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Star Micronics 10X, User Manual

The Honeywell 10X is a versatile and cutting-edge device, designed to simplify your lifestyle. To help you maximize its potential, we offer a comprehensive User Manual. Download it for free from manualshive.com to unlock the full potential of your Honeywell 10X and make the most out of its exciting features.

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Summary of Contents for 10X

Page 1: ...GEMI 10X 5X USE MANUAL ...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...I I I I I i l I I Your Gemini User s Manual Not Intended for Sale ...

Page 4: ...esoft Apple Computer Inc Atari 400 Atari 800 Atari 850 Atari Inc a Warner Communications Company Commodore VIC 20 C 64 Commodore Business Machines Inc CP M Digital Research IBM Personal Computer IBM PC International Business Machines Corporation Microsoft BASIC Microsoft Corporation Osborne 1 Osborne Computer Corporation TRS 80 Radio Shack a division of Tandy Corporation 1983 Star Micronics Inc ii...

Page 5: ...inter to work in most home and office applications Chapters 6 through 10 deliver information for intermediate and advanced users supported by technically rich appendices If you are a beginner you might want to look at Chapters 6 10 sometime in the future when your curiosity about how the printer does what it does has replaced your initial interest in what it can do Take a moment to examine the Tab...

Page 6: ...s M of the Gemini_1 U ln e t e operators 1n1 15X printers The Gemini 10X accommodate Inches wide s paper up to 10 The Gemini 1 print mor 5X can handl e characters per I paper up to 155 iv m e Inches wid e and can ...

Page 7: ... Plus 151 Appendix B Atari 800 400 165 Appendix C Commodore VIC 20 C 64 179 Appendix D IBM Personal Computer 192 I Appendix E Osborne 194 Appendix F TRS 80 206 Appendix G When You First Get Your Gemini 217 Appendix H ASCII Code Charts 226 I Appendix I ASCII Code Tables 230 Appendix J International Character Sets 231 Appendix K Character Style Tables 232 I Appendix L Control Circuit Block Diagram 2...

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Page 9: ...cause this is an express tour On the right side of your printer is a large knob and toward the back you ll find the on off power switch The knob is attached to the platen pronounced plat en which is the padded roller around which the paper is fed to the printing mechanism Hence the handle is called the platen knob and allows you to manually turn the platen with the power off just like on a typewri...

Page 10: ...ith six widely used types of microcomputers This connector is for a parallel interface a type of interfacing that is accomplished by having the printer parallel wired like a string of double wired Christmas lights where each lightbulb burns independently Data from your computer is sent down the cable wires to your Gemini side by side or parallel Between the parallel interface and the power cord is...

Page 11: ... this is what your printer will look like Inside the front of the machine are two ribbon spools Gemini uses standard typewriter ribbons saving you money you might have had to spend for special purpose ribbon cartridges When the ribbon has run completely from one spool onto the other the Gemini automatically reverses the ribbon direction When the ribbon starts wearing and the print copy lightens si...

Page 12: ...lace the print head you can detach it yourself for replacement The Gemini prints by means of pins that are thrust from the working side of the print head These pins impact against the paper which is backed by the platen As already mentioned the platen is like the roller on a typewriter The individual characters letters numerals and symbols that are printed result from the action of the dot produci...

Page 13: ...pped printing The On Line button lets you alter the printer status between be ing local which means independent and on its own and being on line which means able to receive data transmitted from a computer When you turn the printer s power on you re automatically on line F F stands for Form Feed When you re in the local mode you can tap this button and advance the paper that is being fed in to the...

Page 14: ...nts and Figure 1 6 is an elementary logic block diagram for both models But because the Gemini printers are so well designed it isn t necessary to know detailed information about how it works just that it does Expressed simply when you turn the power switch on the alternating current is converted into direct current for the power unit The direct current powers the motors and the print head as well...

Page 15: ... switch Figure 1 5 The main components of the Gemini printer are the power unit the control board unit and the printer mechanism which features a detachable tractor The control board also contains the buffer that allows your computer to send a batch of information to be printed which Gemini then stores until it can get to it Although Gemini is a fast 7 ...

Page 16: ...roduce a variety of typographical styles and sizes including superscripts and b t variable line spacing su SCriP s adjustable tabs and block graphics Plus the Gemini is outstanding for the full range of papers upon which it can print Ir i I I CONTROL LOGIC I I BOARD UNIT I Control Drive K I I C i rc u it B IO C k Printer Mechanism Parallel Interface I Block r Serlailntertac I Block optional I L __...

Page 17: ...s dusty atmosphere oil present metal particles nearby Avoid placing Gemini where it will be exposed to direct sunlight or close to a heater or heat generating applicances Provide a separate power supply away from noise generating motors The power supply must not be more than 10 more or less than 120 volts A C as specified on the product identification plate Note Extremely high or low voltage will ...

Page 18: ...eeking Graphics mode unidirectional 816 bytes expandable up to 4K or 8K 9 x 9 standard with true descenders 18 x 9 emphasized 18 x 18 double strike 6 x 6 block graphics 60 x 72 low resolution bit image graphics 120 x 144 high resolution bit image graphics 240 x 144 ultra high resolution bit image graphics 96 standard ASCII characters 96 italic characters 64 special characters 32 block graphic char...

Page 19: ...ches width 8 5 inches thick 0 07 0 1 mm thick 0 07 0 1 mm I diameter of roll diameter of roll 5 inches maximum 5 inches maximum Single width 8 10 inches width 8 15 inches I thick 0 07 0 1 mm thick 0 07 0 1 mm Note fanfold 1 original 2 carbonless copies Interface Standard parallel Centronics compatible Serial RS 232C optional I F protocol Parallel by BUSY ACK Serial by BUSY XON XOFF ACK When used i...

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Page 21: ...various paper feed accessories Appendix Gtells you what the new owner gets when first opening the box and how all the pieces fit together This chapter assumes you know how the pieces fit together and you only need to learn why LOADING THE PAPER INDIVIDUAL SHEETS The Gemini printers are designed to accommodate individual sheets whether it s standard size stationery an off size memorandum multilayer...

Page 22: ...with the Gemini 10X shown in Figure 2 1 Pull both snap levers forward one on the right and one on the left of the tractor unit and at the same time Rock the tractor unit up and back about a half inch The tractor unit rests on two stoppers just above the right and left ends of the platen This step in removing the tractor is done by simply rocking the unit backward after you ve released the snap lev...

Page 23: ...i tractor unit is easy to remove for using single sheets or roll paper Tractor unit Tractor frame Figure 2 2 Tractor frames support the unit on the left and the right Be sure to adjust the release lever when removing or mounting the tractor unit 15 ...

Page 24: ...ng for single sheet and roll fed paper Inserting Single Sheet Paper 16 1 Turn the power off 2 Make sure the release lever on the left side of the pri nter is set in the T position which is the open mode for inserting the paper you ll close it to the F mode in a moment 3 Lift up the paper press as shown in Figure 2 3 This step is the same as if you were inserting a sheet of paper into a typewriter ...

Page 25: ...t the paper 10 Replace the cover and turn the power on Note Never touch the printing head during printing Aside from the mechanical injury threat associated with touching a fast moving device there is the danger of burning your fingers As the caution label on the print head states Caution Hot Surface Avoid Contact Release lever Paper press I Single sheet paper Paper chute off Figure 2 3 Inserting ...

Page 26: ...mini 15X Roll paper width 8 5 inches Roll paper thickness 0 07 0 10 mm Diameter of roll 5 inches maximum Roll paper like single sheets is fed into the printer by what is called friction feed Thus the use of roll paper requires removal of the tractor unit Paper separator Release lever Paper press Roll paper holder Figure 2 4 Both Gemini printers use similar paper guides and separators and identical...

Page 27: ...the procedures described in Appendix G attach the paper separator guide and holder Pull the release lever located on the left side of the top front part of the printer into the open position As with single sheet paper the open position is indicated by the letter T Lift the paper press Pull the paper separator upright as depicted in Figure 2 4 for the Gemini 10X The paper guide should remain horizo...

Page 28: ...aper into the paper chute then push the paper through so it goes around the platen 10 When the paper has been pushed through so it s above the paper press push the press back so it s in its operational position that is flush against the paper 11 Adjust the paper if necessary so it will feed through straight then push the release lever back to the locked or closed position marked with the letter F ...

Page 29: ... before clOSing the release lever 14 Set the print start position to where you want to begin printing on the roll 15 Turn the power switch to the on position I Figure 2 6 After the roll paper has been inserted and the various mechanisms set in their proper places steps 10 12 you can turn the platen knob to adjust the rol paper vertical y Note If you encounter any problem finding suitable roll pape...

Page 30: ...m Gemini can print 3 part carbonless forms which consist of one original sheet and two copies Mounting the Tractor Unit 22 Figures 2 1 and 2 2 showed you how to remove the tractor unit from your Gemini The tractor unit drives feeds the sprocket paper through the printer When you want to print onto this type of paper you must first attach the tractor unit Figure 2 7 shows you the correct alignment ...

Page 31: ...er complete with a fender skirt To the left of this part is the right sprocket On the other side of the spacer s is the left sprocket unit These mechanisms drive the paper through the printer Each has a hood secured with a spring Try lifting the hood if you want Toward the back of the top of each sprocket mechanism is a clamp lever If you snap the lever forward you can freely move the sprocket mec...

Page 32: ...open position marked T 5 Lift up the paper press 6 Pull the paper separator upright as shown in Figure 2 8 7 Place the stack of fanfolded computer paper behind the printer 8 Pick up the top sheet of paper and feed it between the paper chute and the platen cover from the back side of the platen 9 Push the paper down and forward so it wraps around the platen 10 Return the paper separator to its orig...

Page 33: ...isms adjust each mechanism right and left so that the sprockets the nubby little teeth protruding from the sprocket wheel align with the holes on the paper 14 Adjust the sprockets so they are lined up with the sprocket holes 15 Close the tractor covers and snap the clamp levers back into the locked position See Figure 2 10 16 Rotate the platen knob and roll the paper up or down until the correct p...

Page 34: ...of the sprockets and align the mechanisms so the paper feeds through them Figure 2 10 If the sprocket paperyou just loaded in your Gemini tOX is multilayer non carbon forms then refer to the end of this chapter to learn how to adjust the print gap 26 ...

Page 35: ... sprocket paper to and through the Gemini 15X Figure 2 11 illustrates steps 1through 6 1 Turn the power off 2 Install the tractor unit as illustrated in Figure 2 7 on page 23 3 Attach the paper separator and paper guide they are the two metal racks that are described in Appendix G 4 Pull the release lever located on the left side of the printer toward the open position marked T 5 Raise the paper p...

Page 36: ...per from behind the printer steps 98 through 128 instruct you on loading paper from beneath the Gemini 15X 9A Place the stack of fanfolded computer paper behind the printer 10A Insert the sprocket paper from the back of the printer as shown in Figure 2 12 11A Feed the top sheet between the paper chute and the platen cover and around the platen to the front 12A Push the paper up past the paper pres...

Page 37: ...ack of fanfolded pages and lift it up and through the slot in the undercarriage of the Gemini 15X 11 B Push the paper up toward the front of the platen 12B Feed the top sheet inside the paper press and past the platen far enough up so you can grip the paper from above the printer Paper separator I Figure 2 12 The Gemini 15X can be loaded with sprocket paper from the back as shown here or from a st...

Page 38: ... Adjust the paper so that it will feed through straight and push the paper press back to its operational position 14 Horizontally adjust the sprocket mechanisms right or left so they align with the sprocket holes on the paper 15 Vertically turn the sprocket teeth the little nubs on the sprocket wheels so they line up with the holes on the paper 16 Snap the clamp levers back into the closed positio...

Page 39: ... with dot matrix printers you might try to position your paper just above the in place paper press for your first attempts With practice you ll be able to place the paper right where you want to start printing Another note If you use multipart paper such as a three sheet carbonless form with your Gemini 15X you ll need to adjust the print gap as discussed later in this chapter Congratulations You ...

Page 40: ...t when your printed material starts getting too light you can invert the ribbon and start over Replacing the ribbon which you have to do eventually is easy and inexpensive Ink Ribbon Specifications Ribbon Color Material Dimensions width length Spool Standard Recommended Product black nylon 40 1 2 inch 13 mm 11 5 yards 10 5 m Underwood s plastic type 13 x 50 mm diameter Type SF 02B made by Fuji Kag...

Page 41: ...e Gemini 10X and Gemini 15X respectively But before you try it you would do well to review the hints provided here Hint 1 Turn the power off Hint 2 Slide the print head gently with your fingers to the approximate center of its pathway Figures 2 14 and 2 15 If Ribbon guide 0 ___0 Eye tmet Ribbon spool Figure 2 14 The ink ribbon pass for the Gemini 10X Figure 2 15 The ink ribbon pass for the Gemini ...

Page 42: ...ve pins engage the spool Figure 2 16 You might want to use a ball point pen to lightly press the ribbon guide toward the platen while inserting the ribbon 34 Hint 4 Then thread the ribbon taking care around the print head Figure 2 16 shows how to insert the ribbon in the slot between the print head and the ribbon guide Figure 2 17 shows you how to position the ribbon to avoid misprints or to preve...

Page 43: ... to be careful when setting the ribbon near the print head shown here Adjust lever Slit of the changeover lever Release lever Eyelet grommet Ribbon spool Figure 2 18 The eyelet grommet which signals Gemini to I automatically reverse the ribbon direction is shown correctly placed on the ribbon spool side of the changeover lever 35 ...

Page 44: ...he ribbon threading has been accomplished turn the ink ribbon spools by hand approximately four or five rotations of the spools This verifies that everything was done properly and that the ribbon is smoothly fed Hint 8 As shown in Figure 2 19 you can turn the ribbon over and use the other side when it starts wearing out A B t2 U UP CJ n _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ m B A _ _ Used up Figure 2 19...

Page 45: ...r There are five positions that can be attained by moving the lever to different adjustments These five positions can be changed by the control arm rest in different notches as shown in Figure 2 20 The second position is most commonly used for single sheets of paper Figure 2 20 The different positions of the print head gap adjustment lever allow you to print on paper ranging from 0 07 mm that s th...

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Page 47: ...nter s electrical plug into an electrical outlet Insert a sheet of paper While holding down the LF button on the control panel turn the power switch on The Self Test shown on the following two pages will print out automatically If you hold down the LF button the Self Test will continue printing out The Gemini 10X Self Test Figure 3 1 a b consists of four lines that show the standard character set ...

Page 48: ...yz V u Z 0123456789 7 RBCD F o pqrstuvwxvz Figure 3 1a actual size The left side of the Gemini 10X Self Test printout shown r i i k 012 45678 1 CgABCDEF pqrr t uvW Yz u Z 0123456789 RBCDEF p qr _ t u v W V Z Figure 3 2a actual size 40 The left side of the Gemini 15X Self Test printout shown I I ...

Page 49: ... Figure 3 1b The right side of the Gemini 10X Self Test which is a continuation of this two part figure GHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ JA_ abcdefghijklmno GHIJKLHNOPGRSTUVWXYZC JA_rabcdefghijklmno I Figure 3 2b The right side of the Gemini 15X Self Test which is a continuation of this two part figure 41 ...

Page 50: ...a word without using that word in the definition To make it easier to identify which character we re discussing we ve coded some of the characters to correspond with letters of the English alphabet If you look at Figure 3 3 you ll see that the fifth character shown in the sequence on the lower line is the percent sign For purposes of our discussion we ve coded it so it corresponds to the letter f ...

Page 51: ...h mark The slash represented by letter p is also called the diagonal slant solidus and virgule in the English money system it represents shillings Letter q in Figure 3 3 represents the 10 characters for the numerals zero through nine It might help to note the difference between a number and a numeral at this time A byte can represent a character such as the letter m or the numeral 5 or a whole num...

Page 52: ...an also be used for a circumflex or exponentiation Completing this set of characters the character coded e is the underlining for a single character and f represents the opening single quotation mark In Figure 3 5 the lowercase equivalents of the uppercase letters in Figure 3 4 are presented These letters are also 10 characters per inch CPI in the Self Test Following the lowercase letters in this ...

Page 53: ...italic characters form the third line of the Gemini 1SX Self Test the third and fourth lines with the Gemini 10X These characters are the italic version of the characters individually identified in Figures 3 3 3 4 and 3 5 TAKE A CLOSER LOOK Now that you ve considered the 96 standard characters and the 96 italic characters you re ready to hook your Gemini up to your computer and get started If you ...

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Page 55: ... and where When your computer identifies the characters selected for printing Gemini stores up to 816 bytes of data in its buffer at the same time that it s printing Gemini even knows when it runs out of paper stopping the printing process and if you wish signaling you of the problem Before we explore interfacing Gemini with your computer let s briefly consider how Gemini s control circuit is conf...

Page 56: ...ovided with the parallel interface as standard equipment with a serial interface available as an option 48 The parallel interface is incorporated in the same printed circuit board PCB as the controlcircuitboard The optional serial interface board is constructed to be attached directly to the PCB and to fully reside within the body of the printer If your system requires a serial interface contact y...

Page 57: ...r instructions to remove the upper case A status chart has been provided on the back panel of this manual to assist you in remembering the setting of each DIP switch in your printer DIP switches on control logic board Note Always set the DIPswitches with the printer s power turned oft Each pin in the DIP switch serves a distinct and separate control function The functions of DIP switch 1 are defin...

Page 58: ... 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 Function Selection ot Character Set _ _ c Print mode at Power On Set of Print Pitch Se ectionofCharacter Set Line Feed Value ISelectIon of International Character Set and Form Length When On see Flgu ei 4 c5 2 Normal 10 CPI se FlgurE i 5 inch see Figure 4 6 When Factory Off Setting on Emphasized on 17 CPI on on inch on on on on Figure 4 4 The eight switch settings and fu...

Page 59: ...ontrol the charactersets DIP Switch Settings Coun lry Form Length 1 6 1 7 1 8 on on on U S A 11 inches off on on England 11 inches on off on Germany 12 inches off off on Denmark 12 inches on on off France 12 inches off on off Sweden 12 inches on off off Italy 12 inches off off off Spain 12 inches Figure 4 6 By setting different combinations of DIP switches 1 6 1 7 and 1 8 you can select different ...

Page 60: ...h 2 is on off toggles for four important printer operations 52 The on position is when the toggle is flipped up the switch is turned off when the toggle is pOinted down The switches are numbered on Gemini with the left most toggle identified as no 1 when viewed from the rear and above Setting the DIP switches involves using the point of a ball point pen or a similar tool that can serve as a small ...

Page 61: ...ter taking the form of a hollow rectangle This rectangular opening is bordered both on the top and bottom with rows of 18 metal strips called pins that are set in the blue plastic spacer For more information about the pins in Gemini s parallel interface turn to Appendix N at the back of this manual Each of these 36 pins supports an important function in your computer printer interface so the conne...

Page 62: ...complementary with the Gemini connector otherwise it won t fit at all Figure 4 8 shows the connection and the clamp pins for securing the union Connector for A parallel interface g Figure 4 8 Securely attach both the clamp pins to ensure a good electrical connection 54 Attach the other end of the connecting cable to your computer in accordance with the specifications for your microcomputer If you ...

Page 63: ... see Appendix liN The third method is by transmitting the ESC code to Gemini as discussed in Chapter 5 and 9 Initializing Gemini is somewhat like cleaning off the blackboard to get ready for the next printing assignment All special settings are cleared away and the standard character size line height and number of lines per page are restored Altogether six operations are accomplished when Gemini i...

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Page 65: ...OUR PRINTER When you type on a conventional typewriter your fingers tell the machine which characters to print by striking different keys You can control the margins tabs and spacing of the lines by setting various mechanical controls If there are removable type elements on your electric typewriter you can change the type style to italic or special symbols such as math or Greek Aside from the DIP ...

Page 66: ... of the codes 128 through 255 are nowhere near standardization in all computer systems Note This is a timely opportunity for you to review the manual that accompanied your computer and to compare your computer s ASCII character codes with Gemini s Somewhere in the back of your computer manual you should find a table or chart of ASCII character codes Compare the chart with Appendix H at the back of...

Page 67: ...ey are fully compatible with Gemini s capabilities requires patching the programs All this is discussed in the section entitled Word Processing Software toward the end of this chapter Because of its simplicity availability and popularity we will use BASIC a computer language to demonstrate and learn about the Gemini printer Other languages such as PASCAL COBOL FORTRAN etc could also be used but to...

Page 68: ...fore PRINT 1sends information to the printer and PRINT sends information to the screen Other BASIC versions such as Applesoft and CBASIC for CP M use PRINT to send information both to the screen and to the printer Using the PR 1 statement before PRINT sends information only to the printer and using PR 0 sends information only to the screen Confused The example programs in this manual will use IBM ...

Page 69: ...r A wealth of information about printer capabilities is presented even if you don t qualify as a programmer If this simple test worked out well for you and your computer system get ready because in the next example you ll dive off the championship board and try a double back flip into the deep end Getting Ready to Dive In Check the position of the printer DIP switches before proceeding with the ne...

Page 70: ...C Before You Run the Sample Program 62 The program you just typed in was a long one but it illustrates about one half of the features available on Gemini Before we run the program let s utilize Gemini as a line printer_ Create a program listing by typing LLiST You can use this listing to double check that you have correctly entered the reference program Figure 5 1 _ If you discover any errors corr...

Page 71: ...70 IF I 2 THEN LPRINT ITALICS 180 IF J 1 THEN LPRINT COMPS normal 190 IF J 2 THEN LPRINT CO P double strike 200 IF J 3 THEN LPRINT COMP lmphali d 210 IF J 4 THEN LPRINT CaMPS double strike 220 FOR K 1 TO b 230 IF K 1 THEN LPRINT CaMP 240 IF K 2 THEN LPRINT ELITE 250 IF K 3 THEN LPRINT PICAS 260 IF K 4 THEN LPRINT COMP NIDE 270 IF K 5 THEN LPRINT ELITES WIDE 280 IF K 6 THEN LPRINT PICA NIDE 290 IF ...

Page 72: ...Crwyy ABCx v y ABCx yy ABCXlCYY ABCX Vy ABCXxVy aph siz d ABtXwyy ABCXIoC Vy ABCXxYy ABCXxYy ABCX yy ABCXxVy double strike AIChyv ABCXIoI Vy ABCXlCYY ABCXlCYY ABCXxVy ABCXHVy aphaslZ d GEMINI ITALIC TVPE STYLES 17 cpi 12 cDi 1r COl 8 Cpl 6 cpi 5 cpi orlal BCJl i y qFC Y y 1BC x yy RBCXxYy ABCX Y Y Pl BCX YY doable strike thy IlT3C yy I lF cx Yy RBCXxYy ABCXxYy Pl BCXxYy t phasiztd ABC i1 r JCx x y...

Page 73: ...in Figure 5 1 This line tells the BASIC interpreter that the printer will accept 132 characters per line This prevents BASIC from tossing in extra carriage returns and line feeds where we don t want them Lines 20 through 70 are used to set some printer controls to more easily remembered codes The escape code which is ASCII decimal code 27 is set to ESC The command that tells the printer to advance...

Page 74: ...e space normally utilized by the ascenders such as the top of a t and descenders the lower part of the letter g The scripting characters are printed high or low on the line to produce a professional looking scripting effect without having to roll the paper up and down by hand ESC s CHR O causes the printer to operate in its superscript mode and ESC S CHR 1 initiates the subscript Either mode is ca...

Page 75: ...inting Some restrictions apply to the use of emphasized printing and some of the other print commands_ We ll go over these restrictions when we examine in detail the tables printed by this program Line 80 is the first line of the program that sends text data to the printer What information are we sending Gemini First we send the character string PRSET telling Gemini to reset according to the comma...

Page 76: ... a semicolon Line 110 causes a similar message to be printed but this time we did not invoke the italic print style by sending the ITALlC command string to Gemini at the beginning of LPRINT statement Line 120 looks interesting because it serves an interesting purpose Line 120 is a loop from 1to 40 that sends two characters to Gemini for each cycle of the loop What you might ask are the two charact...

Page 77: ...5 2 For J 1 the print mode is normal J 2 produces the double strike effect The print is emphasized as a result of J 3 With J 4 Gemini produces a combination of double strike plus emphasized type You might also note that we set the row headings in compressed type to conserve space so that the tables would fit on 10 inch wide paper Line 220 starts the inner loop which prints each line of the table L...

Page 78: ...g the double strike print mode Cancelling the superscript or subscript does not automatically cancel the double strike mode I You might notice that line 320 is used six times to print one line Line 330 is used to cancel the double width command when K is greater than 3 This is done because the double width command is sent when K is equal to 4 5 or 6 by lines 260 270 and 280 Line 340 is the bottom ...

Page 79: ...gle character this function allows us to skip multiple lines Vertical tabs and other line spacing controls are discussed further in Chapter 9 Line 390 is the bottom of the outer loop Line 400 finishes up the program by sending a form feed command to Gemini resetting the line printer to an aO character width With that line 400 ends the program Now that we have considered the causes let s look at th...

Page 80: ...24 through 255 you ll see an enlargement of the full set of 6 x 6 graphics The straight line that separates the CPI column headings from the body of the tables in Figure 5 3 was produced by repeating ASCII code number 241 across the page The alternating sequence of ASCII code numbers 231 and 232 produced the graphic embellishment that appears under the standard and italic table titles In Chapter 7...

Page 81: ...th of an inch lower would not be noticeable In our sample program Figure 5 2 there were 12 supers and subs per line giving a total of 12 144ths or GEMINI STANDARD TYPE STYLES 17 01 L CPl 1 CPl 8 CPl 6 CPl 5 Cpl normal ABC C IBC yv 18C XH v y ABC ABC ABC daub str k ABC ABC y y ABCx yy ABC ABC ABC elphasized ABChvy ABCxw vy ABC ABC ABC ABC joubl stn ABC v ABC y y ABC ABC ABC ABC elDhasl zed GEMINI I...

Page 82: ...ilable with Gemini For example most current word processing programs can send function codes for printing bold type double striking To accomplish this the word processing software sends multiple instructions initiated by keyboard commands such as control B or control E When older printers receive these instructions they print a word then get the signal for their printing mechanism to back up then ...

Page 83: ...u re only out the time you invested and haven t hurt the original Software Patching Services Another solution to the problem of software printer incompatibility is to turn to one of the software recycling services that advertise in hobbyist computing publications For a modest sum they will recycle your software by performing the patching operation for you Many of these services invite you to mail ...

Page 84: ... restart a COLOR 7 0 IBO LOCATE 25 SI COLOR O 7 PRINT E exit COLOR 7 0 qo RETURN 00 LOCATE 10 30 PRINT olease stand by FOR 1 1 TO X FOR J 1 TO 80 A I Jl NEXT NEXT RETURN 220 LPRINT CHR 271 230 CLS LOCATE S 2 COLOR 0 7 PRINT n Clommand o LOCATE 25 16 240 PRINT P rint LOCATE 25 27 PRINT Rleturn COLOR 7 0 250 GS INKEY5 IF 65 THEN 250 260 IF 55 P THEN 60SUB 310 270 IF 5 C THEN 60SUB 320 GOTO 230 280 I...

Page 85: ... be anything to write home about but at least it gives you the capability of writing home You may also find the use of the control codes is somewhat awkward but this program has its own menus which will make it easier for you to remember the commands The program provides three different menus which display your options and prompt you to select specific commands to guide you in your word process in...

Page 86: ...nd print your text again The following is a listing of the commands CONTROL COMMANDS FOR THE DO IT YOURSELF WORD PROCESSING PROGRAM SHOWN IN FIGURE 5 4 1st MENU P gets you to the 2nd command level D deletes the character to the left of the cursor 1 R restart clears the screen and lets you type a new text 1 E exits the program 2nd MENU P prints your text C gets you to the 3rd command level R return...

Page 87: ... with your computer and various printing capabilities That should be enough to get you started To paraphrase an old saying A journey of a thousand pages begins with a single character Bon Voyage If you have the luxury of enough time to keep reading the next five chapters and accompanying appendices will provide you with the means to be able to travel first class If knowledge is power then you ll b...

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Page 89: ...s on your face THE PRINT HEAD Upper Lower The print head contains nine thin wires or pins positioned one above the other Figure 6 1 illustrates the print head from the paper s point of view looking straight on Each wire is connected to a solenoid gun an electromagnet that fires when told to do so by the computer inside Gemini Figure 6 2 presents a schematic of the print head mechanism profiling th...

Page 90: ...iring and firing is the printed characters produced by Gemini onto your paper Consider if you will the process of printing an uppercase letter H see Figure 6 3 Because the print head is bidirectional can print right to left and left to right Gemini can start the H from either side In this example the top seven pins fire simultaneously to print one side of the letter Then the print head moves acros...

Page 91: ...i we manipulate both the number of pins fired and the order in which they are fired If you know which control code to send from your computer s keyboard through the computer to the printer you can even create new characters by controlling the firing pins THE PRINT MATRIX Let s turn to Appendix K and look briefly at the dot patterns of the various characters All these characters during the normal p...

Page 92: ...re 6 4 is presented and discussed in Chapter 7 Figure 6 4 USing block graphics and a simple program written in BASIC you can create very large type as shown here 84 Although the matrices are the same width the dot configurations of the different characters in the alphanumeric and special symbol sets are different in their widths The narrowest letter is the lowercase i ASCII code 105 the smallest c...

Page 93: ...the matrix is one half as high VERTICAL SPACING On most conventional typewriters you have a choice of single space and a half or double spacing Your Gemini can print lines that are set to one sixth inch or one eighth or whatever spacing you want in increments as small as 1 144th of an inch When you initialize your printer Gemini is automatically set to a vertical spacing of one sixth inch if DIP S...

Page 94: ... in BASIC If you want to run this program the following paragraphs discuss the what s and why s A Sample Program that Demonstrates Vertical Spacing 86 The program presented in Figure 6 5b is short but takes awhile to print In the program the first line prints a heading a built in title for your graphics Line 20 starts a loop from 1 to 30 This loop controls the vertical spacing Line 30 may look str...

Page 95: ...k graphics set Line 100 and 110 end the J loops and line 120 resets the printer and ends the program Discussion of the Vertical Spacing Program Let s start by looking at how close the dots are vertically in Figure 6 S Remember that the normal characters are seven dots high which is 14 144ths 7 72nds of an inch Therefore if you wanted to print text say in all uppercase letters with each line restin...

Page 96: ...44 8 144 9 144 10 144 11 144 12 144 14 144 15 144 16 144 171144 18 144 19 144 20 144 21 144 22 144 Figure 6 5a This printout actual size shows the vertical spacing that you can control using the ESC 3 n code This printout was created using the BASIC program shown at the bottom of Figure 6 5b a continuation of this figure 88 ...

Page 97: ...FOR J 0 TO M 70 IF J M I THEN LPRINT I 144 INCH SPACING 90 LPRINT TAB 30 j O FOR N 1TO 40 LPRINT CHRt 241 I NEXT N LPRINT 100 NEXT J 110 NEXT I 120 LPRINT CHR 271 END Figure 6 5b This continuation of Figure 6 5a depicts a more open spacing thatyou might use forprinting drafts ofdocuments that need room for letting the reviewer manually insert changes This printout was produced by the BASIC program...

Page 98: ...ecision of 1920dots per line four times the number of firings per line inch as in low resolution Dot s a lot of dots Fortunately we don t have to fill all the columns on every line any more than a painter must apply all available paints to a single canvas After telling the printer to enter the graphics mode we then define how many columns of dots we want to print in a line We can send Gemini a str...

Page 99: ...ainder of x 256 and n2 is the quotient of x 256 Note For those of you who are computer wise and curious n1 x MODULO 256 and n2 INTEGER of x 256 What does all this mean to the rest of us The following table might help If the number of columns x then then ranges from n1 is n2is 1 to 255 x 0 256 to 511 x 256 1 512 to 767 x 512 2 768 to 1023 x 768 3 1024 to 1279 x 1024 4 1280 to 1535 x 1280 5 1536 to ...

Page 100: ... n1n2 commands the printer to print dual density graphics with double speed In other words your result will be high resolution graphics as if you had used ESC L but they will be printed twice as fast ESC z n1 n2 puts Gemini in the quadruple density graphics mode even more dots per inch The result of this ultra high resolution mode is the capacity to print 1 920 dots in one line on the Gemini 10X a...

Page 101: ...u would send CHR 64 8 In other words you d send CHR 72 Therein is the pattern Thus if you wanted to fire all the pins using an 8 bit computer you d send CHR 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 CHR 255 Control Binary Pin Code Representation Fired CHR 128 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 CHR 64 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 CHR 32 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 CHR 16 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 CHR 8 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 5 CHR 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 CHR 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...

Page 102: ... and numbers 1through 6 for 7 bit Because the bottom most pin that normally can be used is fired by CHR 1 all commands for the other usable pins will be even numbered whatever their combination of numbers to fire whatever combination of pins With all the codes even numbered there s no need to concern ourselves about unlucky old CHR 13 You might want to think about it for a while There are other wa...

Page 103: ...UGH SKETCH Firing Pin Codes No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 128 64 2 32 3 16 4 c 8 5 4 6 2 7 128 64 2 N 32 3 5 J 16 4 8 5 4 6 2 7 Line 1 firing code 14 16 34 64 140 140 128 128 140 140 64 34 16 14 Llne2 firing code 224 16 232 68 34 18 18 18 18 34 68 232 16 224 Figure 6 6 One approach to creating your own graphics is first to sketch the figure on graph paper then code the dots for programming 9...

Page 104: ...you start firing the pins be sure that the top of the second row of dots is one dot s space below the bottom of the first row It s like having one picture in two frames and wanting the frames lined up close together You are using seven printing dots and each dot is 1 74 of an inch below the one above it Perhaps this illustration will make it clearer 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 First line 7 7 dot space...

Page 105: ...erator who s creating dot matrix graphics Now if you want to try a little something different change line 40 to 40 LPRINT CHR 27 L CHR 114 CHR O and run the program again High resolution packs the dots twice as close together horizontally For the same size drawing you would need twice as many dots Therefore you d have to send twice as many print head control characters to Gemini By this time you p...

Page 106: ... I I I I ...

Page 107: ...ins with a discussion of using Gemini s expanded character set The middle of this chapter considers low resolution graphics with sample programs Chapter 7 concludes with some tips on producing high resolution graphics FOREIGN LANGUAGE CHARACTERS Gemini can converse in the English language as well as in most of the Romantic languages French Spanish Italian German etc By the way the Romantic languag...

Page 108: ...o print Se habla espanol Spanish spoken you could input the following controls LPRINT Se habla espan CHR 8 CHR 126 01 German text when set in modern type requires only the umlauted vowels For example to print fur den eigen en Bedarf for personal consumption You would enter LPRINT f CHR 216 r den eigen en Bedarf Foreign Language Characters Summary I 100 Gemini now provides you with even more non En...

Page 109: ...s Francs f CHR 36 CHR 212 CHR 195 CHR 223 SCIENTIFIC AND MATHEMATIC NOTATION Yen CHR 208 Science engineering and mathematics have their own languages to communicate technical ideas The versatile Gemini can meet the challenge of modern science by printing special characters as required Mathematical Operations Beyond superscripting initiated by ESC S 0 and subscripting ESC S 1 the following are Gemi...

Page 110: ...thematical equations include sigma pi omega 1 CJ 1t n 0 CHR 184 CHR 185 CHR 187 CHR 182 CHR 183 phi theta mu beta 0 e JI CHR 178 CHR 179 CHR 197 CHR 217 Appendix H at the back of this manual lists all special characters If you take a moment and look over the character set you ll find the symbols forthe parallel lines functions angstroms degrees in C and F and other characters that serve special pu...

Page 111: ...This little program will produce o You can use two arcs from the circle to produce a different symbol LPRINT TAB 2 CHR 163 CHR 27 A CHR 6 LPRINT CHR 160 The result is a two line symbol that serves as the scientific notation for the integration operation The four directional arrows t CHR 164 CHR 165 CHR 166 CHR 167 can be utilized to produce a cartographic map making symbol 103 ...

Page 112: ...ach other so Gemini does not add any extra spacing between these characters as it does for the alphanumerics The Gemini can now print in a bidirectional mode ESC U0 which cancels unidirectional printing and returns to the faster standard bidirectional printing mode or it can print in unidirectional mode ESC U 1 In this mode all subsequent lines are printed in unidirectional mode This mode is invok...

Page 113: ...like this and can draw pictures as well Line 10 of the sample program in Figure 7 1 sets consecutive line feeds to 6 72 1 12 inch This ensures that the 6 x 6 block graphic characters will stack on top of each other without unwanted vertical space between them Line 15 sets your printer to unidirectional print mode as in Figure 7 1 ensuring vertical alignment Line 30 is a loop over In this example t...

Page 114: ...program demonstrates some of what block graphics can accomplish but why limit ourselves to the ASCII code numbers 224 to 239 In the next program we ll set sail for more challenging applications Creating Graphic Drawings 106 Figure 7 2 presents a sailboat drawn with 6 x 6 block graphics Also included in Figure 7 2 is the program listing If you want to take a few minutes to enter and run the program...

Page 115: ...39 239 239 239 239 239 239 239 251 00 DATA 253 239 239 239 239 239 239 239 239 239 251 224 210 lPRINT NEIT t 220 lPRINT CHRS 271 CHR 641 END I Figure 7 2 Block graphics created this fleet of sailboats using the simple program shown Line 40 is a BASIC command that tells the next READ statement to start reading at the beginning of the data The data statements have been changed in Figure 7 2 from wha...

Page 116: ...u have to tell Gemini where to place exactly every single dot And there can be a lot of dots in a dot graphics program That s like being given ocean front property if you put every grain of sand one by one on the beach But wait there s more good news The computer you have interfaced with Gemini is a powerful tool when it comes to moving large amounts of data All you need to do is tell your compute...

Page 117: ...that you might have with the carriage return command and to let people with either 7 bit and B bit computers participate without significant adaptation of our program This program like the previous ones is written for the IBM PC but the appendices at the back of this manual will tell you how to adapt this program to several other computers Figure 7 3 In this program standard characters the o s in ...

Page 118: ... radius of the shape X1 and Y1 are the starting points for the curve The subroutine that starts at line 1000 will plot the pOints around the curve and will call the subroutine starting at line 3000 to actually plot the line from Xl Y1 to X2 Y2 This subroutine will call yet another routine starting at line 4000 this routine actually turns on the dots It stores the element in BIT O and then uses the...

Page 119: ...1060 SCSUB 3000 1070 NEXT AN6 10eo FOR ANG O TO 360 STEP 15 1090 Rl ANGt6 2S 360 1100 R2 ANG 150 6 2S 360 1110 Xl RAD COS Rl 10 Yl RAOlSIN Rl 10 1120 X2 RAOtCOS R2 10 Y2 RADtSINIR2 10 1130 GOSUB 3000 1140 NEXT ANG 2000 WIDTH nLPT 25S 2010 LPRINT CHR 27 A CHRS 6 2020 FOR ROW O TO 11 O O AS 040 LPRINT CHRS Z7 K CHRS 119 CHR 1 2050 FOR COL 1 TO 75 2060 FOR LL l TO 2070 LPRINT CHR B T COL RDW 2080 NEX...

Page 120: ... MASK1 XITZ 4060 RETURN Figure 7 4b This continuation of Figure 7 4a is the rest of one approach to using bit image graphics Figure 7 5 Using the BASIC program provided in Figure 7 4 you can obtain these results CONCLUSION 112 The limits on Gemini s ability to produce readable text and graphic images are limited only by your imagination your computer system and your ability to properly use the fun...

Page 121: ... Printing Capabilities h I Notes i i I II i i I 113 ...

Page 122: ... ...

Page 123: ... and so on Let s start our downloadable character education by choos ing a new character to create Because the editors will be the first people to look at this text we ll choose one that they ll feel com fortable with the paragraph symbol 1l This little backward Pis used in both manuscript editing and in word processing Unfor tunately it s not one of the standard characters on most printers Append...

Page 124: ...umn so the total value for this column is 6 2 4 6 Write this number at the bottom of the column After adding up the values for each column you will have nine numbers to send to the printer For the first example the numbers are 6 9 0 9 118 9 0 127 0 The code to define a downloadable character to the printer is The c1is the character we wish to redefine In the example we ll redefine the symbol CHR 6...

Page 125: ...S lZ7 CHRSIC O REM Se e t downloadable chara e s 60 LPR N ESC CHRf 36 CH 70 E rint OU W svmbo Figure 8 2 Program listing to print II cq 1 1 J il Not too bad for the first try Let s create another symbol to keep the editors happy and to demonstrate a few more things you ll need to know about downloadable characters This time we will create the copyright symbol a small c with a circle around it Firs...

Page 126: ...cters in the download area RAM have been defined So you need one more command when you are only replacing a few characters at a time CHR 27 CHR 42 CHR O This code copies all of the normal characters into the downloadable area RAM of your printer Let s insert this into Ex ample 2 before we define our copyright symbol REM Define the Es ace hara te 0 ESCS CHRt 27 24 RE c v characters c RAM 5 LPR ST E...

Page 127: ...e the Escape character 20 ESCS CHRS 27 4 REM cOCy characters to RAM 2 LPRINT ESCS CHRS 42 CHRt O 30 REM Define copyrIght symbol in olace of 40 LPRINT ESCS CHRS 42 CHRS 1 CHR 64 CHRt O CHRS ZS CHRS 34 CHRS 73 CHR 20 ICHR 6 l CHR 20 ICHR 65 CHR 34 CHRt 20 44 REM DefIne cooyright symbol in alace of 45 LPRINT ESCS CHRt 42 CHR ll CHR 3B CHRS l CHR 2B CHR 341 CHRS 731 CHR 20 ICHR 6 ICHR 20 CHR 6 CHR 34 ...

Page 128: ...dsheet program or to get some cooperation from an un cooperative word processor First we have to define the macro instruction CHR 27 CHR 43 CHR 30 All of the commands you wish to group together in a macro replace the s You can use up to 16 characters to define your macro For an example we will define a macro to set our printer to emphasized and double width print modes First we look these commands...

Page 129: ... har4r ter 20 ESCS SHR 2 0 RE Oefine mac o to be emphasized and expa ded text 40 LPRINT ESC lCH S 43 lESCSl EnlESC W CHR I CHR 130 l 50 REM Issue macro command anc try crinting 60 LPRINT ESCS CHRS 33 O LPRINT Emchasized and ExoanCed bv Macro ElTIpna s izt d by M a cr c Figure 8 7 Program listing using macro instructions 121 ...

Page 130: ... ...

Page 131: ...tions is as follows PURPOSE Tells what the function code accomplishes FORMAT Shows the correct format for the control sequence giving both the alphanumeric and ASCII code sequences REMARKS Details how the command is used EXAMPLE Shows BASIC program segment to demonstrate the use of the command COMMANDS USED TO CONTROL PRINT STYLE These commands are used to control the font style the print pitch pr...

Page 132: ...s shown below n 0 USA n 1 England n 2 Germany n 3 Denmark n 4 France n 5 Sweden n 6 Italy n 7 Spain LPRINT CHR 27 CHR 55 CHR 4 selects the international character set for France Font Pitch Controls PURPOSE Set the print pitch FORMAT ESC 8 n CH R 27 CH R 66 CH R n REMARKS After this command is sent to the printer subsequent printing is done in pica 10 characters per inch if n 1 in elite 12 characte...

Page 133: ...SO command is cancelled by the transmission of the DC4 code CH R 20 or by the CR code CHR 13 The ESC W 0 code will also cancel this command causing the printer to print in normal mode EXAMPLE LPRINT CHR 14 LPRINT Double Width Mode LPRI NT Standard Width Mode prints the first line in double width mode and the second line in standard width since the carriage return transmitted by the first LPRINT ca...

Page 134: ...C G CHR 27 CHR 71 REMARKS When the ESC G code is transmitted to the printer subsequent characters are printed in I the double strike mode The double strike is cancelled when the ESC H code is sent to the printer CHR 27 CHR 72 When in double strike the characters are printed once then the paper is moved up 1 144 inch and the characters are reprinted Shifting in and out of double strike on the same ...

Page 135: ...to the printer all subsequent characters are printed with an underline The underline mode is cancelled by the ESC 0 code CHR 27 CHR 45 CHR O Print in superscript mode ESC S 0 CHR 27 CHR 83 CHR O When the ESC S 0 command is received by the printer the subsequent characters are printed in superscript mode While in superscript the normal bidirectional print mode is cancelled and the unidirectional pr...

Page 136: ...FORMAT ESC U 1 CHR 27 CHR 85 CHR 1 REMARKS When the ESC U 1 code is sent to the printer all subsequent lines are printed in unidirectional printing mode This mode is invoked by the super subscript mode and by the graphics mode Unidirectional printing is useful in printing tables and charts and ensures that columnar numbers and other characters are in alignment The ESC U 0 code is sent to the print...

Page 137: ... P switch 1 5 is off the line feed will be 1 8 inch The size of the line feed can be changed using the codes listed below When DIP switch 2 4 is on a line feed is automatically generated when the printer receives a CR code CHR 13 Change the line feed to a pre set value ESC n CH R 27 CH R m When this command is sent to the printer the size of the line feed is changed according to the value of n CHR...

Page 138: ...phics character and setting the line feed to 1 12 inch PURPOSE Change the line feed to nl144 inches FORMAT ESC 3 n CHR 27 CHR 51 CHR n REMARKS When this command is sent to the printer successive line feeds are set to nl144 inches The value of n must be between 1 and 127 PURPOSE Send a one time only line feed of nl144 inches FORMAT ESC J n CHR 27 CHR 74 CHR n REMARKS When this code is sent to the p...

Page 139: ...ld be between 1 and 127 PURPOSE Change the setting of the form length to n inches FORMAT ESC C 0 n CHR 27 CHR 67 CHR O CHR n REMARKS When this code is received the length of the page is set to n inches The values of n must be between 1 and 32 PURPOSE Change the line location of the header first line of the form FORMAT ESC R n CHR 27 CHR 82 CHR n REMARKS This command is used to change the location ...

Page 140: ...f the page The line spacing is 1 8 inch PURPOSE Cancel the skip over perforation feature FORMAT ESC 0 CI I R 27 CH R 79 REMARKS When this command is received the skip over perforation set by ESC N n code and the line location of the header of the form set by ESC R n code are cancelled Vertical Tabs PURPOSE Advance paper to the next vertical tab FORMAT VT CHR 11 REMARKS When this command is receive...

Page 141: ...f form and prints the numeral 1 on line 15 and the numeral 2 on line 30 PURPOSE Send a one time only vertical line feed of n lines FORMAT ESC a n CHR 27 CHR 97 CHR n REMARKS When this command is sent it causes the paper to be advanced n lines vertical feed Value of n must be between 1 and 127 This command does not change the present vertical tab EXAMPLE LPRINT CHR 27 CHR 97 CHR 15 causes the paper...

Page 142: ... should be between 1 and 255 The maximum number of print positions on an 8 inch wide form is 80 for 10 CPI characters 96 for 12 CPI and 136 for 17 CPI For the Gemini 15X the maximum number of print positions is 136 for 10 CPI 163 for 12 CPI and 233 for 17 CPI PURPOSE Set the right hand print margin FORMAT ESC Q n CHR 27 CHR 81 CHR n REMARKS After this command is sent to the printer attempting to p...

Page 143: ...f this command The value of n1 must be less than n2 n2 must be less than n3 etc EXAMPLE LPRINT CHR 27 M CHR 5 CHR 27 Q CH R 70 LPRINT CHR 27 0 CHR 10 CHR 30 CHR O sets the left hand margin at print column 5 sets the right hand margin at print column 70 and sets the two horizontal tab positions one at print column 10 and the other at print column 30 PURPOSE Move the print head back one space FORMAT...

Page 144: ... 60 dots per inch column scan bit image graphics mode The number of columns to be printed is given by n1 256 n2 There must be n1 256 n2 characters following n2 These characters determine which pins are fired according to the explanation found in Chapter 6 for dot graphics PURPOSE Print high resolution double density graphics FORMAT ESC L n1 n2 m1 m2 CHR 27 CHR 76 CHR n1 CHR n2 CHR m1 CHR m2 REMARK...

Page 145: ...nds are used to control the macro instruction PURPOSE FORMAT REMARKS PURPOSE FORMAT REMARKS Define the macro instruction ESC RS CHR 27 CH R 43 CHR 30 When this code is sent to the printer the existing macro instruction is cancelled The new macro instruction is set The maximum number of instruction bytes is 16 The RS CHR 30 character is used to end the command Select the macro instruction ESC CHR 2...

Page 146: ...nward and 0 when it is not shifted PURPOSE Copy the fonts in character ROM into download RAM FORMAT ESC 0 CHR 27 CHR 42 CHR O REMARKS When this command is received the fonts in character ROM are copied into the download character RAM PURPOSE Select the download character set FORMAT ESC 1 CHR 27 CHR 36 CHR 1 REMARKS This command causes the printer to select the download character set Download chara...

Page 147: ...eceived all subsequent data is processed with the eighth bit regarded as set to O The ESC code is used to cancel the ESC command These codes are provided to allow users with a 7 bit interface to access the special characters whose ASCII code is greater than 127 These codes should be used to transmit printer function codes ESC only functions with the DIP switch number 2 3 set to on for a 7 bit inte...

Page 148: ...ated by sending an ESC Y 0 CHR 27 CHR 89 CHR O control code to the printer After the ESC Y 0 code is received the CH R 7 no longer causes the buzzer to beep The buzzer can be reactivated by sending an ESC Y 1 CHR 27 CHR 89 CHR 1 code to the printer PURPOSE Allow printing even though the paper out detector indicates Gemini is out of paper FORMAT ESC 8 CHR 27 CHR 56 REMARKS When the ESC 8 function c...

Page 149: ...gnal from the paper out detector_ ESC 9 CH R 27 CH R 57 When this code is sent to the printer the signal from the paper out detector is restored Initialize the printer conditions_ ESC CHR 27 CHR 64 When this code is sent to the printer the conditions of the printer are initialized 141 ...

Page 150: ... I ...

Page 151: ...de of your printer wipe the external surfaces of the case carefully with a clean cloth moistened with alcohol Note Exercise the utmost care not to wet the electronic parts and machine body Interior cleaning Remove dust and dirt from the internal mechanism by gently using a soft brush Be very careful not to damage the electronic parts or wiring circuit To clean the interior of Gemini you should rem...

Page 152: ...s free Set the upper casing front on end next to the printer so that the short wires attached to the control panel remain connected After removing the casing check the fuse which is located on the fuse board near the power switch The fuse is a commonly used type with a metal strip suspended in a glass and metal case If the strip is broken the fuse is blown If the fuse is blown replace it with a BE...

Page 153: ...nsert the mounting screws and the platen knob Refer to Figure 1 6 in Chapter 1 for an exploded view of Gemini 10X with its upper casing removed You probably need to replace the fuse when all of the following four statements apply to your situation the printer won t operate the power on lamp isn t lit on the control panel you are sure that the power switch is on and the printer is connected to a po...

Page 154: ...rint head start by removing the ink ribbon You might want to refer to Figure 10 4 as you follow these steps Warning The print head will be hot during operation and soon afterward so be careful not to burn yourself 1 2 3 Extract the head cable from the head connector Hold down the head cable board while performing this disconnec tion Remove the two clamping screws from the print head Detach the pri...

Page 155: ...lamping screws Apply screw lock an adhesive to the heads of the screws Insert the head cable tightly into the head connector Be sure the connection is a good one otherwise it may cause problems Figure 10 4 Replacing the print head by yourself is easy quick and avoids downtime 147 ...

Page 156: ...heck List o Clean the print head and sensor peripherals with a soft brush o Check the various screws and make sure they are tight If they aren t tighten them with a screwdriver o Rotate the platen and check for possible damage If the platen is worn or uneven replace it o Remain alert to abnormal operating sounds Strange noises can signal strange conditions and the earlier you recognize and fix a p...

Page 157: ... Maintenance I Notes I I I I I II I 149 ...

Page 158: ... ...

Page 159: ...itch number 2 3 to the on position Because BASIC supplies a line feed at the end of each line turn DIP switch number 2 4 to the off posi tion unless you want to generate double spaced output in which case turn number 2 4 on Switch number 2 1 can be set to either position Switch number 2 2 should be set to off if you want Gemini to print every time it receives a CR code set number 2 2 to on if you ...

Page 160: ...int a line of any length This is particularly important when sending bit image graphics to Gemini The CHR 9 or function code HT which moves the print head to the next tab position and CHR 13 or function code CR for a carriage return codes cause problems when used in both the Gemini escape function code sequences and in the graphics mode Avoid using these codes if possible The printer interface car...

Page 161: ...gent Apple Inter face Board it comes complete with the cable Just plug it in and it s ready to go Program Listings 4 RE sa 5 RE PRINTIN6 EFFECTS PR06 6 REM 10 PR 1 PRINT CHRS 9 132N 1 PRINT N C D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 DB ACK SG 20 ESCS CHRS 271 LFS CHRS 101IFFS CHRS 12l CRS CHRS 13 30 PICAS ESCS B CHRS lIIELITE ESCS B CHRS 11211CO PS ESCS B CHRS 3 40 SPR ESCS S CHRS 0 SUB ESC S CHR l CANSS ESC T 50 I...

Page 162: ...E 200 IF J 3 THEN PRINT COMPSI EMPHASIZED Ii 210 IF J 4 THEN PRINT COMPS DOUBLE STRIKE 220 FOR K I TO 6 230 IF K I THEN PRINT COMPS 240 IF K 2 THEN PRINT ELITES 250 IF K 3 THEN PRINT PICAS 260 IF K 4 THEN PRINT COMPS WIDES 270 IF K 5 THEN PRINT ELITESjWIDESj 280 IF K 6 THEN PRINT PICASjWIDESj 290 IF J 2 THEN PRINT DBLS 300 IF J 3 THEN PRINT EMPHS 310 IF J 4 THEN PRINT OBLSS EHPHS 320 PRINT MI SPRS...

Page 163: ...Y 1 PRINT CHR m 135 As X YI 140 VTA8 XI HTAB VI PRINT RETURN 150 VTAB 24 HTA8 1 INVERSE PRINT APIRINT 160 VTAB 24 HTAB 10 PRINT ADIElETE 170 VTA8 24 HTAB 19 PRINT HARIESTART 180 VTAB 24 HTAB 29 PRINT ElXIT 185 NORMAL 187 VTAB 221 HTAB I PRINT LIS 190 RETURN 200 VTAB 101 HTAS 10 PRINT PLEASE STAND BV FOR I 1 TO X FOR J 1 TO OIAS Jl I NEXT J NEXT II RETURN 210 REM 220 PRill PRINT CHRt 1271 0 PRIO 23...

Page 164: ...NT ESC 430 6ET GS 440 IF 6 CHRS 13 THEN 480 450 PRINT 6S 455 IF I 0 THEN 470 460 PRINT I 470 SSII 6S 1 I 11 60TO 430 490 IF I 2 THEN FOR J 1 TO IIOS OS S J NEXT J ST CHRS 27 SSIO CHR VAL 10 OS 490 IF I 2 THEN ST CHR 27 SS O CHR VAL SS I 500 IF I 1 THEN STS CHR 27 5 0 510 PRt 1 PRINT CHR 9 40N PRINT STS STt 1 PRt 0 FOR J 1 TO I SS J 01 NEXT J1I I 0 20 VTAB 221 HTAB 4 PRINT BLS RETURN 530 VTAB 22 HT...

Page 165: ...EXT J 110 NEXT 120 PRINT CHRt 27 130 PRI 01 END Figure A 3 is the vertical spaCing program refer to Figure 6 5 amended for the Apple I computer 10 PRI 1 20 PRINT CHRt 27 I CHRt 127I A CHRt 6I 30 FOR II 1 TO 2 40 PRINT CHRt 271 K CHRt 114 CHRt 01 SO FOR SPACE 1 TO 100 5S PRINT CHRt 0 11 NEXT SPACE 60 FOR COLK 1 TO 14 70 READ CI PRINT CHRt C NEXT COL 80 PRINT 90 NEXT Ll 100 DATA 14 16 34 64 78 78 64...

Page 166: ... Figure A 6 is the tilde program presented in Chapter 7 amended for the Apple I computer 1 PR 1 10 PRINT TAB 20 N 15 PRINT TAB 20 CHRt 27 CHRS 164 CHR 27 20 PRINT TAB 17 W 25 PRINT CHRS 27 CHRS 166 CHRS 27 30 PRINT CHRS 27 CHRS 167 CHRS 27 j E 35 PRINT TAB 20 CHRS 27 CHRS l65 CHRS 27 40 PRINT TAB 20 5 45 PR 0 END Figure A 7 is the map program presented in Chapter 7 amended for the Apple I computer...

Page 167: ...4 239 224 224 224 224 120 PRINT CHRI 27 130 PRJ 0 END Figure A 8 is the Wy program refer to Figure 7 1 amended for the Apple II computer 1 REM U 2 REM tt BOAT PR06 tt 3 REM U 10 PRJ 11 PRINT CHRt 27 I A CHRI 16 CHRI liS 12 PRINT CHRS 271 U 1 CHRt 1 1 15 FOR K 1 TO 3 16 PRINT CHRS 27 B CHRt Kl 17 RESTORE 20 FOR J 1 TO 9 II 30 FOR t 1TO 12 40 READ A O PRINT CHRS 21 CHR AI 60 NEXT I 70 PRINT I 90 NEX...

Page 168: ...3 MINUTES TO RUN PLEASE S PRINT TURN ON YOUR PRINTER AND 9 PRINT STAND By 10 A 24576 20 FOR I ATO A 1 30 READ 9 35 POKE I B 40 NEXT I 50 DATA 32 74 255 165 250 5 251 60 DATA 133 252 32 63 25 96 100 REM MICRO PLOT 110 DIM 9IT 76 12 1000 REM SET PROGRAM CONSTANTS 1010 MASKX I 64IMASKX 4 8 1020 MASKX 2 32IMASK1 5 4 1030 MASKX 3 16 MASKX 6 2 1040 LX 20 LV 20 1050 XFAC 72 LX YFAC 75 LY 2000 REM PLOT CU...

Page 169: ...50 FOR COL I TO 7 3055 FOR LL 1 TO 5 3060 PRINT CHR BITt COL RON 3065 NEXT LL 3070 NEXT COL 3080 PRINT 3090 NEXT ROW 3100 PRINT 3102 PRI 0 3110 END 4000 REM DRAM ALINE FROM Xl Yl TO X2 Y2 4010 XL X2 XI YL Y2 Yl 4020 NX ABS XL XFAC INV 10 ABS VL YFAC1 4030 IF NX NY THEN NX NY 4040 NSt 10 INT NX 1 4050 DX XL I NSX DY YL I NSt 4060 FOR 1 1TO NSt 4070 Xl Xl DX Yl VI DY 4080 60SUB 5000 4090 NEXT I 4100...

Page 170: ...ADABLE CHARACTERS 50 PR NT CHRS 27 CHRS 36 CHR 1 60 REM tt PRINT OUR NEW SYMBO 0 PRINT Figure A 11 is the downloading paragraph symbols program refer to Figure 8 2 amended for the Apple 11 computer SPRINT CHRS 4 PRll 0 REM St DEFINE COPYRIGHT SYMBOL IN PLACE OF A SYMBOL 20 PRINT CHRS 271 CHR 42 CHR I CHRS 641 CHRS 0 CHRS 1281 CHRS 134 CHRt 731 CHRS 201 CHR 1651 CHRS 20 CHRS 65 CHR 34 CHRt 20 30 RE...

Page 171: ...r the Apple computer 5 PRINT CHRt 4 PRI1 10 REM COpy CHARACTERS INTO RA 20 PRINT CHRt 127 CHRt 1421 CHR 0 30 REM DEFINE COPYRIGHT SYMBOL IN PLACE OF THE SYMBOL 40 PRINT CHRt 27 CHRt 42 CHRt I CHRt 64 CHR 0 CHRt 28 CHRI 341 CHRf 73 CHRS 20 CHRS 1651 CHRt 201 CHRt 6511 CHRI 34 CHR 20 45 REM ft DEFINE COPYRIGHT SYMBOL IN PLACE OF THE SYMBOL 50 PRINT CHRt 271 CHRt 42 CHRt II CHRt 38 CHRS I CHR 1291 CH...

Page 172: ...XPANDED TEXT 20 PRINT CHRS 27 CHRS 43 CHRt 27 E CHRS 27 W CHRS I CHRS 30 30 REM ISSUE ACRO COMMAND AND TRY PRINTING 40 PRINT CHRS 271 CHRS 33 50 PRINT E PHASIZED AND EXPANDED BY MACRO Figure A 15 is the macro commands program refer to Figure 8 7 amend ed for the Apple I computer 164 ...

Page 173: ...owing for print ing only when the buffer is full The Use of BASIC Atari BASIC is somewhat different from the Microsoft BASIC used in this manual If you do not have the Microsoft BASIC cartridge for your Atari the following discussion will help you understand the modification necessary for the programs given in this manual Then you may simply type in the amended programs listed at the back of this ...

Page 174: ...you would use the following statement PRINT 7 CHR 27 5 At the end of your program you need to purge the printer buf fer and close the file Use the following statements PRINT 7 CLOSE 7 Because Atari uses codes 0 31 for its graphics characters you may want to add 128 to the ASCII control codes For exam ple send CHR 141 instead of CHR 13 for a carriage return As another example send CHR 155 instead o...

Page 175: ...8 2 is a new word processing program similar to the one presented in Chapter 5 but without the use of the singIe character input function which the Atari computer does not have The basic idea of the program is the same you can input 22 strings of text and each string can be up to 80 characters long After typing your text you can get into command level by entering the word COM and hitting Return In...

Page 176: ... 27Ij S CHRS 3 DOUBLE STRIKE A 140 IF J 3 THEN PRINT 14 CHRS 27 S CHRS 3l EKPHASIZED I I 150 IF J 4 THEN PRINT 14 CHR 27 jI S jCHR 3l DOUBLE STRIKE j 160 FOR K TO 6 170 IF K 1 THEN PRINT 14 CHR 27 B CHRS 31 180 IF K 2 THEN PRINT 14 CHR 27lj B CHR Z 190 IF K 3 THEN PRINT 14jCHR 27 j B jCHR IJj 200 IF K 4 THEN PRINT 14jCHR 27 jKS CHR 3 CHR 14 j 210 IF K 5 THEN PRINT 14jCHR 271 B CHR 21 CHRS 14l 220 ...

Page 177: ...SUB 2000 20 INPUT AS 25 IF A STOP THEN 160 26 IF AS CD THEN 500 30 GDSUB 1000 40 GOI0 20 100 IF N 1 THEN 160 05 FOR 1 1 TO N l 110 FOR J 1 TO CIII 120 PRINT CHRSIB1I Jl 130 NEXT J 140 PRINT 150 NEXT I 160 END 500 REI 50S GRAPHICS O PRINT ENTER YOUR COI AND S07 PRINT P1RINT Q UIT ElSe ClHRS 509 PRINT ________________________________ S10 INPUT DS 520 IF D E THEN 60SUB 700 530 IF D C THEN GOSUB 600 5...

Page 178: ... IAS J I 760 PRINT 14 CHR 27 jCHRt S 1 770 PRINT 14jCHR Kl 780 CLOSE 14 790 RETURN 800 RE 803 IF N 1 THEN 870 805 OPEN 14 8 O P 810 FOR 1 1 TO N l 820 FOR J 1 TO ell 930 PRINT t4 CHR IB I J 840 NEXT J 850 PRINT 14 860 NEXT I 965 CLOSE t4 870 RETURN 1000 RE 1010 FOR J I TO LEN AS 1020 B N J ASC A J 1030 NEXT J 1040 C NI LEN A 1045 N N l 1050 RETURN 2000 RE 2010 PRINT YOU CAN TYPE UP TO 22 STRINGS A...

Page 179: ...bO K INT 144 6tI If 2 THEN 2 70 PRINT 14 CHR 27l CHR SI CHR I 90 FOR J O TO 90 IF J 1 THEN PRINT 14 1 144 INCH SPACIN6 j8 60TO 110 100 PRINT 14 A j 110 FOR N I TO 40 PRINT 14 CHRS 241 NEXT N PRINT 14 120 NEXT J 140 NEXT I 150 PRINT 14 CHR 27 j 160 CLOSE 14 170 END Figure 8 3 is the vertical spacing program refer to Figure 6 5 amended for the Atari computer 10 OPEN 14 a O p 20 PRINT 14 CHR 27 j CHR...

Page 180: ...6l 40 PRINT 14 CHRS 162ljCHR 160 j 50 PRINT 14 CHR 271 2 60 CLOSE 14 END Figure 8 5 is the circle program presented in Chapter 7 amended for the Atari computer 10 OPEN 14 B O P 20 PRINT 14 CHRt 163Ij 30 PRINT 14jCHR 271 A CHR 6 40 PRINT 14 CHR lbO 50 CLOSE 14 END Figure 8 6 is the tilde program presented in Chapter 7 amended for the Atari computer 10 OPEN 14 B 0 P 20 PRINT 14 N jCHRS 13lj 30 PRINT...

Page 181: ... 224 170 DATA 239 234 239 233 239 224 224 239 224 239 224 224 180 DATA 239 239 224 239 239 224 224 234 239 233 224 224 190 DATA 234 233 224 234 233 224 224 224 239 224 224 224 200 DATA 224 224 224 224 224 224 224 234 233 224 224 224 210 DATA 224 224 224 224 224 224 224 239 224 224 224 224 Figure 8 8 is the Wy program refer to Figure 7 1 amended for the Atari computer 10 OPEN 14 B 0 P 0 PRINT 14jCH...

Page 182: ...39 239 239 239 239 239 239 239 239 251 224 Gemini User s Manual Figure 8 9 is the boat program refer to Figure 7 2 amended for the Atari computer 2 6RAPHICS 3 PRINT PRINT PRINT 4 PRINT THIS PR06RAM TAKES ABOUT 5 PRINT 4 KINUTES TO RUN PLEASE 6 PRINT TURN O YOUR PRINTER AND 7 PRINT STAND By 8 PRINT PRINT PRINT 8 10 FOR 1 1536 TO 1553 20 READ 0 0 POKE I D 40 NEXT I 50 DATA 104 104 133 20S 104 133 2G...

Page 183: ...IO 2115 Yl RAD SlN Rll IO 2120 l2 RADfCOS R2 10 2125 Y2 RADfSIN R2 10 2130 60SUe 4000 2140 NEXT AN6 000 RE SEND BIT I AGE TO PRINTER 3005 OPEN 4 B 0 P 3010 PRINT 14jCHR 27 j A CHR 61 3020 FOR RON O TO II 3040 PRINT t4 CHR 27 K CHR 119 CHR I 3050 FOR COl TO 7S 3052 FOR ll l TO 5 3054 RE INT BIT CDL RONll 3060 PRINT t4 CHR RE 30b5 NEXT Ll 3070 NEXT COL 3080 PRINT 14 3090 NEXT ROW 3100 PRINT 14 CHR 2...

Page 184: ...igure 8 10 is the graphics program refer to Figure 7 4 amended for the Atari computer 10 DI IS 20 RE DEFINE ESCAPE CHARACTERS 25 ES CHR 271 30 OPEN 14 8 O P 35 RE DEFINE PARA6RAPH SYMBOL IN PLACE 40 PRINT 14jESjCHR 42 CHRS 11 CHR b4 CHR OljCHRS ol 45 PRINT 14 CHRSI9J CHR O CHRS 9l CHR 118 CHR 9 jCHRS Olj 47 PRINT 14jCHRS 1271 CHR 0 50 RE SELECT DOWNLOADABLE CHARACTERS 60 PRINT 14 ES CHR 361 CHRS I...

Page 185: ...8 12 is the downloading copyright program refer to Figure 8 4 amended for the Atari computer 10 OIl ESI5 15 OPEN t4 B 0 P 20 REI DEFINE ESCAPE CHARACTERS 25 ES CHRS 27 27 REI COPY CHARACTERS TO RAil 28 PRINT 14 ES CHRS 42 CHRS 01 3S REI DEFINE COPYRI6HT SYMBOL IN PLACE 40 PRINT 4 ES CHRS 421 CHRS I CHRS b4 CHRS OljCHRS 2S 45 PRINT 14 CHR 341 CHR 73 CHRS 20 CHRS b5 CHR 20Ij 47 PRINT 14 CHR b5 CHRS ...

Page 186: ...S 1 CHR 38 CHR lJ CHR 2Bl 55 PRINT 14 CHR 34 CHR 73 CHR 20 jCHR bSl CHR 201 57 PRINT 14 CHR 6S CHR 34J CHRS 20 59 REM SELECT DOWNLOADABLE CHARACTERS 60 PRINT 14 E CHR 3b CHR 1 70 REM PRINT OUR NEW SYMBOL 90 PRINT t4 l 90 CLOSE 14 END Figure 8 14 is the downloading program presented in Figure 8 6 amend ed for the Atari computer 5 DIM 5 10 REM DEFINE ESC CHARACTER 20 E CHR 27 30 OPEN 14 8 O P 40 PRI...

Page 187: ...itches The only DIP switch that must be set in one position or the other is switch number 2 3 which must be off on your Gemini Switch number 2 2 should be set to off if you want Gemini to print every time it receives a CR code set the switch on if you wish to have the carriage return ignored and printing only when the buffer is full The Use of BASIC We recommend the use of Commodore s Advanced BAS...

Page 188: ...5 CPl t40 FOR N l TO SO PRINTj4 CHRS 2411 NEXT N PRINTI4 150 S6 11 ABC MS6S ZI X CHR 120 MS6 31 V CHRS 121 tbO FOR J I TO 4 170 IF 1 2 THEN PRINTt4 ITS t90 IF 3 1 THEN P INTt4 C NOR AL 190 I J 2 THEN PRINTt4 CM DDUBLE SiRIKE 200 IF J 3 THEN PRINTt4 C E PHASIZED n 210 IF J 4 THEN PRINTI4 C DOUBLE STRIKE 20 FOR K l TO 6 230 IF K l THEN PRINTI4 CM 40 IF K 2 THEN PR NTl4 ELtj 250 IF K 3 THEN PRINTt4 P...

Page 189: ... IF BS CHRS 13J THEN 60SUB 700 60TO 40 90 IF 9S CHR 4 THEN 60SUB 130 60TO 40 100 B ASCIBSI IF 8 64 THEN 8 B 64 102 POKE Z Xt40 Y B ASIX Y BS Y Y l 104 IF Y 40 THEN A X Yl CHRS 131 X X l Y O GOTO 40 120 POKE Z Xl40 Y ASC C 60TO 40 130 POKE Z U40 Y ASC Y Y l IF Y O THEN Y Q 35 AS X Y 1 140 POKE Z Xl40 Y ASC CS RETURN 150 MS CTRl PlRINT OIElETE R ESTART ElXIT IbO F 1984 GOSUB 800 170 RETURN 200 PRINT...

Page 190: ...F 5S C THEN GOSUB 530 50TO 400 390 IF 6 Q THEN 60TD 410 400 GOTO 360 410 RETURN 420 l O KS ESC F lQl0 50SUB 800 425 F 191 430 6ET 6 IF 6 R THEN 430 440 IF 6 CHP 131 THEN 480 450 M 6 F F 2 60SUB 800 470 SS ll 6 L L l GOTO 430 480 IF L 2 THEN 50SUB bOO 490 IF L 2 THEN sosue 650 500 IF L l THEN ST CHR 27 tS Ol O OPEN4 4 5IPRINT 4 ST ClOSE4 ST 515 FOR J l TO L STS Jl u NEXT J L C 520 F 1910 S0SUB SOO ...

Page 191: ...0TO 950 930 IF A b4 THEN A A b4 93S W Z U40 J 940 POKE II A 950 NEXT J 960 NEXT I 97Q RETURN I Figure C 2 is the word processing program refer to Figure 5 4 amended for the Commodore computer NOTE The only way to move the cursor around on the Commodore computer is to use the screen memory map We can specify the location on the screen and then POKE the character into memory Because of this limitati...

Page 192: ...170 EN Figure C 3 is the vertical spacing program refer to Figure 6 5 amended for the Commodore computer 0 OPEN4 4 S CMD4 20 PRINT CHRSI27 CHR 27 A CHR 6 10 FOR LINE TO 2 40 PRINT CHRS 271 k jCHPS 1141 CHRS O 50 FOR SPACE 1 TO 100 55 PRINT CHRS Olj NEXT SPACE o FOR COL 1 TO 14 70 READ C PRINT CHR CI NEX COL 30 PRINT NEXT LINE t10 DATA 14 16 34 64 140 140 128 129 140 140 64 34 16 14 100 DATA 224 16...

Page 193: ...C D 20 PRINT TABll CHR 163 CHR 27Ij A jCHR 6 30 PRINT CHRS 160 0 PRINTI4 CLOSE4 50 END Figure C 6 is the tilde program presented in Chapter 7 amended for the Commodore computer 10 OPEN4 4 5 C D4 20 PRINT TAB 20 RN CHRS 13 30 PRINT TAB 201 CHRS lb41iCHR 13 10 PRINT TAB 18 W CHRS 166 CHRS 32 iC R lb7 E CHR t3 50 PRINT TAB 20 CHR 165 CHR 131 bO PRINT TAB 201 S 70 PRINTI4 CLOSE4 Figure C 7 is the map ...

Page 194: ...224 239 224 239 224 234 233 224 234 233 224 17Q DATA 239 234 239 233 239 224 224 39 22 239 224 224 180 DATA 239 239 224 239 239 224 224 234 23Q 233 224 224 190 DATA 234 233 224 234 233 224 224 224 239 2 4 24 224 200 DATA 224 224 224 224 224 224 224 234 233 224 224 224 210 DATA 224 224 224 24 224 224 224 239 224 224 224 224 Figure C B is the Wy program refer to Figure 7 1 amended for the Commodore ...

Page 195: ... 239 239 239 239 239 23Q 23 239 25 ao DATA 253 239 23g 239 239 239 239 239 239 23Q 251 224 Figure C g is the boat program refer to Figure 7 2 amended for the Com modore computer SO PRINT CHR 147 bO FOR 1 1 TO 5 PRINT Ij NEXT I 70 PRINT THIS PR06RAM TAKES ABOUT TWO INUTES 80 PRINT rO RUN SO PLEASE TURN ON YOUR PRINTER 90 PRINT AND STAND By 100 REM ICRO PLOT 110 DIM BIT 76 12 1000 RE SET PROGRAM CON...

Page 196: ...OL ROW 3065 NEXT lL 3070 NEXT COL 3090 PRINTl4 3090 NEXT ROw 3100 FRINT 4 ClOSE4 3110 END 4000 REM DRAW ALINE FRO l Yl TO X2 Y2 4010 XL X2 Xl VL V2 YI 4020 NX ABSIXL XFACI I NY ABSIYL VFAC 4030 IF NX NY THEN NX NY 4040 NS1 INT NX l 4050 DX XL NSZ DY YL NS 4060 FOR I I TO MSt 4070 Xl Xl DX 4080 GOSUB 5000 4090 NEXT I 4100 RETURN Vi Yl DY 5000 REM PLOT APOINT AT XI Vl 5010 XX Xl XFAC YY YI YFAC 5020...

Page 197: ...C 11 is the downloading paragraph symbols program refer to Figure 8 2 amended for the Commodore computer I I O REM DEFINE ESCAPE CHARACTER 20 ESCS CHR 271 30 RE DEFINE COPYRIGHT SY BOL IN PLACE 35 OPEN4 4 5 CKD4 I 40 PRINT ESC CHRS 42 CHR 1 CHR b4 CHRS O jCHR 28 45 PRINT CHR 34 jCHR 73 CHRS 20 CHR bS jCHRS 20 j 47 PRINT CHRS bS CHRS 34 jCHRS 20 50 RE SELECT DOWNLOADABLE CHARACTERS 60 PRINT ESC jCH...

Page 198: ...d for the Commodore computer 0 REM DEFINE ESCAPE CHARACTER 20 ESC CHRS 27 22 OPEN4 4 5 CMD4 24 REM COpy CHARACTERS TO RA 25 PRINT ESCS CHR 421 CHRS 0 30 REM DEFINE COPYRI6HT SYMBOL IN PLACE 40 PRINT ESC CHRS 421 CHRS 1 CHRS 64 CHRSIO CHR 28 45 PRINT CHR 34 CHR 73 CHR 20 CHR 6SI C SI20 j 47 PRINT CHRS 651 CHRSI34 CHRS 201 49 RE DEFINE COPYRIGHT SY BOL IN PLACE OF 50 RINT ESCS CHRS 42 CHRS 1IjCHR 3S...

Page 199: ...40 OPEN4 4 S C D 50 PRINT ESCS CHRS 431jESCS E ESCSj W CHRS 1 jCHRSI30 60 RE ISSUE ACRO CO AND AND TRY PRINTING bS PRINT ESCS CHR 33 70 PRINT aEKPHASIZED AND EXPANDED BY ACRO 90 PRINTI4 CLOSE4 90 END II Figure C 1S is the macro commands program refer to Figure 8 7 amend ed for the Commodore computer 191 ...

Page 200: ...et according to your operational requirements Switch 2 2 should be set off if you want Gemini to print every time it receives a CR code set it on if you wish to have the carriage return ignored and printing only when the buffer is full The Use of BASIC All the example programs provided in this User s Manual are writ ten in BASIC for the IBM Personal Computer You may run them in IBM Microsoft BASIC...

Page 201: ...Xl15X IBM 25 Pin I 1 STROBE 1 STROBE 2 01 2 DO 1 3 02 3 01 4 03 4 02 5 04 5 03 6 05 6 04 7 06 7 05 8 07 8 06 9 08 9 07 10 ACK 10 ACK 11 BUSY 11 BUSY 12 PAGE ENO 13 SELECT 14 AUTOENO 32 ERROR 15 ERROR 16 INITIATE 17 SELECTION 16 SG 18 25 SG I 193 ...

Page 202: ...urn ignored and printing only when the buffer is full The Use of BASIC All the sample programs provided in this user s manual will run as is using Microsoft BASIC If you are a first time user you should start with the CPM software and reset the printer con figuration from serial to Centronics Then load MBASIC and go for it When you want to change the number of columns in printing substitute WIDTH ...

Page 203: ... Osborne I II Parallel Gemini 10XJ15X Osborne 1 2 01 1 DO 6 05 2 04 3 02 3 01 7 06 4 05 4 03 5 02 8 07 6 06 5 04 7 03 9 08 8 07 1 STROBE 11 STROBE 11 BUSY 15 BUSY 16 SG 16 SG 195 ...

Page 204: ... 6 CPI 5 CPI 140 FOR N 1 TO 80 LPRIHT CHRS 241 NEXT N 150 6S 1 ABC S6 2 X CHRS t2QI MS6 31 uY CHR 121 160 FOR J 1 TO 4 170 IF 1 2 THEN LPR1NT IT 180 IF J 1 THEN LPRINT C Si NOR AL 190 IF J 2 THEN LPRINT eMS i DOUBLE STRIKE 200 IF 1 3 THEN LPRINT C E PHASIZED 210 IF J 4 THEN LPRINT C S DOUBlE STRIKE i 220 FOR K l TO 6 230 IF K l THEN LPRINT C 40 IF K 2 THEN LPRINT EL 250 IF K 3 THEN LPRINT PCS 260 ...

Page 205: ...R 131 THEN GOSUB 700 60TO 40 90 IF BS CHRS 4 THEN 60SUB 130 50TO 40 100 PRINT FNL X Ylj PRINT B A X YI BS Y Y 110 IF Y 50 THEN AS X Y CHR 13 PRIHT CHR 71 X X l Y 1 60TO 40 120 PRINT FNL X Y j PRINT u 60TO 40 130 PRINT FNLSIX Y PRINT Y Y l IF Y O THEN Y l PRINT CHR 7Ij 135 AUX y 140 PRINT FNL X Y j PRINT RETURN 150 PRINT FNl 22 2 160 PRINT P RINTER ADIELETE ARlESTART AElXIT j 190 RETURN 200 PRINT F...

Page 206: ... 6 E THEN 60SUB 420 60TO 400 380 IF 6S C THEN G05UB 530 60TO 400 390 IF 6 80 THEN 60TO 410 400 60TO 360 410 RETURN 420 l O PRINT FNlSI20 41 PRINT Esc j 430 6S INkEYS IF 6S THEN 430 440 IF G CHRS 13 THEN 480 450 PRINT 6 460 PRINT j 470 5 ll 6 1 1 1 60TO 430 so IF 1 2 THEN 60sue BOO 490 IF 1 2 THEN sosue 950 500 IF 1 1 THEN STS CHRSI271 SSIO 510 LPRINT ST ST FOR J l TO I S Jl 512 NEXT J I O 520 PRIN...

Page 207: ...ne computer 0 LPRINT TAB 30 HI6H RESOLUTION VERTICAL SPACING 20 lPRINT TAB 30 USIN6 THE ESC 3 N CONTROL CODE 30 FOR 1 1 TO 30 40 IF 1 13 THEN GOTO 130 50 INTI144 btI IF 2 THEN 2 bO LPRINT CHR 27l CHR SlJ CHRSIIJ 70 FOR J O TO 90 IF J IH n EN LPRINT 1 144 INCH SPACING 50TO 100 90 LPRINT TAB 301 100 FOR N 1 TO 40 LPRINT CHR 241 NEXT N LPRINT I 110 NEXT J 130 NEXT I 140 lPRINT CHR 27I 150 END Figure ...

Page 208: ... a smile on your paper amended for the Osborne computer 10 lPRINT CHRS 163 jCHR 1bllj 20 LPRINT CHR 27 j A CHR 3 30 lPRINT CHRS lb2 CHRS lbO 40 lPRINT CHRS 27 2 50 END Figure E 5 is the circle program presented in Chapter 7 amended for the Osborne computer 10 lPRINT TAB 2 CHR 163 jCHR 27l A jCHR o 20 lPRINT CHRS 160 30 END Figure E 6 is the tilde program presented in Chapter 7 amended for the Osbo...

Page 209: ... 224 234 239 233 224 224 190 DATA 234 233 224 234 233 224 224 224 239 224 224 224 200 DATA 224 224 224 224 224 224 224 234 233 224 224 224 210 DATA 224 224 224 224 224 224 224 239 224 224 224 224 Figure E 8 is the Wy program refer to Figure 7 1 amended for the Osborne computer 10 lPRINT CHRS 27 j A jCHRS ol CHR 15 20 LPRINT CHR 27 j U jCHRS 1 30 FOR 1 1 TO 3 40 LPRINT CHRf 27 S jCHRS I SO RESTORE ...

Page 210: ...ES ABOUT TWO 40 PRINT INUTES TO RUN PLEASE TURN 50 PRINT ON YOUR PRINTER AND STAND BY 100 RE fCRO PLOT 110 01 BIT 75 12 1000 RE SET PROSRAft CONSTANTS 1010 ASKl ll 128 ASKl 4l 16 1020 ASKX 2 64 ASK S 8 1030 ASK 3 32 ASKXlb 4 1040 LX 20 LY 20 1050 XFAC 72 LX YFAC 75 LV 2000 RE PLOT CURVE 2010 RAD 9 2020 Xl 19 Yl 10 2030 FOR AN6 0 TO 360 STEP 10 2040 Rl AN61 6 28 3bO 2050 X2 RAD COS Rl 10 Y2 RADtSIN...

Page 211: ... FOR IX TO N51 4070 Xl Xl DX Yl Yl DY 4080 GCSUB 5000 4090 NEXT It 4100 RETURN SOOO RE PLOT APOINT AT XI Y 5010 XX Xl XFAC YY YltYFAC 5020 COLX INT XX 1 5030 RDII INT YV b 5040 XIT INT YY ROWXtb l 5050 BIT COL ROW BIT COL ROWX OR ASKX XITl 5060 RETURN Figure E 10 is the graphics program refer to Figure 7 4 amended for the Osborne computer 10 REK DEFINE ESCAPE CHARACTER 20 ESC CHRS 271 30 REK DEFIN...

Page 212: ...CHR 3bljCHR 70 REM PRINT OUR NEN SYMBOL eo LPRINT COpy RIGHT 1983 90 END Figure E 12 is the downloading copyright program refer to Figure 8 4 amended for the Osborne computer 10 REM DEFINE ESCAPE CHARACTER 20 ESCS CHR 27 24 REII COPY CHARACTERS TO ROM 2S LPRINT ESCS CHR 42 jCHRS 0 30 REM DEFINE COPYRIGHT SYMBOl IN PLACE OF 40 lPRINT ESC jCHR 42 CHRS 1 CHRS 64 CHR 0 CHR 28 j 45 lPRINT CHR 34 CHR 73...

Page 213: ...Rt I CHRS 2B 5S LPRINT CHR 341 CHRt 73 CHR 20IjCHR 6S1jCHR 20 j 57 LPRINT CHR 6SljCHRS 34IjCHR 20 59 REK SELECT DONNLOADABLE CHARACTERS 60 LPRINT ESCS CHR 36 CHR 1 70 REK PRINT OUR NEW SYMBOL SO LPRINT I 90 END Figure E 14 is the downloading program presented in Figure 8 6 amend ed for the Osborne computer 10 REK DEFINE ESCAPE CHARACTER 20 ESCS CHR 27 30 LPRINT ESCtjCHRS 431 ESC IE ESCSj V CHRS I ...

Page 214: ...s a CR code set to on if you wish to have the carriage return ignored and printing only when the buf fer is full The TRS 80 computer does not automatically send a line feed at the end of a line If you want to insert a line feed when for ex ample listing a program turn DIP switch number 2 4 to the on position The Use of BASIC 206 The Model II computer may need to be initialized to properly run the ...

Page 215: ...listing at the back of this Appendix Pin Configurations The following chart shows the pin outs for Gemini printers and the TRS 80 Models I and II with expansion interface Parallel Gemini 10X 15X Modell 1 STROBE 1 STROBE 2 01 3 D1 3 02 5 02 4 03 7 03 5 04 9 04 6 05 11 05 7 06 13 06 8 07 15 07 9 08 17 08 11 BUSY 21 READY Parallel Gemini 10X 15X Modelll 1 STROBE 1 STROBE 2 01 3 01 3 02 5 02 4 03 7 03...

Page 216: ...P RINT 130 lPRINT 17 CPI 12 CPI 10 CPI 8 5 CPI 6 CPI 5 CPI 140 FOR N 1 TO 8C LPRINT CHR 241 j NEXT N LPRINT 150 Mlf ABC 2 X CHRS 120 3 Y CHR 121 160 FOR J l TO 4 170 IF 1 2 THEN LPRINT IT 180 IF J l THEN LPRINT CKSj NORKAL 190 IF J 2 THEN lPRINT CMSj DOU9LE STRIKE j 200 IF J 3 THEN lPRIHT C j EI IPHASIZED j 210 IF J 4 THEN LPRINT CI I OOUBLE STRIKE 220 OR K l TO b 230 IF K l THEN LPRINT CI I j 240...

Page 217: ...S X Y BS PRINT XSb4 Y X X l Y OIPRINT X b4 Y CS 60TO 40 90 IF B CHR B THEN 60SUB 130 60TO 40 100 PRINT X b4 Y B AS X Y BS Y Y l 110 IF Y 62 THEN A IX Y CHR 13 X X l Y 0 60TO 40 120 PRINT X b4 Y CSj 60TO 40 130 PRINT Xl64 Y Y Y l IF Y O THEN Y O 140 A X Y PRINT X 64 Y C j RETURN 150 PRINT IS 64 0 BACK SPCAE PRINT CLEAR RESTART EXIT j RETURN 200 PRINT 7 64 20 PLEASE STAND BY 20S FOR 1 0 TO X FOR J O...

Page 218: ...FOR J 1 TO I D D S J NEXT J ST CHR 27 S OJ CHP VAL D 0 490 IF 1 2 THEN 5TS CHR 27 S 0 CHRS VAL S I 500 IF 1 1 THEN STS CHR 27 S O 510 LPRINT ST ST FOR J 1 TO I S J u NEXT J I O 520 PRINT 13 64 2 STRING 20 RETURN 530 PRINT 13l64 3 CHR ST o 540 6S INKEY IF 6 0 THEN 540 550 IF 6 CHR 13 THEN 570 560 PRINT 6 5T 5T 6 60TO 540 570 PRINT 13t64 2 STRIN6S 20 i SBO LPR1NT CHR VALISTS ST o RETURN Figure F 2 i...

Page 219: ...LPRINT CHR Clj NEXT COL 70 LPRINT NEXT LI 90 DATA 14 16 34 64 140 140 128 128 140 140 64 34 16 14 90 DATA 224 16 232 68 34 18 18 18 19 34 68 232 16 224 100 LPRINT CHR Z7 ILPRINTILPRINT LPRINT Figure F 4 is the dot graphics program presented in Chapter 6 the one that puts a smile on your paper amended for the TRS 80 10 LPRINT CHR 1631 CHRf 161 CHRf 27 A CHRf 6 ZO LPRINT CHR 162 CHR lbO CHR Z71 IZ 3...

Page 220: ...224 224 224 224 224 92 DATA 239 224 224 224 239 224 239 224 224 224 239 224 93 DATA 239 224 239 224 239 224 234 233 224 234 233 224 94 DATA 239 234 239 233 239 224 224 239 224 239 224 224 95 DATA 239 239 224 239 239 224 224 234 239 233 224 224 96 DATA 234 233 224 234 233 224 224 224 239 224 224 224 97 DATA 224 224 224 224 224 224 224 234 233 224 224 224 9B DATA 224 224 224 224 224 224 224 239 224 ...

Page 221: ... 239 239 239 239 239 251 224 99 lPRINT NEXT K 100 LPRINT CHR 27 END I Figure F 9 is the boat program refer to Figure 7 2 amended for the TRS BO I I I 10 CLS PRrNT PRINT PRINT ft 20 PRINT THIS PR06RA TAKES ABOUT 4 INUTES TO RUNS 30 PRINT PLEASE TURN ON YOUR PRINTER AND STAND BY 100 DI BITk 76 12 110 ASKl li 12B ASKI 4 16 20 ASKI 2 b4 KASKX S B 130 ASKi 3 32 KASnW 4 40 U 20 LY 20 150 XFAC 72fLI YFAC...

Page 222: ...3050 DX XL N5X DY YL NS 3060 FOR 1 1 TO NS1 3070 Xl Xl DX Vl Vl DY 080 SOSUB 4000 3090 NEXT 3100 RETURN 4000 RE PLOT APOINT AT XI YI 4010 XX XllXFAC YY YI VFAC 4020 COl INT XX ll 4030 ROW INT VVi6 4040 XJT INT VV 6 RONl 1 lOSO BIT COL ROWI BIT COL ROW OR ASK XIT l 4060 RETURN 5000 FOR 1 0 TO II FOR J I TO 75 SOlO IF BIT J I 12 THEN BIT7 J Il 14 5020 NEXT NEXT RETURN Figure F 10 is the graphics pro...

Page 223: ...SELECT DOWNLDADABLE CHARACTERS 60 LPRIHT ESCS CHR 36 CHRS 1 70 REM PRINT OUR NEW SYMBOL SO LPRINT COPY RIGHT 1983 90 END Figure F 12 is the downloading copyright program refer to Figure 8 4 amended for the TRS 80 10 RE DEFINE THE ESCAPE CHARACTER 20 ESC CHR 1m 24 REM COpy CHARACTERS TO RA 25 LPRINT ESC jCHR 42 CHR 0 30 REM DEFINE COPYRIGHT SY BOL IN PLACE OF 40 LPRINT ESC CHR 42 CHR I jCHR 64 CHR ...

Page 224: ...CHRS 20 jCHR b5 jCHRS 20 jCHRS 6S jCHRS 34JjCHR 20 O REM SELECT DOWNLOADA8LE CHARACTERS 60 LPRINT ESC jCHRS 3b jCHR 1 j 70 REM PRINT OUR NEW SYMBOL 80 LPRINT QO END Figure F 14 is the downloading program presented in Figure 8 6 amend ed for the TRS 80 10 REM DEFINE ESCAPE CHARACTER 20 ESCS CHRS 27 30 REM DEFINE MACRO TO BE EMPHASIZED AND EXPANDED TEXT 40 LPRINT ESCS CHRS 43 jESCSj E ESCSj W CHR 1 ...

Page 225: ...remove the packing and attach the paper handling accessories CHECKLIST FOR FIRST OPENING THE BOX When you first open the shipping purchase carton for your Gemini printer you should find the following items CHECKLIST FOR YOUR NEW GEMINI o one Gemini printer o one paper guide a smaller metal rack o one paper separator a metal rack o one roll paper holder a formed metal bar o one holder shaft a long ...

Page 226: ...ems for the Gemini 10X and Figure G 2 presents them for the Gemini 15X iO a Figure G 1 The Gemini 10X packing list Legend a printer f holder shaft b printer cover g ink ribbon c paper guide h spare fuse d paper separator i user s manual e roll paper holder j warranty 218 I I ...

Page 227: ...KING FROM INSIDE THE PRINTER Your Gemini came to you nestled in foam plastic cushions Packing material was also placed inside your printer to secure the print head and platen during shipping Figure G 3 identifies the packing material that you need to remove from inside Gemini prior to operation 219 ...

Page 228: ...l the cardboard packing before using your Gemini 220 First you need to remove the cardboard packing shown in Figure G 3 Note You might want to save these packing materials in case you move or in case you need to ship your Gemini printer After you remove the platen securing packing while your printer is turned off turn the platen knob to roll out the sheet of paper that is wrapped around the platen...

Page 229: ...wo packing screws Figure G 4 illustrates the bottom of the Gemini 15X which has a slot for feeding sprocket paper through the printer s underneath called bottom pass If you have a Gemini 10X the underside of your printer will not loukexactly like the Gemini 15X but there are only two screws that can be removed so you can t go wrong Note You should save the screws too It s a good idea to tape the s...

Page 230: ...ld paper Rolls of paper For individual sheets of paper you don t need any of these paper feeding attachments However for sprocket fed paper you need to attach the paper separator and paper guide as shown in Figures G 5 and G 6 Note To insert these paper feeding accessories insert one side then gently bend back the other protruding end until it slips into place Paper separator Paper guide Figure G ...

Page 231: ...on both printers Anothernote Be sure you don t get these racks in upside down When you are finished they should look like the Gemini s illustrated in Chapter 2 Figures 2 4 through 2 6 and 2 8 through 2 13 The purpose of these racks is to uniformly feed the paper roll type or sprocket fed between them and into the printing unit Thus you should keep these racks free from obstacles such as paper clip...

Page 232: ...nter On the Gemini 15X the identical holder attaches in the same manner but instead of in the middle toward one side away from the electrical plug The paper holder is the rack that holds the roll of paper much the same as some types of paper towel dispensers The roll of paper is placed on a holder shaft as shown in Figure G 8 Roll paper holder I Figure G 7 The roll paper holder is attached to the ...

Page 233: ...the printer Chapter 2will show you how to load the paper and the ink ribbon Chapter 3 introduces the Gemini Self Test Chapter 4 shows you how to connect Gemini to your computer supported by Appendices A through F which are responsive to specific computer systems Chapter 5 is a quick course in putting Gemini to work for you The remaining chapters and appendices provide specialized and technical inf...

Page 234: ...6 122 I3B 6 f54 F I7D V Is6 f f102 BEL17 7 G W 9 103 f23 139 55 171 87 BS Is 24 40 8 f56 H 172 X laB h f104 HT 19 25 41 9 157 I 173 Y 89 ir105 LF 110 58 J Z jflOs 10 I2B 142 174 90 VT 11 ESC127 159 K k 11 27 143 75 91 I1D7 FF 12 L I 12 128 144 160 176 f92 rws CR Ii3 29 r 5 161 M m 13 f77 f93 IiD9 SO f14 RS f30 N nfilO 14 30 46 162 78 194 SI 115 G1 0 f95 0 15 47 163 79 I1i1 226 p f112 qf113 r Ii14 ...

Page 235: ...171 l 156 in 157 0 rm f158 rrn 0 r 59 f175 Tx A rm f192 2Os A 1177 a f193 A Iz09 0 Q 0 rm f194 Iz10 B U 179 195 I2i1 C a Ii80 1196 I2i2 of JA N f1sl f197 f213 Q 0 a f182 fi98 f2i4 5 b I1ii3 f199 1215 L t u f184 f200 z16 a J f1s5 izijl rm 00 E e 1186 Iio2 f218 n e f187 1203 f2i9 14 U f188 Fo4 run 8 X e r189 205 Iz21 X 1 2 n f190 l206 f222 f191 II f I2D7 rm SP r rrn ill 241 Iz42 T rm f243 1228 f f24...

Page 236: ... 137 5 E U e u 15 Iz1 37 153 169 Is5 f101 f117 1 1 6 F V f v Is 122 Fa 154 I7D Is6 IlOz 1118 BEL 7 G W g w 17 Iz3 139 155 171 js7 I1D3 f119 BS 8 H X h x Is I4D 156 172 IsS 11D4 I12D HT 9 I Y Y 19 f25 41 73 89 1105 Ii21 LF J Z j z flO f26 42 58 74 J90 fiOi 1122 VT ESC K k 11 27 f43 59 75 191 I1D7 f123 FF L I 112 128 44 60 76 192 IlDs 1124 CR M J m 113 129 145 161 177 193 i109 f125 so RS f30 N n rv ...

Page 237: ...I ASCII Code Charts I Notes II I I II I 229 ...

Page 238: ...80 96 112 128 144 160 176 192 208 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C 0 0 P P Tx A 1 A Q a q DC1 A a A 2 B R b r DC2 I 9 b 3 C S c s DC3 r 9 U 4 D T d t DC4 t C a 5 E U e u OF I N 6 F V f Q a v 7 G W 9 w BEL a 0 8 H X h x BS 0 l t u 9 I Y i Y HT l1 a f3 J Z j z LF V 00 E e K k VT ESC t n e L I FF l 4 U M 1 m CR X e N n SO RS X 2 ii 0 0 DEL SI D II f 0 p P 1 A Q a q 2 8 R b r 3 C S c s 4 0 T d t 5 E U e u 6 F V f ...

Page 239: ...64 91 92 93 94 96 123 124 125 126 f ON ON ON ESC 70 U S A 1 I I I OFF ON ON ESC 7 1 England 1 I ON OFF ON ESC 7 2 Germany I A 0 U a 0 U 0 OFF OFF ON ESC 7 3 Denmark I E l A ce I t ON ON OFF ESC 7 4 France a 0 e u 0 OFF ON OFF ESC 7 5 I Sweden E A i A o e a 0 I i i ON OFF OFF ESC 7 6 Italy 0 _alili L e u N r OFF OFF OFF ESC 7 7 Spain i i I n I L 231 ...

Page 240: ... I CHARACTER STYLE TABLES 32 1 nl 341 351 36 1 37 1 38B 391 4 1 411 421 43 1 441 451 461 471 48 1 491 5 1 511 52 1 53 1 541 551 56 1 571 581 591 001 611 621 631 232 ...

Page 241: ... Character Styles 11 64 65 661i 67 681 691 701 711 721 731 741 751 761 771 781 791 OO 81 82 I I I 871 88I 891 90 I 91I 921 931 941 95 1 233 ...

Page 242: ... Gemini User s Manual 96 1 97 1 98 1 991 100 I 101 1 102 1 103 1 104 1 105 1 106 1 107 1 108 1 109 1 110M 1111 1121 113 1 1141 115 1 116 1 1171 118 1 119m 120 1 121 I 1221 123 1 1241 125 I 126 1 234 ...

Page 243: ...acter Styles K I 160 1 161 1 162 1 163 1 164 1 165 1 166 1 167 1 168 1 169 1 170 1 1711 1721 173 1 1741 175 1 176 1 1771 178 1 179 1 180 1 181 1 182 1 183 1 184 1 185 1 186m 187 1 I 188m 189 1 190 1 191 1 235 ...

Page 244: ...ni User s Manual 192 1 193 1 194 1 195m 196 1 197 1 198 1 1991 200 1 201 1 202 1 203 1 204 I 205 1 206 1 207 1 I 208 1 209B 210 1 2111 2121 213 1 2141 215 I 216 1 2171 218 I 219 1 I 220 1 2211 2221 223 1 236 ...

Page 245: ... Character Styles 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232_ 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 245 246 247 244 248_ 249 250m 251 252 253 254 I 237 ...

Page 246: ... Gemini User s Manual 32 1 I I I 36 1 37 1 38 1 39 1 40 1 411 421 43 1 441 451 46 1 471 48 1 49B 50 1 51 1 52 1 53 1 541 551 56 1 571 58 1 59 1 60 1 61 1 62 1 63 1 238 ...

Page 247: ... Character Styles I 64 1 65 1 661 67 1 I 661 69B 70 1 711 I 721 73 1 741 751 I I 76 1 771 78 1 79B 80 1 81 1 82 1 83 1 I 84 1 85 1 86 1 87 1 I 881 89B 90 1 91 1 92 1 93 1 94 1 95 1 239 ...

Page 248: ... I Gemini User s Manual I 97 1 001 001 100 1 101 1 102 1 103 1 104 1 105 1 106 1 107 1 108 1 109 1 110 1 1111 1121 113 1 1141 115 1 116 1 1171 118 1 119B 120 1 1211 1221 123 1 1241 125 1 126 1 240 ...

Page 249: ...K I I I L _ CPU i r t I L T I I I Ir R l 4KI8K L _________ J 4K 18K Buffer _J Serial Serial Data Intertace rd tio Board 1 ___________________ optional I L _______ 1 ROM 18K ROM 4K Control CPU RAM 12K Timer Print head Carriage molor Paper leed motor Operation panel Detectors DIP sWitches 241 ...

Page 250: ...T position where programmed by ESC P nn n I NUL Default value is set every 6 lines FF 12 140 OC 8C Paper is fed to the print start line on next page by preset program header I line after buffer data is printed CR 13 141 00 80 CR code causes printout of buffer and I if DIP switch 2 4 auto line feed is in on position CR and 1 line is fed automatically I SO ESC SO 14 142 OE 8E Turns on double width c...

Page 251: ...hanges line feed length to 1 6 ESC 3 n 51 n 33 n This code changes line feed length to nI144 The value of n can be from 1 to 127 ESC4 52 34 This code selects character ROM set of italic characters I ESC 5 53 35 This code cancels ESC 4 ESC 7 n 55 n 37 n This code selects the international character set ESC 8 56 38 This code enables printing even though paper out sensor switch is I on ESC 9 57 39 Ca...

Page 252: ... of columns are determined n1 n2 x 255 ESC L n1 n2 76 n1 n2 4C n1 n2 960 dots pitch of bit image column scan mode is selected Number of columns are determined n1 n2 x 255 ESC M n 77n 4D n Sets LH margin Value of n can be up to maximum number of CPI But in case of a 7 bit interface up to 127 ESC N n 78 n 4E n Sets skip over perforation to n lines ESC 0 79 4F Resets skip over perforation to zero lin...

Page 253: ...1 m2 121 n1 n2 m1 m2 ESC z n1 n2m1 m2 122 n1 n2 m1 m2 Hexl decimal Function 5701 Double wide pitch print mode is selected 5700 Cancels ESC W 1 mode 5901 Enables buzzer 5900 Disables buzzer 79 n1 n2 m1 m2 Prints dual density graphics with double speed 7A n1 n2 m1 m2 Prints quadruple density graphics 245 ...

Page 254: ... signal goes low the data is read Pins 2 through 9 carry the data in 7 bit or 8 bit bytes When the data is 1 the signal level is high and the level goes down when the data is 0 Pins 10 and 11 carry the handshake signals ACK and BUSY ACK is a pulse signal with a pulse width of approximately 9 microseconds which is generated when the data is received When this pulse signal has been completed the nex...

Page 255: ...t Online mode Indicator 14 N C unused 15 NIC unused 16 SIGNALGND Signal ground 17 CHASSISGND Frame ground 18 5VDC Output External 5VDC Power max 50ma 19 30 Twisted pair Return signals conveyed by returns for twlsted pair cable Pins 1 12 31 INPUT PRIME Input Resets printer clears buffer and initializes 32 ERROR Output Indicates offline mode 33 EXTGND External ground 34 35 NIC unused 36 NIC TTL high...

Page 256: ...low the printer is initialized and the memory buffer is cleared Another output signal ERROR is carried by pin 32 When Gemini is off line or disabled by an abnormal state the ERROR signal goes low Pins 14 15 34 35 and 36 are unused Signal Name Circuit Example Input DATA 1 8 4 7 k Q 74LS compatible STROBE 74LS compatible 4 7 470pF Output 4 7okQ j compatible BUSY ACK Figure N 2 Sample circuit for par...

Page 257: ... Para lellnterface Information II Notes 249 ...

Page 258: ... 48 00110000 30 13 00001101 00 49 00110001 31 14 00001110 OE 50 00110010 32 15 00001111 OF 51 00110011 33 16 00010000 10 52 00110100 34 17 00010001 11 53 00110101 35 I 18 00010010 12 54 00110110 36 19 00010011 13 55 00110111 37 20 00010100 14 56 00111000 38 21 00010101 15 57 00111001 39 22 00010110 16 58 00111010 3A 23 00010111 17 59 00111011 38 24 00011000 18 60 00111100 3C 25 00011001 19 61 0011...

Page 259: ...85 90 01011010 5A 134 10000110 86 91 01011011 58 135 10000111 87 92 01011100 5C 136 10001000 88 93 01011101 50 137 10001001 89 94 01011110 5E 138 10001010 8A 95 01011111 5F 139 10001011 88 96 01100000 60 140 10001100 8e 97 01100001 61 141 10001101 80 98 01100010 62 142 10001110 8E 99 01100011 63 143 10001111 8F 100 01100100 64 144 10010000 90 101 01100101 65 145 10010001 91 102 01100110 66 146 100...

Page 260: ...1111 BF 168 10101000 A8 192 11000000 CO 169 10101001 A9 193 11 1 C1 170 10101010 AA 194 11000010 C2 171 10101011 AB 195 11000011 C3 172 10101100 AC 196 11000100 C4 173 10101101 AD 197 11000101 C5 174 10101110 AE 198 11000110 C6 175 10101111 AF 199 11000111 C7 176 10110000 BO 200 11001000 C8 177 10110001 B1 201 11001001 C9 178 10110010 B2 202 11001010 CA 179 10110011 B3 203 11001011 CB 180 10110100...

Page 261: ...01111 EF 216 11011000 D8 240 11110000 FO 217 11011001 D9 241 11110001 F1 218 11011010 DA 242 11110010 F2 219 11011011 DB 243 11110011 F3 220 11011100 DC 244 11110100 F4 221 11011101 OD 245 11110101 F5 222 11011110 OE 246 11110110 F6 223 11011111 OF 247 11110111 F7 224 11100000 EO 248 11111000 F8 225 11100001 E1 249 11111001 F9 226 11100010 E2 250 11111010 FA 227 11100011 E3 251 11111011 FB 228 111...

Page 262: ...rouped into a 7 unit or 8 unit entity called a byte which conveys data in a computer system Byte is the standard unit for measuring computer memory that consists of a grouping of adjacent binary digits such as 00000111 to represent the quantity 7 which are manipulated as a unit by the computer A byte can represent one character Buffer is a temporary storage area that is used to balance the differe...

Page 263: ...OM and RAM 8V DC used to hold the positions of the motors and as a power supply to reset the timing circuit 24V DC used to drive the solenoids of the print head and the motors Down Loading Down Loadable Character Sets is the ability to transfer programmed character codes from a computer to a receptive peripheral device Gemini 10X 15X that contains storage RAM for such down loading of specially cre...

Page 264: ...024 bytes Computer memory is often expressed in terms of K LED see Diode Line Feed LF is a paper advancing function that is initiated by pressing the LF button on the control panel of your Gemini When this button is depressed the paper advances one line when this switch is held down consecutive paper feeds result for as long as the button is depressed Local defines a condition in which the communi...

Page 265: ...or from user input Read Only Memory ROM is a type of main memory that comes from the manufacturer with data or programs that cannot be modified by the user Unlike most RAMs the contents of a ROM are not lost by turning the power off Resolution is the degree of detail that the user can obtain with different printing modes The Gemini printers offer 60 x 72 low resolution 120 x 144 high resolution an...

Page 266: ...ondensed type 62 63 66 125 connecting cables 53 54 consumer response 261 control board 6 8 control codes 123 140 242 245 back cover control curcuit block diagram 251 258 control panel 1 2 5 6 cover 217 219 CPU 47 48 decimal codes 59 226 230 250 253 DIP switches 1 2 49 53 dot graphics 90 97 108 136 double strike mode 64 67 73 85 downloadable characters 115 121 137 138 elite printing 12 CPI 65 67 85...

Page 267: ... 249 pin out charts 163 177 193 195 207 pins 246 248 platen knob 1 2 plotting characters 102 104 power unit 6 7 print commands see BASIC and function codes print head 3 4 37 81 83 146 147 programs in BASIC 63 76 77 89 97 105 107 111 112 117 119 121 RAM 241 ready lamp 5 release lever 16 17 reset function see initialization ribbon loading 32 37 roll paper holder shaft 4 217 219 ROM 241 self test 39 ...

Page 268: ... 260 ...

Page 269: ...ser s Manual are interested in receiving any comments or suggestions that you the consumer may have regarding this publication Please direct your response to The Publisher Gemini User s Manual c o Star Micronics Inc P O Box 1630 EI Toro California U S A 92630 261 ...

Page 270: ... I 262 ...

Page 271: ...CS INC P O Box 1630 EI Toro CA 92630 714 768 4340 STAR MICRONICS INC P O Box 612186 Dallas Ft Worth Airport TX 75261 214 456 0052 STAR MICRONICS INC 888 Washington Street Suite 311 Dedham MA 02026 617 329 8560 STAR MICRONICS INC 500 Park Blvd Suite 645 Itasca ILL 60143 312 773 3717 263 ...

Page 272: ... 264 ...

Page 273: ...ation If this equipment does cause interference to radio or tele vision reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient the receiving antenna Relocate the computer with respect to the receiver Move the computer away from the receiver Plug the computer into a different o...

Page 274: ... Pin 8 01 P SWITCH 2 Pin 1 Pin 2 Pin 3 Pin 4 Contingent on pin no 4 ON See Figure 4 5 Normal Emphasized ON 10 CPI 17 CPI ON Contingent on pin no 1 ON See Figure 4 5 inch y inch ON Combinations of ON switch settings ON produce varied output ON See Figure 4 6 When When ON OFF Factory Setting Signals paper outiNo signal ON Prints at Prints at OFF full buffer each CR code 7 bit inter ace B bit inter a...

Page 275: ...2 next page ESC 0 CR prints out buffer see DIP nn n NUL clears current horizontal Switch No 2 4 tabs and sets new tabs SO ESC SO turns on double width print n 1 to 255 for 8 bits mode n 1 to 127 for 7 bits SI ESC SI turns on compressed print ESC E selects emphasized print mode mode DC1 selects printer ESC F cancels ESC E DC2 cancels SI mode ESCG selects double strike DC3 deselects printer ESC H ca...

Page 276: ...IL lr MV mlcronlcs Inc THE POWER BEHINDTHE PRINTED WORD PRINTED IN JAPAN 12 83 ...

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