26: ...recalling valid mode data else your WP 34S may be driven into a lockup state See the index of operations for more information about changing modes and the individual commands employed Some regional c...

Page 27: ...hen a flag is set the respective bar turns black So here the top row of bars indicates flags 0 and 1 are clear 2 and 3 set and flag 4 clear Then the divider II separates the first group of five flags...

Page 28: ...last operation executed was a complex one a capital C is displayed top left in the dot matrix pointing to the fact that you find the result of this function in X and Y Floating point decimal numbers...

Page 29: ...dows in this case with the three most significant containing only zeros Please note numeric input is limited to 12 digits in any integer base 8 Fraction mode works similar to HP 35S In particular DENM...

Page 30: ...nput interpretations in fraction mode 9 In H MS display mode format is hhhh mm ss dd with the number of hours or degrees limited to 9000 Output may look like this or depending on the radix setting For...

Page 31: ...e or depending on time mode setting 12h 24h And DATE will append depending on date format setting either 2011 04 16 or 16 04 2011 or 04 16 2011 to alpha Please note alpha may contain up to 31 characte...

Page 32: ...tters were added and some modified for better legibility since the dot matrix is only 6 pixels high here The following tables show the characters directly accessible through the keyboard A B C D E F G...

Page 33: ...unctions available on the WP 34S for the first time on an RPN calculator are high lighted yellow under remarks while operations carrying a familiar name but deviating in their functionality here are m...

Page 34: ...th the maximum number of digits necessary see SCIOVR ENGOVR The same will happen if and more than 12 digits are required to show x completely AND Integer Works bitwise as in HP 16C DECM Works like AND...

Page 35: ...not BASE10 BASE16 BASE2 BASE8 BATT DECM Measures the battery voltage in the range be tween 1 9V and 3 4V and returns this value Integer As above but returns the voltage in 0 1V units BC BC n Integer T...

Page 36: ...pe in K CauchP Cauch 1 CB CB n Integer Clears the specified bit in x CEIL DECM Returns the smallest integer x CF CF n Clears the flag specified CLALL PRG Clears all registers and programs if confirmed...

Page 37: ...the population covariance for two data sets It depends on the fit model selected For LinF it calculates i i i i xy y x y x n n COV 2 1 See sxy for the sample covariance CUBE Returns x3 CUBERT Returns...

Page 38: ...th e g DENMAX 60 possible denominators are 2 3 4 5 6 10 12 15 20 30 and 60 DENFIX Sets fixed denominator format i e the denomi nator equaling DENMAX always DENMAX Works like c in HP 35S but maximum de...

Page 39: ...depending on the radix setting E3ON ENG n Sets engineering display format ENGOVR Numbers exceeding the range displayable in ALL or FIX will be shown in engineering format See SCIOVR ENTER See above fo...

Page 40: ...n Integer Inverts flips the specified bit in x FC FC n etc Tests if the flag specified is clear Clears flips or sets this flag after testing if applicable FC C FC F FC S FF FF n Flips the flag specif...

Page 41: ...Geom DECM Geometric distribution GeomP returns m Ge p p m f 0 0 1 Geom returns 1 0 1 1 m Ge p m F being the probability for a first success after m x Bernoulli experiments The probability p0 for a su...

Page 42: ...imes or degrees in the format hhhh mmssdd and adds or sub tracts them respectively H MS IBASE Returns the integer base set see BASE IMPFRC Sets fraction mode allowing improper fractions in display i e...

Page 43: ...Returns the regularized incomplete gamma func tion x y x with y t x dt e t y x 0 1 being the lower incomplete gamma function For see be low J L JG1582 DECM These two commands reflect different dates...

Page 44: ...ing label in the table above LCM Returns the Least Common Multiple of x and y LEAP DECM Takes x as a date in the format selected ex tracts the year and tests for a leap year LgNrm DECM Lognormal distr...

Page 45: ...s with n in Y and in Z x n n n x n e x dx d n e x x L LN LN DECM Returns the natural logarithm of Euler s func tion See there LN LN LN DECM Returns the natural logarithm of x See there LN LOAD Restore...

Page 46: ...rom X MASKR MAX Returns the maximum minimum of x and y MIN MIRROR Integer Reflects the bit pattern in x e g 000101 becomes 101000 for word size 6 MONTH DECM Assumes x containing a date in the format s...

Page 47: ...he descriptor is negative and ISG else M DIAG DECM Takes a matrix descriptor in X saves it in L and returns a loop counter in X The loop processes all elements along the matrix diagonal i e all elemen...

Page 48: ...s re placed by a pivot descriptor that defines the pi vots that were required to calculate the decom position The most significant digit is the pivot for the first diagonal entry the next most the sec...

Page 49: ...matrix n DECM Recalls the number of accumulated data points Necessary for basic statistics ODD Checks if x is integer and odd OFF PRG Inserts a step to turn your WP 34S off under program control OR W...

Page 50: ...the absolute value of the integer part of x is a prime The method is believed to work for integers up to 9E18 PROFRC DECM Sets fraction mode like in HP 35S allowing only proper fractions or mixed num...

Page 51: ...rks like RCL but recalls from a register in flash memory Also the six recall arithmetic op erations may be performed like with RCL RCF s RCF RG Recovers all general purpose registers from the backup r...

Page 52: ...is not programmable RJ Integer Right adjusts in analogy to LJ on HP 16C RL RL n Integer Works like n consecutive RLs RLCs on HP 16C For RL 1 n 63 For RLC 1 n 64 RL 0 and RLC 0 execute as NOP RLC RLC n...

Page 53: ...er is set to step 000 RTN 1 PRG Returns control to the calling routine like RTN but moves the program pointer to the second line following the most recent XEQ instruction encountered If there is none...

Page 54: ...their own special region SB SB n Integer Sets the specified bit in x SCI n Sets scientific display format SCIOVR Numbers exceeding the range displayable in ALL or FIX will be shown in scientific form...

Page 55: ...onal preferences see above SETUSA SF SF n Sets the flag specified SHOW DECM PRG Shows the full mantissa until the next key is pressed See above PRG Displays a CRC checksum of program memory contents a...

Page 56: ...program the step after SLVQ will be executed Else SLVQ returns the real part of the first complex root in X and its imaginary part in Y the 2nd root is the conjugate of the first see CONJ If run dire...

Page 57: ...btracts x from r12 like the se quence 12 12 does but without touching the stack at all See the addressing table above for C STO STO d STO d STO d STO d STO takes the maximum minimum of the values in d...

Page 58: ...ine i e if the pro gram running flag is set and the return stack pointer points to an empty stack TRANSP DECM Takes a matrix descriptor in X and returns the descriptor of its transpose The transpose i...

Page 59: ...like on HP 16C but with the parameter following the command instead of taken from X Reducing the word size truncates the values in the stack registers employed including L WSIZE 0 sets the word size...

Page 60: ...e spective character to alpha similar to XTOA in HP 42S x r Swaps the contents of X and r in analogy to x y x y Swaps x and y performing Re Im if a com plex operation was executed immediately be fore...

Page 61: ...alpha call DATE DATE DAY integer Takes x as a date recalls the name of the re spective day and appends its first 3 letters to al pha GTO GTO nn Takes the contents of Rnn as character code Takes the f...

Page 62: ...cha racters instead STO d Stores the first i e leftmost 6 characters in the alpha register into destination d STO d TIME integer Takes x as a decimal time and appends it to al pha in the format hh mm...

Page 63: ...the geometric means n m 1 on the stack p p DECM Works like but with a denominator n instead of n 1 returning the scattering factors of the populations Streichkandidaten Zusatzab schnitt ber lognv Date...

Page 64: ...the populations instead ln2 x DECM Recall the respective statistical sums These sums are necessary for curve fitting models beyond pure linear Calling them by name en hances readability of programs si...

Page 65: ...nverts it to degrees Prefix may be omitted GRAD DECM Like DEG but converts to gon or grads H DECM Takes x as hours or degrees in the format hhhh mmssdd and converts them into a de cimal time or angle...

Page 66: ...returns the same result easier T T DECM Returns y x 100 interpreted as of total DECM Returns x x 100 MG MG DECM Calculates a sales price by adding a margin of x to the cost y as MU Price does in HP 1...

Page 67: ...lease note you cannot enter more than 12 digits in the mantissa in ad dressing Register input See the tables above for more Appends the respective digit to alpha A F grey print 11 12 13 14 15 h Numeri...

Page 68: ...you entered twice but you may delete the 2nd dot while editing the input line FRC First is interpreted as a space 2nd as a frac tion mark E g input of results in 2 in the display Improper fractions ma...

Page 69: ...ful while working with small bases Toggles upper and lower case indicated by Enters a memory browser DELP label PRG Deletes program steps from the current position down stream until but excluding the...

Page 70: ...Toggles programming mode for keyboard entry Program run ning Stops the program execution immediately Stopped will be shown in the upper row until the next keystroke PRG Runs the current program or re...

Page 71: ...the full alpha keyboard shown above is sufficient for browsing Please note will just call the character while browsing a catalog eases oper ations in CONV 1 x A B C D E F f g h G H I ENTER J K L and b...

Page 72: ...described above Labels in XROM cannot be accessed by goes to the first alpha label in XROM or leave CAT returning to the state as it was before DECM Constants like in HP35s Picking a constant will rec...

Page 73: ...selected therein is displayed for easy repetitive use See the table below about addressing cataloged items and the next pages for detailed item lists of the various catalogs Within each catalog items...

Page 74: ...FS F f x RTN 1 E3ON Geom SUM x2 y FS S f x R CLR FAST Geom P sw xlny IBASE GTO R COPY FRACT Geom 1 sxy xy INTM H MS R SORT LZOFF Lgnrm xg y INT H MS R SWAP LZON Lgnrm P xw y2 KEY INC SAVE M DY Lgnrm...

Page 75: ...IP CLREG M 1 RL CUBERT SB C LN1 x LENG CUBE M RR DBLR SEED C LN MONTH CUBERT M COPY SL DBL SIGN C LN RC DAY M LU SR DBL SL C RCF RL DAYS NAND STO DROP SR C SIGN RR DECOMP NEXTP TIME FB VERS C SINC SL...

Page 76: ...Jawa Kiswahili Krey l ayisyen Magyar Bahasa Melayu Nederlands Portugu s Quechua Shqip Sloven ina Sloven ina Basa Sunda Suomeksi Svenska Tagalog Winaray Zh ngw n with a little trick explained below an...

Page 77: ...x t i t e m i n t h i s c a t a l o g e g e g e g Continue browsing this way until reaching the item desired e g e g e g n User input Calculator leaves the catalog returning to the mode set before Dot...

Page 78: ...the Moon s orbit around the Earth a 1 495979E11 1E 6 m Semi major axis of the Earth s orbit around the sun Within the uncertainty stated here it equals 1 AU c 2 99792458E8 per definition s m Vacuum s...

Page 79: ...7 K J Boltzmann constant A N R j 4 83597870E14 2 2E 8 V Hz Josephson constant h e 2 lp 1 616199E 35 6 0E 5 m Planck length c t c G p 3 me 9 10938291E 31 4 4E 8 kg Electron mass Mm 7 349E22 5E 4 Mass o...

Page 80: ...350 2 tr8350_2 html Sb 6 3567523142E6 1 6E 11 m Semi minor axis of WGS84 Se2 6 69437999014E 3 1 5E 12 1 First eccentricity squared of WGS84 Se 2 6 73949674228E 3 1 5E 12 1 Second eccentricity squared...

Page 81: ...B 9 27400968E 24 2 2E 8 T J or 2 m A Bohr s magneton e m e 2 e 9 28476430E 24 2 2E 8 Electron magnetic moment n 9 6623647E 27 2 4E 7 Neutron magnetic moment p 1 410606743E 26 2 4E 8 Proton magnetic m...

Page 82: ...added or subtracted The conversion factors or divisors listed below for your information are user transparent in executing a conversion those printed on light green background in this table apply ex a...

Page 83: ...ds or gon Angle g oz 28 34952 Mass G rad 200 Angle g tr oz 31 10348 Mass ha acres 0 4046873 1 ha 10000 m Area HPe W 746 Electric horse power Power hpUK W 745 6999 British horse power Power inches cm 2...

Page 84: ...Hg Pa 133 3224 1 torr 1 mm Hg Pressure m fathom 1 8288 Length m feet 0 3048 Length m yards 0 9144 Length nmi km 1 852 Nautical miles Length N lbf 4 448222 Force oz g 28 34952 Ounces Mass Pa atm 1 0132...

Page 85: ...d resulting in 2 1 bar Now you can set the filler and will not blow your tires In cases of emergency of a particular kind remember Becquerel equals Hertz Gray is the unit for deposited or absorbed ene...

Page 86: ...nd download them following your needs README_ASM explains the loading procedure MESSAGES There are some commands generating messages also in the dot matrix section of the display Four of them DAY DAYS...

Page 87: ...r the func tion called May appear e g if LgNrm is called with j 0 17 Please see Appendix A Matrix dIMEnSIon 21 DECM A matrix isn t square when it should be Matrix sizes aren t miscible 6 All Attempt t...

Page 88: ...culation was started based on too few data points e g regression or stan dard deviation for 2 points 10 All Keyboard input is too long for the buffer should never happen but who knows 3 All An instruc...

Page 89: ...SE STOP VIEW VW and VIEW only This allows for the following operations please note parameters are omitted here Output of messages or other information for a defined time interval using the fol lowing...

Page 90: ...or STOP the display persists Only the next PSE or STOP or keyboard entry after the program has halted will revert to the normal x display To make sure that STOP or PSE always display a specific inform...

Page 91: ...H MS display 7 Temporary display in another base not programmable Press or to get back to the normal display Data Input The easiest way of getting user input apart from expecting everything on the sta...

Page 92: ...hot keys to aren t enough But there are ways to extend the number of directly addressable subroutines by a simple trick shorthand addressing of numeric labels To make this possible each key is identi...

Page 93: ...y was pressed The statement KEY is only executed every 9 9 seconds if the user does not press a key If he does the PSE is immediately terminated KEY is executed finds the key code and stores it in reg...

Page 94: ...ating systems than XP flashing may work or not definitively not on Windows 2000 or earlier Please check On Windows 7 load MS Windows Virtual PC and Windows XP Mode then work therein Then proceed as de...

Page 95: ...y png Set the overall width of this picture to 68mm and print it Cut it out span it over your WP 34S using some transparent adhesive tape and you are done Commands for Handling Flash Memory on Your WP...

Page 96: ...ackup of the emulator RAM area registers state and programs this file is written only when exiting the emulator All files are only read into memory at emulator startup Data Transfer Between Your WP 34...

Page 97: ...b calc bin wp34s 5 dat wp34s 4 dat wp34s 1 dat wp34s dat calc full bin As an alternative the following will copy the backup data instead of the RAM state file copy b calc bin wp34s 5 dat wp34s 4 dat...

Page 98: ...let it run for 30 seconds The expected result at nominal speed is around 191000 The I O commands accept a correction factor in percent in X Try with 95 if your device is a bit too slow or 105 if it is...

Page 99: ...ed for being officially released They are listed below for sake of a complete documentation only Name Purpose and remarks iC n Recalls internal constants selected by the number specified 0 0 1 1 2 5 0...

Page 100: ...both quadratures although the weights are different This means two estimates of the integral can be performed without increasing the number of function evaluations which in turn allows an estimate of...

Page 101: ...outine calculating f c x 0 test if the solution has converged GTO 01 converged so exit the routine SLVS update estimates x 0 should we continue GTO 00 loop back again LBL 01 RCL 02 best guess so far R...

Page 102: ...ions working within FLOAT deleted ROT SHIFT the timer and forced radians after inverse hyperbolics renamed WINV to W 1 and beta and gamma commands to Greek added tables of catalog contents modified la...

Page 103: ...K ERR SKIP and SPEC to the main index added CAT and the I O commands for flash memory expanded R COPY corrected x 2 0 21 7 11 Entered beta test phase Added DAY MONTH YEAR FAST SLOW S L S R VW flag A O...

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