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60

TRUTH TABLES

The following tables are called TRUTH TABLES.   They illustrate the results of the previous
logical operations with both A and B given for every possible combination of values.

TRUTH TABLE FOR “NOT” FUNCTION

A

NOT  A

T

F

F

T

TRUTH TABLE FOR “AND” FUNCTION

A

B

A AND B

T

T

T

T

F

F

F

T

F

F

F

F

TRUTH TABLE FOR “OR” FUNCTION

A

B

A OR B

T

T

T

T

F

T

F

T

T

F

F

F

Summary of Contents for PreComputer Power Pad Plus

Page 1: ...Precomputer Power PadTM Plus User s manual...

Page 2: ...them to learn to the best of their ability Whether it s learning about letters numbers geography or algebra all VTech learning products incorporate advanced technologies and extensive curriculum to e...

Page 3: ...4 CHAPTER 3 THE KEYBOARD 6 SPECIAL KEYS 6 ACTIVITY SELECTOR 9 CHAPTER 4 ACTIVITIES AND FUNCTIONS 11 HOW TO PLAY 11 CHAPTER 5 WORD PROCESSOR 20 FILE OPTIONS 21 EDIT OPTIONS 22 FORMAT OPTIONS 23 TOOLS...

Page 4: ...TRINGS 54 LOGICAL OPERATORS 59 APPENDIX 65 THE ERROR MESSAGES 74 CHAPTER 8 CALCULATOR 76 BASIC CALCULATOR OPERATIONS 76 USING THE MEMORY FEATURES 76 ADVANCED FUNCTIONS 77 TRIGONOMETRY FUNCTIONS 78 CHA...

Page 5: ...e keyboard that gives the user the look and the feel of a real laptop computer PRECOMPUTER POWER PAD PLUS offers 38 activities that include tenses antonyms synonyms grammar spelling vocabulary basic a...

Page 6: ...ix old and new batteries Do not use batteries of different types Remove exhausted or new batteries from equipment when you are not going to use it for a long time Do not dispose of batteries in fire D...

Page 7: ...unit s adaptor jack 5 Turn the unit ON NOTE Do not leave the adaptor plugged in for a long period of time if the unit is not in use If the unit suddenly stops working or the sound seems weak it may b...

Page 8: ...the same as a real computer mouse Move the cursor on the screen by moving the mouse in the direction you would like the cursor to move The Left mouse button functions as a select key Enter key while...

Page 9: ...period of time remove the main compartment batteries or unplug the adaptor CONTRAST SWITCH Depending on your lighting conditions slide the Contrast Switch to the left or right to allow for better vie...

Page 10: ...eral other functions described below SPECIAL KEYS Enter Key Press this key after typing or choosing an answer to input your selection Shift Key Press this key to type capital letters or the symbols sh...

Page 11: ...ayer Keys Press these keys with activities featuring a 2 player mode The first person to hit his or her appropriate left or right player button will get the opportunity to answer the question first Cu...

Page 12: ...e it is running Alt Key Press this key and the letter P to activate the printing function in the activities Press this key and the 3 key to get the symbol Erase Key Press this key when you are inputti...

Page 13: ...ge Spy Trap Rocket Fuel Mystery Letter Word Recall Plurals Tenses Word Puzzles Comparatives Synonyms Antonyms Letter Drop Word In Word Vocabulary Builder Word Maker Sentence Scrambler Grammar Quiz Add...

Page 14: ...est and the fourth level is the most difficult Cartridge Key This key is used to access VTECH PRECOMPUTER expansion cartridges that are compatible with the unit An expansion cartridge must be inserted...

Page 15: ...ssing the right mouse button or the ESC key Cursor Keys You can move the cursor arrow with the cursor keys on the keyboard When the cursor arrow is on the item you want to choose press the Enter key A...

Page 16: ...e ESC button to quit the activity and return to the main menu During any of the activities press the Main Menu Demo key to return to the main menu At the bottom of the Main Menu there are three smalle...

Page 17: ...n and the Up Down arrow icons The Up Down icons are used to scroll the text if the text is too long to be displayed on one screen Besides clicking on the icons with your mouse you can also press the U...

Page 18: ...wer SYNONYMS The unit will display a word on the screen Type in a word that has the same meaning The underlines tell you how many letters are in the word Press the Enter key to confirm your answer ANT...

Page 19: ...matically incorrect word with your arrow keys or the mouse cursor Then press the Enter key or left mouse button If you pick out the grammatical error 3 multiple choice options will appear on the scree...

Page 20: ...our answer STORY PROBLEMS In this activity the PRECOMPUTER POWER PAD PLUS learning unit challenges you to find answers to math problems that are presented as story problems instead of numerical equati...

Page 21: ...ents Please see Chapter 5 of this manual for further details BASIC TUTOR This activity will acquaint you with the fundamental BASIC computer programming concepts At the end of the text there is a prog...

Page 22: ...isspelling Type a word the way you think it is spelled and press the Enter key PRECOMPUTER POWER PAD PLUS will spend a few seconds checking the dictionary If the word is spelled correctly the unit wil...

Page 23: ...cket has enough fuel to travel to the next planet Use the cursor keys to control the robot in pushing the fuel into the rocket The following are guidelines when playing this game 1 The robot can only...

Page 24: ...is repeated until you press any key or move the mouse SYSTEM SETUP System Setup allows you to change various defaults These include printer setup quick menu setup customize screen setup and more Plea...

Page 25: ...ions and it will ask if you want to create a new document If you select Yes it will ask if you want to overwrite the current document If you select Yes the document will be deleted allowing you to cre...

Page 26: ...e large blocks of text you need to do block editing The EDIT menu is for editing blocks of text You can find Edit Options by pressing the HELP key Define a Block The first step in block editing is to...

Page 27: ...your text to the right margin choose Justify Right Justify Center To align your text so it is centered within your document choose Justify Center Important note You will not be able to view the format...

Page 28: ...n your document automatically Suggestions If you don t know the correct spelling of a word and you would like the unit to provide you suggestions select Suggestions and press the Enter key A list of s...

Page 29: ...p Please note that 60 characters take up 3 lines of text on the LCD Viewing Screen but translate to one line of text on an 8 1 2 X 11 sheet of paper when printed See Examples On screen Printed on pape...

Page 30: ...ts the following printers VTECH Thermal VT 25 EPSON LQ X70 EPSON 24 Pin EPSON 9 Pin EPSON Stylus EPSON Stylus Color II Canon BJC 4100 Canon BJ 200 Canon BJ 30 Canon BJ 300 330 HP Laser IV L HP DESKJET...

Page 31: ...select three activities to put into Quick Menu This allows you to quickly access your favorite three activities directly from the Main Menu instead of selecting from a list of activities Go to System...

Page 32: ...key The message you input will appear on the screen To see your customized screen turn the unit off and then back on Your customized screen will appear Opening Sound There are three different sound e...

Page 33: ...LIST and press the Enter key Continue pressing the Enter key to view each line Rename File When this function is selected the files stored in the RAM cartridge are listed on the screen You can select...

Page 34: ...C WHAT IS A PROGRAM A computer program is a series of instructions that tells a computer what tasks you want it to perform Computer programs are written in a programming language BASIC is one of the l...

Page 35: ...lay where the cursor is positioned The DEL key will shift all characters on the display one position to the left thereby erasing the character under the cursor 7 Before anything on the display is actu...

Page 36: ...the other lines into memory Later you can execute the program by typing the command RUN Remember to press the ENTER key after typing RUN The results appearing on the LCD screen are HI THERE There is a...

Page 37: ...00 This way you will have room to add more statements if you decide to change your program in the future You can insert an entirely new line in a program between two existing ones by using a line numb...

Page 38: ...rogram because you only want to print out the sum of 3 numbers therefore it could be removed Remove that last line by typing 20 and press ENTER Now type RUN and press ENTER What happens You get the sa...

Page 39: ...ogram parakeet weigh Type this 10 PRINT 6 2 204 press ENTER RUN The symbol is used for division Here like in subtraction the order of the numbers is important since 15 3 is 5 and 3 15 is 2 How many ki...

Page 40: ...sion in parentheses first and follows those commands It could be an expression or more sets of brackets Among the expression raising to a power is calculated first followed by multiplication and divis...

Page 41: ...searches for a memory box called B and finds the number 15 The sign tells the computer to add the numbers found in A and B together It computes this and the answer is 23 Now where is the answer placed...

Page 42: ...extremely large numbers A number with the letter E and a number to the right of the decimal point is called scientific or exponential notation You find the decimal point and move the number of places...

Page 43: ...TAL is interpreted as the TO command and POTATO is interpreted as variable PO CONSTANTS A constant is something that doesn t change The computer stores it in memory just like a variable However since...

Page 44: ...ment It is called a conditional statement and will be discussed in detail under the topic called Making Decisions INPUTTING DATA We have been putting information into the computer by typing constants...

Page 45: ...his by comparing two numbers or arithmetic expressions or string variables It uses special symbols to represent a condition The symbol means greater than The symbol means less than The symbol means eq...

Page 46: ...R WIDTH W press ENTER 30 LET A L W press ENTER 40 PRINT THE AREA IS A press ENTER 50 INPUT ANOTHER Y N R press ENTER 60 IF R Y THEN 10 press ENTER 70 PRINT THAT S ALL FOLKS press ENTER 80 END RUN This...

Page 47: ...ough 130 contain two statements for the command when the condition is true One is a LET statement without the word LET C A B and the other is a GOTO statement Both of the statements are separated from...

Page 48: ...oop by using an IF statement to control the loop like the program that calculates the area of a rectangle Another way to create a loop is through the use of the FOR and NEXT statements These statement...

Page 49: ...change line 10 The entire program looks like this NEW 10 FOR N 1 TO 10 STEP 2 press ENTER 20 PRINT N IS N press ENTER 30 NEXT N press ENTER The STEP 2 part changes the meaning hidden in the NEXT N sta...

Page 50: ...will be executed sequentially until a RETURN statement is encountered At that point the program will resume at the next statement following the GOSUB Confusing Not really but first some more backgrou...

Page 51: ...puter will assign the number of bytes of that value If you want to use more strings in your program set this number to a larger one but at the same time you will have less space for your program CONT...

Page 52: ...BASIC statements in any order PRECOMPUTER POWER PAD PLUS will sort them out for you and LIST them or RUN them starting with the lowest numbered one It is a good idea to number your lines in increment...

Page 53: ...ample 10 CLS 20 PSET 100 8 RUN The result a screen pixel at coordinate 100 8 will be turned on PRESET This command turns off a specified point on the screen PRESET X Y X Y is the coordinate of the spe...

Page 54: ...ine Line Line NEXT variable The FOR NEXT statement repeats a task a set number of times without having to rewrite it All statements between the FOR and NEXT command are repeated based on the initial v...

Page 55: ...cannot be negative LOG X Gives the natural logarithm of X i e the logarithm to the base e 2 71828 The value of the argument must be greater than zero EXP X Gives you the value ex i e the natural antil...

Page 56: ...1 SGN 0 0 SGN 276 1 Example A 6 press ENTER PRINT SGN A SGN A A press ENTER 1 0 INT X This converts numbers which are not whole into the largest whole number below the argument So INT 5 9 5 also INT 5...

Page 57: ...function computes the length of the string argument which must be in brackets So if you type PRINT LEN JOHN the computer will return the result 4 This is telling you that there are 4 characters in th...

Page 58: ...te of a specified pixel PGET X Y n n Returns 1 the current coordinates X Y turns the pixel status ON 0 the current coordinates X Y turns the pixel status OFF SUBSTRINGS It is also possible to get subs...

Page 59: ...character from the end and running to the last one the right most character in the string A Example 10 A WHY 20 B RIGHT A ME 4 30 PRINT B RUN HYME MID A M N This function returns a substring of the s...

Page 60: ...the string character which corresponds to the given ASCII code The argument may be any number from 32 to 127 or any variable expression with an integer value within that range Brackets must be put ar...

Page 61: ...statement number to the highest A GOTO command transfers control to the specified line Examples 10 GOTO 130 200 GOTO 65 IF THEN ELSE In general terms the IF THEN statement is used for CONDITIONAL BRAN...

Page 62: ...mputer is told to go to line 60 Note the GOTO is optional after THEN If the condition is not true that is if X is not greater than 25 then the computer simply carries on with the normal line number or...

Page 63: ...the variable K and then carry on with the next normal line LOGICAL OPERATORS Logical operators are used IF THEN ELSE and such statements where a condition is used to determine subsequent operations wi...

Page 64: ...results of the previous logical operations with both A and B given for every possible combination of values TRUTH TABLE FOR NOT FUNCTION A NOT A T F F T TRUTH TABLE FOR AND FUNCTION A B A AND B T T T...

Page 65: ...st changes the 1 to 0 and 0 to 1 In other words TRUE 1 changed to FALSE 0 and FALSE 0 changed to TRUE 1 OR 13 15 6 binary 00000110 and 13 binary 00001101 so with reference to the OR truth table 6 OR 1...

Page 66: ...ET SUM A B C 25 LET AMOUNT PRICE DISCOUNT LIST LIST optional line number LIST is used to display the active program If the optional line number is omitted the program will be displayed from the first...

Page 67: ...ment can be very time consuming To help out use the READ and DATA commands Example 10 DATA 10 60 70 80 90 20 READ A B C D E 30 PRINT A B C D E RUN 10 60 70 80 90 The READ statement consists of a list...

Page 68: ...A B D 30 RESTORE 40 READ X Y 50 PRINT A B D 60 PRINT X Y 70 END RUN 1 3 8 1 3 The RESTORE command makes subsequent READ statements get their values from the start of the first DATA statement Example 1...

Page 69: ...statement number STOP CONT Line STOP CONT The STOP command halts the RUNNING of a program at that line This is helpful for debugging To CONTINUE at the next line after the STOP command type CONT direc...

Page 70: ...rs 90 INPUT To play again press Y AGAIN 100 IF AGAIN Y OR AGAIN y THEN 20 110 END RUN CANDY KISSES 10 PRINT How many candy kisses 20 PRINT would equal your 30 PRINT weight if each kiss 40 PRINT weighe...

Page 71: ...in 2000 years 60 INPUT Enter a guess GUESS 70 AMOUNT INT 2000 70 80 DIFF ABS AMOUNT GUESS 90 PRINT The answer was AMOUNT 100 PRINT You were DIFF 110 PRINT generations off 120 END RUN THE COOLEST PERSO...

Page 72: ...INPUT Pick a number between 2 5 NUMBER 50 FOR COUNT 1 TO NUMBER 60 IF S boy OR S BOY THEN 70 ELSE 90 70 INPUT Enter a girl s name N COUNT 80 NEXT 85 GOTO 110 90 INPUT Enter a boy s name N COUNT 100 N...

Page 73: ...NDAY LEARN ECOLOGY 50 DATA TUESDAY LEARN ENGLISH 60 DATA WEDNESDAY LEARN MUSIC 70 DATA THURSDAY LEARN HISTORY 80 DATA FRIDAY LEARN GEOGRAPHY 90 DATA SATURDAY PLAY FOOTBALL 100 REM LIST 110 FOR W 0 TO...

Page 74: ...0 PRINT dog that decided to 90 PRINT V A2 down the 100 PRINT hill to fetch its 110 PRINT bone 120 END SECRET NUMBER 0 REM Secret Number 10 NO RND 100 20 PRINT Hi I ve got a secret number 30 PRINT betw...

Page 75: ...10 CLS 20 REM DRAW A PICTURE 30 FOR Y 0 TO 7 40 X 50 Y 50 PSET X Y X X 1 60 IF X 70 Y THEN GOTO 50 70 NEXT 80 FOR Y 8 TO 15 90 X 50 15 Y 100 PSET X Y X X 1 110 IF X 55 Y THEN GOTO 100 120 NEXT 130 REM...

Page 76: ...6 36 50 40 DATA 19 19 30 30 36 36 50 62 62 19 19 50 DATA 10 10 19 30 30 36 36 50 50 62 60 FOR I 1 TO 42 70 READ F 80 SOUND F 20 90 NEXT I 100 END RUN THE MUSIC NOTE VALUE TABLE Do Re Mi Fa So La Te Do...

Page 77: ...E 101 e 38 70 F 102 f 39 Apostrophe 71 G 103 g 40 72 H 104 h 41 73 I 105 i 42 74 J 106 j 43 75 K 107 k 44 76 L 108 l 45 77 M 109 m 46 78 N 110 n 47 79 O 111 o 48 0 80 P 112 p 49 1 81 Q 113 q 50 2 82 R...

Page 78: ...of range is passed to a math or string function This error may also occur as the result of 1 A negative or unreasonably large subscript 2 A negative or zero argument with LOG 3 A negative argument to...

Page 79: ...encountered for which there is no previous unmatched GOSUB statement STRING FORMULA TOO COMPLEX A string expression is too long or too complex The expression should be broken into smaller expressions...

Page 80: ...d in the Calculator activity To clear the screen use the key at the top right of the keyboard BASIC CALCULATOR OPERATIONS The basic calculator symbols are Addition or Subtraction or Multiplication Div...

Page 81: ...econd and third rows of the keyboard Always press the function key first when using it in a problem and then enter the numbers it is to operate on Aim Operation Display Square root of a number 9 sqrt...

Page 82: ...n degrees press the degree sign after inputting the number Function Operation Display SINE 60 sin 60 0 30481 SINE 60 sin 60 0 866025 COSINE 60 cos 60 0 952413 COSINE 60 cos 60 0 5 TANGENT 60 tan 60 0...

Page 83: ...to press their player button to answer first When it is your turn you have only 30 seconds to answer 2 After you have viewed the hint for a missing word you have 1 minute to answer 3 Level Time limit...

Page 84: ...t answer 10 Wrong answer 10 2 Missing words per puzzle 10 Correct answer on 1st try 20 Correct answer on 2nd try 15 Correct answer on 3rd try 10 3 A spy is caught 1 Every four spies caught 4 Every spy...

Page 85: ...Trivia activities on a personal computer using the monitor as a viewing device when the Trivia PC option is turned ON Select POWER LINK and choose the option Trivia PC To enter a trivia activity the...

Page 86: ...the Print Screen key on the PRECOMPUTER POWER PAD PLUS membrane activity selector you will be able to capture any screen and view it on the PC monitor using the VIEW function Please refer to your VTEC...

Page 87: ...546810 in the U K or 1 800 267 7377 in Canada A service representative will be happy to help you Item No 80 1410 SUPER SCIENCE Item No 80 1533 FAMOUS THINGS PLACES Item No 80 0989 BIBLE KNOWLEDGE Ite...

Page 88: ...2010 in the U S or 1 800 267 7377 in Canada with any problems and or suggestions that you might have A service representative will be happy to help you Note This equipment generates and uses radio fr...

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