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3-1

Software Configurations

3

The SPARCstorage Volume Manager software can be configured for different
levels of RAID, which stands for Redundant Array of Independent Disks.
RAID is defined as a disk array in which part of the storage capacity is used to
hold redundant information about user data that is stored on the remainder of
the disk space capacity. The redundant information enables the user data to be
regenerated if one of the array’s member disks or the access path to it fails.

Following are the data layouts offered by the SPARCstorage Volume Manager
storage management software:

•

Independent disks

•

RAID Level 0 (also known as striping)

•

RAID Level 1 (also known as mirroring)

•

RAID Level 0 + 1 (also known as mirroring striped disks)

•

RAID Level 5

Note that the SPARCstorage Volume Manager storage management software
allows all these data layouts to be mixed at the same time within the same
array, with no restrictions on how the layouts are mixed and matched. These
data layouts may be spread across multiple SPARCstorage Arrays. This
flexibility allows you to configure your SPARCstorage Arrays to meet your
specific requirements.

These data layouts are explained in greater detail in the following sections.

Summary of Contents for SPARCstorage 200 Series

Page 1: ...SPARCstorageArrayConfigurationGuide Part No 802 2041 10 Revision A March 1995 A Sun Microsystems Inc Business 2550 Garcia Avenue Mountain View CA 94043 U S A 415 960 1300 FAX 415 969 9131 ...

Page 2: ...ll other product names mentioned herein are the trademarks of their respective owners All SPARC trademarks including the SCD Compliant Logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International Inc SPARCstation SPARCserver SPARCengine SPARCstorage SPARCware SPARCcenter SPARCclassic SPARCcluster SPARCdesign SPARC811 SPARCprinter UltraSPARC microSPARC SPARCworks and SPARCompiler are license...

Page 3: ...s 1 3 1 3 General Information for SPARCstorage Array Model 100 and 200 Systems 1 4 2 Hardware Configurations 2 1 2 1 Option 1 2 2 2 2 Option 2 2 3 2 3 Option 3 2 4 2 4 Option 4 2 5 3 Software Configurations 3 1 3 1 Independent Disks 3 2 3 2 Striping RAID 0 3 2 3 3 Mirroring RAID 1 3 3 3 4 Mirroring Striped Disks RAID 0 1 3 4 3 5 RAID 5 3 5 ...

Page 4: ...iv SPARCstorage Array Configuration Guide March 1995 3 6 Determining Which RAID Level to Use 3 6 3 7 Other Facts on RAID and the SPARCstorage Array 3 7 ...

Page 5: ...es Subsystem 1 3 Figure 2 1 Option 1 Connection 2 2 Figure 2 2 Option 2 Connection 2 3 Figure 2 3 Option 3 Connection 2 4 Figure 2 4 Option 4 Connection 2 5 Figure 3 1 Example of Striped Data 3 2 Figure 3 2 Example of Mirrored Data 3 3 Figure 3 3 Example of Mirroring Striped Data 3 4 Figure 3 4 Graphical Representation of RAID 5 Writes 3 6 ...

Page 6: ...vi SPARCstorage Array Configuration Guide March 1995 ...

Page 7: ...vii Tables Table 2 1 Option 1 2 2 Table 2 2 Option 2 2 3 Table 2 3 Option 3 2 4 Table 2 4 Option 4 2 5 Table 3 1 Comparisons of RAID Levels 3 7 ...

Page 8: ...viii SPARCstorage Array Configuration Guide March 1995 ...

Page 9: ... expansion for SPARCstation SPARCserver and SPARCcenter systems It features three drive trays each tray configured with up to ten half height single connector 3 5 inch disk drives The SPARCstorage Array Model 100 Series shown in Figure 1 1 features front and rear component accessibility Figure 1 1 SPARCstorage Array Model 100 Series ...

Page 10: ...1 Internal system components see Figure 1 2 are Power supply Backplane Array controller with Fibre Channel Optical Module FC OM Battery module Fan tray Drive trays 3 Figure 1 2 Internal Components Array controller Power supply Drive tray Fan tray Backplane ...

Page 11: ...ARCstorage Array Model 200 Series is a rackmount disk array controller Up to six Differential SCSI disk trays may be connected to it See Figure 1 3 Figure 1 3 SPARCstorage Array Model 200 Series Subsystem Fan tray Power supply Diagnostic module Controller Differential SCSI interface ...

Page 12: ... on a Fibre Channel SBus FC S card on the host system side and to an FC OM mounted on the array controller on the SPARCstorage Array side You can have a maximum of two FC OMs per FC S card on the host system side and two FC OMs on the array controller on the SPARCstorage Array side Because of the number of FC OMs available on both the host system and the SPARCstorage Array sides you have several h...

Page 13: ...t determine which options you should select are The number of SPARCstorage Arrays in the configuration The number of host systems in the configuration When reviewing the following options keep in mind that every SPARCstorage Array comes standard with one FC OM and one fibre optic cable and that every FC S card comes standard with one FC OM ...

Page 14: ...he SPARCstorage Array to a host system using this option Figure 2 1 Option 1 Connection Table 2 1 Option 1 Option Hardware Needed Notes One SPARCstorage Array on a single host SBus slot Order One SPARCstorage Array One FC S card Simplest most common configuration FC OM FC S FC OM SPARCstorage Array Host System ...

Page 15: ...Needed Notes Two SPARCstorage Arrays on a single host SBus slot Order Two SPARCstorage Arrays One FC S card One FC OM Highest capacity per SBus slot Connecting 2 arrays on one SBus slot could possibly cause the FC S to be a performance bottleneck on extremely demanding sequential I O applications Lower cost than using 2 FC S cards for two arrays SPARCstorage Arrays Host System FC OM FC OM FC S FC ...

Page 16: ...e same disk at the same time Table 2 3 Option 3 Option Hardware Needed Notes Dual host connection to a single SPARCstorage Array Order One SPARCstorage Array Two FC S cards One FC OM One fibre optic cable Two possible reasons for this configuration Static dual porting Two systems connect to an array but each disk in the array is owned by only one system at a time One host system functions as a bac...

Page 17: ... 4 Option 4 Option Hardware Needed Notes Fully redundant dual hosted SPARCstorage Array Order Two SPARCstorage Arrays Four FC S cards Two FC OMs Two fibre optic cables This configuration is for the highest levels of availability where all hardware components are redundant When each array is set up so that it holds a complete copy of the data for both host system A and host system B then any compon...

Page 18: ...2 6 SPARCstorage Array Configuration Guide March 1995 2 ...

Page 19: ...he data layouts offered by the SPARCstorage Volume Manager storage management software Independent disks RAID Level 0 also known as striping RAID Level 1 also known as mirroring RAID Level 0 1 also known as mirroring striped disks RAID Level 5 Note that the SPARCstorage Volume Manager storage management software allows all these data layouts to be mixed at the same time within the same array with ...

Page 20: ...ut evenly across the disks If you were striping data over three physical disks the first block of data would go on the first disk the second block would go on the second disk and the third block would go on the third disk The fourth block of data would then go back on the first disk the fifth block would go on the second disk and so on Figure 3 1 shows how data is spread out over three disks by st...

Page 21: ...le even if one physical disk fails the data can be retrieved from the other physical disk that has the copy of the original data In addition it can sometimes improve read performance on busy data sets If you were mirroring data to two physical disks you would send the same data to both disks Figure 3 2 shows how data would be mirrored to two physical disks Figure 3 2 Example of Mirrored Data A dat...

Page 22: ...ed on separate physical disks This is useful if you want to get data written to or read from physical disks quickly and also want to make sure that data is available even if a disk fails Figure 3 3 shows how you would stripe and mirror data over four physical disks Figure 3 3 Example of Mirroring Striped Data c2t0d0s1 c2t0d0 c1t0d0s1 c1t0d0 Physical disks B1 B2 B3 B4 B Blocks of data B1 B3 B2 B4 c...

Page 23: ... disk then gets the parity information written to it The next write performed on the disks in a RAID 5 configuration would work the same way except that the parity information would be written to a different disk than that used in the first write That way the parity information gets spread across all the disks in the configuration so that if one disk fails the data from that disks can be restored ...

Page 24: ...cost per usable Mbyte as independent disks or striping 3 6 Determining Which RAID Level to Use The different RAID levels have varying degrees of benefits and liabilities in each of the following areas Cost number of disks required Data reliability ability to get data even if disk fails Data transfer capacity ability to move large amounts of sequential access data rapidly I O rate ability to satisf...

Page 25: ... A hot spare drive can be tied to one or more particular drives one or more particular RAID groups or may be designated as a spare for any drive in any RAID group The combination of hot spares with warm pluggability provides new levels of high availability and administrative flexibility Hot spares allow maintenance to be deferred for long periods of time and warm pluggability means that the array ...

Page 26: ...l application I O request For example if the typical I O request is 8 Kbytes setting the stripe width to 64 Kbytes might be appropriate This tends to evenly distribute I O request across all the disk drives in the RAID and each I O request is serviced by a single disk drive Sequential performance is optimized when data is spread out so that each application I O request spans all the drives in the ...

Page 27: ...1 4 Fibre Channel SBus card standard package 2 1 H hardware configurations considerations 2 1 for single host SBus slot 2 2 2 3 for single host system 2 2 2 3 for single SPARCstorage Array 2 2 2 4 for two host systems 2 4 2 5 for two SPARCstorage Arrays 2 3 2 5 full redundancy 2 5 highest capacity per SBus slot 2 3 sharing one array between two hosts 2 4 simplest most common 2 2 static dual portin...

Page 28: ...3 6 definition 3 1 determining which level to use 3 6 level 0 1 description 3 4 level 0 description 3 2 level 1 description 3 3 level 5 description 3 5 Redundant Array of Independent Disks see RAID S SPARCstorage Array internal components 1 2 product description 1 1 standard package 2 1 striping see RAID level 0 W warm pluggability 3 7 X XOR 3 5 ...

Page 29: ...gree Applicable Comments The tasks were easy to follow Strongly Strongly Not Agree Agree Disagree Disagree Applicable Comments The illustrations were clear Strongly Strongly Not Agree Agree Disagree Disagree Applicable Comments The information was complete and easy to find Strongly Strongly Not Agree Agree Disagree Disagree Applicable Comments Do you have additional comments about the SPARCstorage...

Page 30: ... IN THE UNITED STATES BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS MAIL PERMIT NO 1 MOUNTAIN VIEW CA POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE SUN MICROSYSTEMS INC Attn Manager Hardware Publications MS MPK 14 101 2550 Garcia Avenue Mt View CA 94043 9850 ...

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