V1.0
RUNGU Electric Juggernaut Mid-Drive Version (MDV) User Manual
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2018 model year
Copyright 2018 Standard Bearer Machines, LLC
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Battery Safety (In Depth)
Main reasons a battery packs fail
Battery packs can fail when the BMS fails or is over-ridden allowing the following to occur:
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Short-circuit
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Over-charging
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voltage higher than tolerated by cells
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Forced over-discharge
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more current than the battery can source
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Excessive heat or incineration
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Crush, puncture, or disassembly
Standard Bearer Machines uses batteries that are tolerant of adverse conditions, but these very active
chemical systems have limitations. Certain hazards are associated with exposure to heat and its
subsequent effects on sealed cells. These hazards include the potential for cell venting, explosion,
and/or fires. The initial source of heat can be external (welding, soldering, etc.) or internal such as
heating caused by short circuiting, excessive running currents for prolonged periods of time, forced
over-discharge, charging, or excessive mechanical abuse. Specifically, mechanical abuse in the form of
excessive shock or vibration can result in case deformation, crushing, and damage to the electrode
materials.
Warning: Not guarding against these conditions may result in a hot cell or a battery pack that could
vent or explode.
Only trained and equipped emergency responders should respond to an incident with hot or vented cell.
Consult federal, state, and local regulations for emergency response regulations.
Hot Cells
A hot cell is a condition that arises due to a short circuit of the cell or battery, either internal or external.
The cell/battery temperature rises as the event continues which can lead to the cell reaching critical
temperature and the potential to vent or explode.
Vented Cells
It is unlikely that any lithium battery would explode. These events are rare and are usually the result of
an abusive condition or misuse that raises the cell temperature above its critical point.
In the event of a lithium battery explosion, a room can quickly fill with a dense white smoke that can
cause severe irritation to the respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. Limit exposure to these fumes.
