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R

SR

Adapter

4.5-24V

HOST

bq24725A

Hybrid Power
Boost Charge

Controller

SYS

Battery
Pack

N-FET Driver

N-FET Driver

1S-4S

SMBus

SMBus Controls V & I

with high accuracy

Adapter Detection

Enhanced Safety:
OCP, OVP, FET Short

Integration:
Loop Compensation; Soft-Start

Comparator

R

AC

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bq24725A

SLUSAL0A – SEPTEMBER 2011 – REVISED AUGUST 2014

bq24725A 1-4 Cell Li+ Battery SMBus Charge Controller with N-Channel Power MOSFET

Selector and Advanced Circuit Protection

1 Features

3 Description

The bq24725A is a high-efficiency, synchronous

1

SMBus Host-Controlled NMOS-NMOS

battery charger, offering low component count for

Synchronous Buck Converter with Programmable

space-constraint, multi-chemistry battery charging

615kHz, 750kHz, and 885kHz Switching

applications.

Frequencies

The

bq24725A

utilizes

two

charge

pumps

to

Automatic N-channel MOSFET Selection of

separately

drive

n-channel

MOSFETs

(ACFET,

System Power Source from Adapter or Battery

RBFET and BATFET) for automatic system power

Driven by Internal Charge Pumps

source selection.

Enhanced Safety Features for Over Voltage

SMBus controlled input current, charge current, and

Protection, Over Current Protection, Battery,

charge voltage DACs allow for very high regulation

Inductor and MOSFET Short Circuit Protection

accuracies that can be easily programmed by the

Programmable Input Current, Charge Voltage,

system power management micro-controller.

Charge Current Limits

The bq24725A uses internal input current register or

±0.5% Charge Voltage Accuracy up to 19.2V

external ILIM pin to throttle down PWM modulation to

±3% Charge Current Accuracy up to 8.128A

reduce the charge current.

±3% Input Current Accuracy up to 8.064A

The bq24725A charges one, two, three or four series

±2% 20x Adapter Current or Charge Current

Li+ cells.

Amplifier Output Accuracy

Device Information

(1)

Programmable Battery Depletion Threshold, and

PART NUMBER

PACKAGE

BODY SIZE (NOM)

Battery LEARN Function

bq24725A

VQFN (20)

3.50mm x 3.50mm

Programmable Adapter Detection and Indicator

(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at

Integrated Soft Start

the end of the datasheet.

Integrated Loop Compensation

Real Time System Control on ILIM pin to Limit
Charge Current

AC Adapter Operating Range 4.5V-24V

5µA Off-State Battery Discharge Current

0.65mA (0.8mA max) Adapter Standby Quiescent
Current

20-pin 3.5 x 3.5 mm

2

VQFN Package

2 Applications

Portable Notebook Computers, UMPC, Ultra-Thin
Notebook, and Netbook

Handheld Terminal

Industrial and Medical Equipment

Portable Equipment

1

An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.

Summary of Contents for bq24725A

Page 1: ...nductor and MOSFET Short Circuit Protection accuracies that can be easily programmed by the Programmable Input Current Charge Voltage system power management micro controller Charge Current Limits The bq24725A uses internal input current register or 0 5 Charge Voltage Accuracy up to 19 2V external ILIM pin to throttle down PWM modulation to 3 Charge Current Accuracy up to 8 128A reduce the charge ...

Page 2: ... 38 6 5 Electrical Characteristics 6 12 Device and Documentation Support 39 6 6 Timing Characteristics 10 12 1 Third Party Products Disclaimer 39 6 7 Typical Characteristics 10 12 2 Trademarks 39 7 Parameter Measurement Information 12 12 3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution 39 8 Detailed Description 13 12 4 Glossary 39 8 1 Overview 13 13 Mechanical Packaging and Orderable 8 2 Functional Block Diagram...

Page 3: ...dapter is present to start charge If any one of the above conditions can not meet it is pulled LOW to GND by internal MOSFET Connect a 10kΩ pull up resistor from ACOK to the pull up supply rail 6 ACDET Adapter detection input Program adapter valid input threshold by connecting a resistor divider from adapter input to ACDET pin to GND pin When ACDET pin is above 0 6V and VCC is above UVLO REGN LDO ...

Page 4: ...m BTST to PHASE and a bootstrap Schottky diode from REGN to BTST 18 HIDRV High side power MOSFET driver output Connect to the high side n channel MOSFET gate 19 PHASE High side power MOSFET driver source Connect to the source of the high side n channel MOSFET 20 VCC Input supply diode OR from adapter or battery voltage Use 10Ω resistor and 1µF capacitor to ground as low pass filter to limit inrush...

Page 5: ...X UNIT SRN SRP ACN ACP CMSRC VCC 0 24 PHASE 2 24 Voltage range V ACDET SDA SCL LODRV REGN IOUT ILIM ACOK 0 6 5 BTST HIDRV ACDRV BATDRV 0 30 Maximum difference voltage SRP SRN ACP ACN 0 2 0 2 V Junction temperature range TJ 0 125 C 6 4 Thermal Information bq24725A THERMAL METRIC 1 UNIT RGR 20 PIN RθJA Junction to ambient thermal resistance 46 8 RθJCtop Junction to case top thermal resistance 56 9 R...

Page 6: ...080H 50 50 INPUT CURRENT REGULATION Input current regulation differential voltage VIREG_DPM_RNG VIREG_DPM VACP VACN 0 80 64 mV range 3973 4096 4219 mA InputCurrent 0x1000H 3 3 1946 2048 2150 mA InputCurrent 0x0800H 5 5 Input current regulation accuracy 10mΩ IDPM_REG_ACC current sensing resistor 870 1024 1178 mA InputCurrent 0x0400H 15 15 384 512 640 mA InputCurrent 0x0200H 25 25 INPUT CURRENT OR C...

Page 7: ...CC UVLO VACDET rising 2 376 2 4 2 424 V VACOK_FALL_HYS ACOK falling hysteresis VVCC UVLO VACDET falling 35 55 75 mV VVCC UVLO VACDET rising above 2 4V 100 150 200 ms First time OR ChargeOption bit 15 0 VACOK_RISE_DEG ACOK rising deglitch Specified by design VVCC UVLO VACDET rising above 2 4V NOT First time AND ChargeOption bit 15 1 0 9 1 3 1 7 s Default VWAKEUP_RISE WAKEUP detect rising threshold ...

Page 8: ...ing threshold ChargeOption bit 12 11 01 58 68 62 65 67 5 VBATDEPL_FALL percentage of voltage regulation limit VSRN ChargeOption bit 12 11 10 62 17 66 55 71 5 falling ChargeOption bit 12 11 11 Default 66 06 70 97 77 ChargeOption bit 12 11 00 225 305 400 mV ChargeOption bit 12 11 01 240 325 430 mV Battery depletion rising hysteresis VSRN VBATDEPL_RHYST rising ChargeOption bit 12 11 10 255 345 450 mV...

Page 9: ...e VREGN 6 V I 10 mA 0 9 1 4 Ω PWM DRIVER TIMING tLOW_HIGH Driver dead time from low side to high side 20 ns tHIGH_LOW Driver dead time from high side to low side 20 ns INTERNAL SOFT START ISTEP Soft start current step 64 mA In CCM mode 10mΩ current sensing resistor tSTEP Soft start current step time 240 μs SMBus TIMING CHARACTERISTICS tR SCLK SDATA rise time 1 μs tF SCLK SDATA fall time 300 ns tW ...

Page 10: ...og reset signal 10 ms Watchdog timeout period ChargeOption bit 14 13 01 2 35 44 53 s tWDI Watchdog timeout period ChargeOption bit 14 13 10 2 70 88 105 s Watchdog timeout period ChargeOption bit 14 13 11 2 Default 140 175 210 s 1 Devices participating in a transfer will timeout when any clock low exceeds the 25ms minimum timeout period Devices that have detected a timeout condition must reset the ...

Page 11: ...IDRV 10V div CH3 HIDRV 10V div CH4 inductor current 2A div 400ns div CH4 inductor current 1A div 400ns div Figure 5 Continuous Conduction Mode Switching Figure 6 Cycle by Cycle Synchronous to Non synchronous Waveforms CH1 PHASE 10V div CH2 LODRV 5V div CH2 battery current 2A div CH3 adapter current 2A div CH4 inductor current 2A div 4us div CH4 system load current 2A div 100us div Figure 7 100 Dut...

Page 12: ...011 REVISED AUGUST 2014 www ti com 7 Parameter Measurement Information Figure 9 SMBus Communication Timing Waveforms 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright 2011 2014 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links bq24725A ...

Page 13: ...omatic system power source selection with separate drivers for n channel MOSFETS on the adapter side and battery side The bq24725A features Dynamic Power Management DPM to limit the input power and avoid AC adapter over loading During battery charging as the system power increases the charging current will reduce to maintain total input current below adapter rating The SMBus controls input current...

Page 14: ...A SEPTEMBER 2011 REVISED AUGUST 2014 www ti com 8 2 Functional Block Diagram Figure 10 Functional Block Diagram for bq24725A 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright 2011 2014 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links bq24725A ...

Page 15: ... only as a SMBus slave device with address 0b00010010 0x12H and does not initiate communication on the bus In addition the bq24725A has two identification registers a 16 bit device ID register 0xFFH and a 16 bit manufacturer ID register 0xFEH SMBus communication is enabled with the following conditions VVCC is above UVLO VACDET is above 0 6V The data SDA and clock SCL pins have Schmitt trigger inp...

Page 16: ... resistor to system digital rail for a high level It can be pulled to external rail under the following conditions VVCC UVLO 2 4V VACDET 3 15V not in ACOVP condition nor in low input voltage condition VVCC VSRN 275mV not in sleep mode The first time after IC POR always gives 150ms ACOK rising edge delay no matter what the ChargeOption register value is Only after the ACDET pin voltage is pulled be...

Page 17: ...g adapter from system BATDRV stays at VSRN 6V to connect battery to system if all the following conditions are valid VVCC UVLO VSRN UVLO VACN 200mV above VSRN ACN_SRN comparator Approximately 150ms first time the next time default is 1 3s and can be changed to 150ms after the adapter is detected ACDET pin voltage between 2 4V and 3 15V the system power source begins to switch from battery to adapt...

Page 18: ...ulled low See the Adapter Detect and ACOK Output section for details ACFET turns off VSRN exceeds BATOVP threshold TSHUT IC temperature threshold is reached ACOC is detected See the Input Over Current Protection ACOC section for details Short circuit is detected See the Inductor Short MOSFET Short Protection section for details Watchdog timer expires if watchdog timer is enabled See the Charger Ti...

Page 19: ...ggest Component Value as Charge Current of Default 750kHz Switching Frequency Charge Current 2A 3A 4A 6A 8A Output Inductor Lo µH 6 8 or 8 2 5 6 or 6 8 3 3 or 4 7 3 3 2 2 Output Capacitor Co µF 20 20 20 30 40 Sense Resistor mΩ 10 10 10 10 10 The bq24725A has three loops of regulation input current charge current and charge voltage The three loops are brought together internally at the error amplif...

Page 20: ...f the cycle when the over current is detected and resumes when the next cycle starts The charge OCP threshold is automatically set to 6A 9A and 12A on a 10mΩ current sensing resistor based on charge current register value This prevents the threshold to be too high which is not safe or too low which can be triggered in normal operation Proper inductance should be selected to prevent OCP triggered i...

Page 21: ...ger from latch off status the IC VCC pin must be pulled below UVLO or the ACDET pin must be pulled below 0 6V This can be achieved by removing the adapter and shut down the operation system The low side MOSFET short circuit voltage drop threshold can be adjusted via SMBus command ChargeOption bit 7 0 1 set the low side threshold 135mV and 230mV respectively The high side MOSFET short circuit volta...

Page 22: ...hold Adjust R W R W R W R W R W R W R W 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 IFAULT_LOW LEARN Enable IOUT Selection AC Adapter Not in use Not in use ACOC Charge Inhibit Comparator Indication Threshold Threshold Read Only Adjust Adjust R W R W R W R W R W R W R W R W LEGEND R W Read Write R Read only n value after reset Table 3 Charge Options Register 0x12H Bit Field Type Reset Description 15 ACOK Deglitch Time Adjust ...

Page 23: ...hen battery voltage reaches threshold defined in bit 12 11 the BATFET is turned off and ACFET is turned on to finish battery learn cycle After finished learn cycle this bit is automatically reset to 0 Set this bit 0 will stop battery learn cycle IC turns off BATFET and turns on ACFET 0 Disable LEARN Cycle default at POR 1 Enable LEARN Cycle 5 IOUT Selection R W 0 IOUT is the 20x adapter current am...

Page 24: ...Not in use Charge Charge Charge Charge Charge Current Current Current Current Current DACICHG 6 DACICHG 5 DACICHG 4 DACICHG 3 DACICHG 2 R W R W R W R W R W R W R W 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Charge Charge Not in use Not in use Not in use Not in use Not in use Not in use Current Current DACICHG 1 DACICHG 0 R W R W R W R W R W R W R W R W LEGEND R W Read Write R Read only n value after reset Table 4 Charge Cur...

Page 25: ...ead Write R Read only n value after reset Table 5 Charge Voltage Register 0x15H Bit Field Type Reset Description 15 Not in use R W Not used 14 Charge Voltage DACV 10 R W 0 Adds 0mV of charger voltage 1 Adds 16384mV of charger voltage 13 Charge Voltage DACV 9 R W 0 Adds 0mV of charger voltage 1 Adds 8192mV of charger voltage 12 Charge Voltage DACV 8 R W 0 Adds 0mV of charger voltage 1 Adds 4096mV o...

Page 26: ...ommand 0x3FH or 0b00111111 using the data format listed in Table 6 When using a 10mΩ sense resistor the bq24725A provides an input current limit range of 128mA to 8 064A with 128mA resolution The suggested input current limit is set to no less than 512mA Sending InputCurrent below 128mA or above 8 064A clears the register and terminates charging Upon POR the default input current limit is 4096mA T...

Page 27: ...e R W Not used 13 Not in use R W Not used 12 Input Current DACIIN 5 R W 0 Adds 0mA of input current 1 Adds 4096mA of input current 11 Input Current DACIIN 4 R W 0 Adds 0mA of input current 1 Adds 2048mA of input current 10 Input Current DACIIN 3 R W 0 Adds 0mA of input current 1 Adds 1024mA of input current 9 Input Current DACIIN 2 R W 0 Adds 0mA of input current 1 Adds 512mA of input current 8 In...

Page 28: ...tion 9 1 Application Information The bq24725AEVM 710 evaluation module EVM is a complete charger module for evaluating the bq24725A The application curves were taken using the bq24725AEVM 710 Refer to the EVM user s guide SLUU507 for EVM information 9 2 Typical Application Fs 750kHz IADPT 4 096A ICHRG 2 944A ILIM 4A VCHRG 12 592V 90W adapter and 3S2P battery pack Use 0Ω for better current sensing ...

Page 29: ... IHLP2525CZER4R7M01 R1 1 Resistor Chip 430kΩ 1 10W 1 0603 R2 1 Resistor Chip 66 5kΩ 1 10W 1 0603 R3 R4 R5 3 Resistor Chip 10kΩ 1 10W 1 0603 R6 R10 R11 3 Resistor Chip 4 02kΩ 1 10W 1 0603 R7 1 Resistor Chip 316kΩ 1 10W 1 0603 R8 1 Resistor Chip 100kΩ 1 10W 1 0603 R9 1 Resistor Chip 10Ω 1 4W 1 1206 R12 1 Resistor Chip 1 00MΩ 1 10W 1 0603 R13 1 Resistor Chip 3 01MΩ 1 10W 1 0603 R14 1 Resistor Chip 10...

Page 30: ...Figure 26 the Schottky diode Din is used for the reverse adapter voltage protection 9 2 2 3 Reduce Battery Quiescent Current When the adapter is not present if VCC is powered with voltage higher than UVLO directly or indirectly such as through a LDO or switching converter from battery the internal BATFET charge pump gives the BATFET pin 6V higher voltage than the SRN pin to drive the n channel BAT...

Page 31: ...ough ripple current rating to absorb output switching ripple current The output capacitor RMS current is given 7 The bq24725A has internal loop compensator To get good loop stability the resonant frequency of the output inductor and output capacitor should be designed between 10 kHz and 20 kHz The preferred ceramic capacitor is 25V X7R or X5R for output capacitor 10 20μF capacitance is suggested f...

Page 32: ... of carrying the maximum non synchronous mode charging current 9 2 2 8 Input Filter Design During adapter hot plug in the parasitic inductance and input capacitor from the adapter cable form a second order system The voltage spike at VCC pin maybe beyond IC maximum voltage rating and damage IC The input filter must be carefully designed and tested to prevent over voltage event on VCC pin There are...

Page 33: ...rcuit protection block diagram Figure 20 Block Diagram of bq24725A Short Circuit Protection In normal operation the low side MOSFET current is from source to drain which generates a negative voltage drop when it turns on as a result the over current comparator can not be triggered When the high side switch short circuit or inductor short circuit happens the large current of low side MOSFET is from...

Page 34: ...input current caused PCB voltage drop and minimized the possibility of unintentional charger shut down in normal operation This also makes PCB layout easier for high system current application Figure 22 Optimized PCB layout example The total voltage drop sensed by IC can be express as the following equation Vtop RAC x IDPM RPCB x ICHRGIN IDPM ICHRGIN x k RDS on x IPEAK 15 where the RAC is the AC a...

Page 35: ...SAL0A SEPTEMBER 2011 REVISED AUGUST 2014 9 3 Application Curves CH1 PHASE 20V div CH2 battery voltage 5V div CH3 LODRV 10V div CH4 inductor current 2A div 400us div Figure 24 Efficiency vs Output Current Figure 23 Battery Insertion 9 4 System Examples Fs 750kHz IADPT 2 816A ICHRG 1 984A ILIM 2 54A VCHRG 12 592V 65W adapter and 3S2P battery pack Use 0Ω for better current sensing accuracy use 10Ω 7 ...

Page 36: ... negative output voltage protection for hard shorts on battery to ground or battery reversely connection The total Csys is the total lump sum of system capacitance It is not required by charger IC Use Din for reverse input voltage protection See application information about reverse input voltage protection Figure 26 Typical System Schematic for 5V Input 1S Battery 10 Power Supply Recommendations ...

Page 37: ... resistor back to the IC in same layer close to each other minimize loop area and do not route the sense leads through a high current path see Figure 28 for Kelvin connection for best current accuracy Place decoupling capacitor on these traces next to the IC 5 Place output capacitor next to the sensing resistor output and ground 6 Output capacitor ground connections need to be tied to the same cop...

Page 38: ...ncy Current Path L1 R1 C2 C1 GND PHASE VBAT BAT VIN bq24725A SLUSAL0A SEPTEMBER 2011 REVISED AUGUST 2014 www ti com 11 2 Layout Example Figure 27 High Frequency Current Path Figure 28 Sensing Resistor PCB Layout 38 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright 2011 2014 Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links bq24725A ...

Page 39: ...limited built in ESD protection The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates 12 4 Glossary SLYZ022 TI Glossary This glossary lists and explains terms acronyms and definitions 13 Mechanical Packaging and Orderable Information The following pages include mechanical packaging and orderable info...

Page 40: ...umps used between the die and package or 2 lead based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe The component is otherwise considered Pb Free RoHS compatible as defined above Green RoHS no Sb Br TI defines Green to mean Pb Free RoHS compatible and free of Bromine Br and Antimony Sb based flame retardants Br or Sb do not exceed 0 1 by weight in homogeneous material 3 MSL Peak Temp The Moistur...

Page 41: ...UM www ti com 9 Sep 2014 Addendum Page 2 In no event shall TI s liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part s at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis ...

Page 42: ...W mm Pin1 Quadrant BQ24725ARGRR VQFN RGR 20 3000 330 0 12 4 3 8 3 8 1 1 8 0 12 0 Q1 BQ24725ARGRR VQFN RGR 20 3000 330 0 12 4 3 75 3 75 1 15 8 0 12 0 Q1 BQ24725ARGRT VQFN RGR 20 250 180 0 12 4 3 75 3 75 1 15 8 0 12 0 Q1 BQ24725ARGRT VQFN RGR 20 250 180 0 12 5 3 8 3 8 1 1 8 0 12 0 Q1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www ti com 22 Sep 2016 Pack Materials Page 1 ...

Page 43: ...mm Width mm Height mm BQ24725ARGRR VQFN RGR 20 3000 338 0 355 0 50 0 BQ24725ARGRR VQFN RGR 20 3000 552 0 367 0 36 0 BQ24725ARGRT VQFN RGR 20 250 552 0 185 0 36 0 BQ24725ARGRT VQFN RGR 20 250 338 0 355 0 50 0 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www ti com 22 Sep 2016 Pack Materials Page 2 ...

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Page 47: ...esponsible for compliance with all legal regulatory and safety related requirements concerning its products and any use of TI components in its applications notwithstanding any applications related information or support that may be provided by TI Buyer represents and agrees that it has all the necessary expertise to create and implement safeguards which anticipate dangerous consequences of failur...

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