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Acronyms and Abbreviations

ACM

Adaptive Coding and Modulation

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

ATPC

Automatic Transmit Power Control

CLI

Command Line Interface – refers to both Serial access and SSH access

ETSI

European Telecom Standard

FCC

Federal Communications Commission

IDU

Indoor Unit

Intermediate Frequency

In-band

Communications which occur within the RF-Link established for payload

LTE

Long Term Evolution

MTBF

Mean Time Before Failure

NMS

Network Management System

ODU

Outdoor Unit

Out-of-band

Communications which occur outside the RF-Link established for payload

Power Amplifier

POE

Power Over Ethernet

QoS

Quality of Service

RSL

Receive Signal Level

RSSI

Receive Signal Strength Indication

RTPC

Remote Transmit Power Control – ETSI term.

Receive or Receiver

TBD

To be determined

Transmit or Transmitter

Summary of Contents for SKYWAY-EM

Page 1: ...1 SKYWAY EM SERIES Indoor Long Haul PTP Microwave Radio System User s Guide September 2012 Rev 1 1 ...

Page 2: ... or for incidental or consequential damage in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this document or equipment supplied with it Information to User Any changes or modifications of equipment not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user s authority to operate the equipment and the warranty for such equipment Disclaimer In accordance with Solectek s continuing efforts...

Page 3: ...s using the radio s Web GUI These procedures include setting up network management and configuring the optional serial connection Chapter 4 Testing the Radio on the Air This chapter provides information on configuring the allowable parameters according to each of the 4 user selected radio transmitting modes Chapter 5 Alarms and Troubleshooting This chapter provides basic information on identifying...

Page 4: ...Frequency In band Communications which occur within the RF Link established for payload LTE Long Term Evolution MTBF Mean Time Before Failure NMS Network Management System ODU Outdoor Unit Out of band Communications which occur outside the RF Link established for payload PA Power Amplifier POE Power Over Ethernet QoS Quality of Service RSL Receive Signal Level RSSI Receive Signal Strength Indicati...

Page 5: ...tures 16 1 8 Branching Unit BU Specifications 16 2 Installing and Configuring RFU 24 2 1 Installation Procedure 24 2 2 Basic Configuration 30 2 3 Alarm and Troubleshooting 34 3 RFU Maintenance and Upgrade 37 3 1 Replacing a Transceiver 38 3 2 Replacing a Branching Unit 40 3 3 Replacing a Filter 42 3 4 Removing the RFU from the Rack 44 3 5 Replacing a Fan Assembly 46 3 6 Replacing an RF Cable 47 3 ...

Page 6: ...re commonly implemented in licensed microwave links Figure 1 1 SkyWay EM Signal Processing Unit SPU Radio Frequency Unit RFU The RFU functions consists of IF to carrier RF signal conversion and power amplification in the Tx chain and similar down conversion in the Rx chain An RFU is similar to an ODU in split architecture except that an RFU has an additional component called Branching Unit BU whic...

Page 7: ...requency plans Frequency step sizes 5 kHz for L6 U6 7 and 8 GHz 125 kHz for 11 GHz ANSI bandwidth range 3 75 to 40 MHz Upgradability Field flexible and upgradable Configurability System highly configurable Noise figure at antenna port 1 0 configuration 4 5 dB 5 0 dB for 11 GHz Max IF 350 MHz Tx 140 MHz Rx IF Power supply Wide mouth 20 to 60 V with any polarity Other operation mode Eco Mode offerin...

Page 8: ...ble allows for transmitting the IF signals between the RFU and the SPU The coaxial cable also carries the telemetry signals between the SPU and the RFU Figure 1 5 provides a general look at the RFU s architecture Figure 1 5 Basic RFU Architecture The RFU houses up to two Transceivers per shelf and a BU that connects the RFU to one or several antennas through elliptical waveguide s ...

Page 9: ... receivers with IF Combiner Branching Unit consisting of Tx RF filter s Rx RF filter s Branching circulators In a 1 1 MHSB or a 1 1 MHSB SD system The BU is equipped with a RF relay switch Only one transmitter is transmitting the RF relay switch selects one of the two hot Tx outputs to be connected to the antenna The standby Tx is continuously monitored for alarm Several Branching Unit Supported O...

Page 10: ...ruption 1 0 Repeater Figure 1 12 Back to back 1 0 repeater configuration installed in single RFU shelf 1 0 Tx SD Rx Repeater Figure 1 13 Back to back 1 0 Tx SD Rx repeater configuration installed in single RFU shelf 1 0 East and Tx SD Rx West Repeater Back to back repeater configuration with 1 0 on the East side and 1 0 Tx SD Rx on the West side all installed in a single RFU shelf Figure 1 6 1 0 U...

Page 11: ...11 Figure 1 8 1 1 MHSB Tx SD Rx Configuration Figure 1 9 1 0 Tx SD Rx Configuration ...

Page 12: ...12 Figure 1 10 1 1 FD or 2 0 Configuration Figure 1 11 1 0 MHSB Ready Configuration ...

Page 13: ...13 Figure 1 12 1 0 East West Repeater Configuration Figure 1 13 1 0 Tx SD Rx East West Repeater Configuration ...

Page 14: ...uipped with high power PA module or very high power PA module cover their respective band with a single transceiver 1 5 System Level Specifications Minimum T T when Sharing the Same Antenna Port Frequency GHz Channel Bandwidth MHz Minimum T T MHz 30 MHz RF filters 40 MHz RF filters 6 29 65 30 60 N A 7 8 30 60 N A 11 30 40 60 80 6 7 8 Equal or less than 20 50 N A 11 60 70 Minimum Innermost T R when...

Page 15: ...n the following table Attenuation Range 256QAM 128QAM 64QAM 32QAM 16QAM QPSK dB 19 20 21 22 23 24 ATPC Range values for various configurations are summarized in the following table ATPC Range 256QAM 128QAM 64QAM 32QAM 16QAM QPSK dB 19 20 21 22 23 24 Transmit Output Power Table dBm High Power GHz Very High Power GHz 6 7 8 11 6L 6U 7 8 11 QPSK 34 0 33 5 33 5 31 0 35 0 35 0 34 5 34 5 32 0 16QAM 33 0 ...

Page 16: ...m Receive AGC response speed 100 dB s RSL display accuracy dB 2 between 20 and 75 dBm or 10 6 threshold level whichever comes first 3 between 75 and 90 dBm or 10 6 threshold level whichever comes first Receive local oscillator frequency L6 U6 7 GHz 8 GHz 11 GHz Step Size kHz 5 5 5 125 Receive frequency stability including aging 7 ppm Receiver return loss at BU antenna port 24 dB 1 8 Branching Unit...

Page 17: ...equency Band Wave Guide Flange L6 WR 137 CPR 137G U6 WR 137 CPR 137G 7 GHz WR 112 CPR 112G 8 GHz WR 112 CPR 112 G 11 GHz WR 90 CPR 90G The following chart is for termination port flange Frequency Band Wave Guide Flange L6 WR 137 CMR 137 U6 WR 137 CMR 137 7 GHz WR 112 CMR 112 8 GHz WR 112 CMR 112 11 GHz WR 90 CMR 90 ...

Page 18: ...B configuration Value dBm Explanation Factory user entered 30 5 Entered target output power Transceiver adjusted power at PA output port Target output power 1 dB Basic Tx BU loss 31 5 Adjusted value by transceiver at PA output port Factory fine tuned when PA output is not 31 5 dBm to compensate for calibration inaccuracy of the wide band transceiver Actual Tx output power at that BU antenna port d...

Page 19: ...n of two traffics using one antenna each one is protected by a 1 1 MHSB configuration The double junction circulator of the second MHSB branch is connected to the expansion port of the first MHSB double junction circulator resulting in slightly higher Tx BU loss in the second branch Additional Tx BU Loss for 1st MHSB 0 4 0 4 0 5 0 5 Additional Tx BU Loss for 2nd MHSB 0 94 0 94 1 19 1 19 1 1 FD Add...

Page 20: ... the Tx BU there is only one Rx BU loss to configure This Rx BU loss includes the Rx filter loss the Rx splitter loss and other losses where applicable This BU loss is entered at the factory and can be changed in the field if the system configuration changes Typical Rx BU Losses Configuration Typ Rx BU Loss dB 6 7 8 GHz 11 GHz 1 0 1 0 1 5 1 1 Hybrid Diversity FD SD Rx A Rx B Rx A Rx B 1 0 1 0 1 5 ...

Page 21: ... the fans On and Off o When the sensor s temperature in the PA module reaches the maximum safe temperature the associated fans will turn On then turn Off when that temperature drops to a convenient temperature o When the sensor s temperature in the PA module reaches an excessive temperature the PA of the associated transceiver will back off to 25 5 dBm 23 dBm for 11 GHz to reduce power consumption...

Page 22: ...ndby transceiver in a 1 1 MHSB configuration Transmitter muted High Power Very High Power 6 7 8 GHz 11 GHz 6 7 8 GHz 11 GHz Typical Watts with 48 VDC 22 0 22 0 24 0 24 0 Maximum Watts with 48 VDC 26 0 26 0 28 0 28 0 Typical Watts with 24 VDC 23 0 23 0 25 0 25 0 Maximum Watts with 24 VDC 27 0 27 0 29 0 29 0 Power consumption of a transceiver operating in ATPC or in RTPC mode Tx output power is equa...

Page 23: ...5 to 50 C Storage 45 to 80 C Humidity Up to 95 non condensing Altitude 0 to 5000 m AMSL Vibration EN 300 019 2 3 class 3 2 Transit vibration packaged equipment EN 300 019 2 2 class 2 3 Transit shock packaged equipment EN 300 019 2 2 class 2 3 Earthquake EN 300 019 2 3 EMI EMC and Safety Compliance Radiated and Conducted Susceptibility RF Magnetic field IEC 61000 4 3 Electrical Fast Transient Burst...

Page 24: ...n practices Required Tools and Equipment Tool Equipment Required specifications Where used Screwdriver Phillips 2 medium tip Throughout Allen key For 10 32 socket head screws Connect the flexible waveguides BU to Antenna Multimeter With ohm meter Connect the coaxial cable RFU to SPU Miscellaneous tools for installing connectors on the SPU to RFU coaxial cable Refer to the manufacturer documentatio...

Page 25: ...the assistance of two persons NOTE Mounting brackets can be assembled for either ETSI or NEBS ANSI rack mounting NEBS shown right b Connect the flexible waveguides BU to Antenna Figure 2 2 Connecting the Waveguide NOTE Assumptions regarding materials and equipment provided by the Customer to the waveguide s connection point s ...

Page 26: ...y GHz Waveguide Flange Type Holes L6 and U6 WR 137 CPR 137G Tapped for 10 32 screws 7 and 8 WR 112 CPR 112G 11 WR 90 CPR 90G c Connect the coaxial cable RFU to SPU NOTE This step assumes the presence of a 50Ω coaxial cable preferably with angled SMA connectors If that is not the case proceed with the instructions below Cut the coaxial cable to a length which will leave enough slack after it has be...

Page 27: ...per Figure 2 5 NOTE Each RFU terminal includes a grounding kit The parts are per Figure 2 4 Installing a grounding kit Insert the copper cable end in the Ring terminal Insert the Button head machine screw through the Spring lock washer and Flat washer 1 Insert the screw with above mentioned washers through the Ring terminal eyelet Then add Flat washer 2 before attaching the whole assembly to any o...

Page 28: ...d conductor Ground conductor impedance to be less than 0 5Ω Ensure connecting the path of lowest impedance directly to the Master ground bar Do not connect other equipment to the same grounding cable as the RFU Each piece of equipment at the site should have a separate grounding cable to a common very low impedance Master ground bar Connect the equipment directly to the D C supply system grounding...

Page 29: ...e RFU Connect the power supply as shown in Figure 2 6 Check that the junction block screws are tight enough to hold the power wire securely in place Figure 2 6 Power and Grounding Connections All power connections must be made in compliance with Local and National Electrical Codes Solectek disclaims any liability deriving from improper or unsafe installation practices ...

Page 30: ...applicable o Tx frequency o Rx frequency o Channel bandwidth o Target output power o TX RF switch equipped or non equipped o Standby transmitter output power mode if 1 1 MHSB is configured Back Off Mute o Additional Tx BU loss o Rx BU loss o ATPC mode enabled disabled o ACM mode enabled disabled o Select Operational Mode Normal Antenna Alignment or RF Loopback o RSL display reference point at LNA ...

Page 31: ...t is used to monitor the receive signal strength Using the SPU GUI Antenna Alignment mode should be activated If not the RSL value is sent to the SPU every second only RSL message is sent to the SPU every 30 ms RSL updated every 10 ms at the transceiver regardless of Operation Mode Using the RFU Control GUI When the Antenna Alignment mode is activated the RSL message is sent to the SPU every 30 ms...

Page 32: ...ntenna until you get a maximum RSL voltage at the RSSI test point identified in Figure 2 8 Reference diagrams shown in that Figure provide guidance for verifying obtained RSL voltage values Figure 2 8 Measuring the RSL Voltage using a Digital Voltmeter Using the RFU Control GUI Under the Configuration tab select Operation Mode then in the drop down menu Antenna Alignment to enable This will enable...

Page 33: ...ve the connection between the Rx input port and the Rx RF filter output port Connect a semi rigid cable or equivalent from the Tx Power Monitoring port to a fixed and or variable attenuator and adjust the attenuator so that the power at attenuator output is between 35 dBm and 50 dBm Connect the attenuator output to the Rx input port via another coaxial cable The RF loop back is now established CAU...

Page 34: ...e failure Do nothing Yellow Flashing indicates fans failure or degradation Verify fan wire leads clean reconnect or replace the faulty fan assembly when necessary refer to Replacing a Fan Assembly Yellow Flashing RF loopback activated Normal do nothing Temperature sensor in the PA module exceeds threshold Check if the Fan alarm is On or if the ambient temperature exceeds 50 C If not and the sensor...

Page 35: ...enient level the HPA is un muted its power reduces to 25 5 dBm 23 dBm for 11 GHz and the LED sets to flashing yellow PA HPA Yellow Flashing Temperature too high when sensor in PA module exceeds the safe limit PA HPA power level then reduces to 25 5 dBm 23 dBm for 11 GHz at its output port if it is not already set at or below that value in RTPC or ATPC mode When the sensor temperature drops to a co...

Page 36: ...s also monitored and its level calculated and sent to the SPU via telemetry periodically or upon request However the RFU will not trigger an RSL low alarm For operations that require fast decision due to RSL change such as operating in ATPC mode ACM mode and during the Antenna Alignment mode the RSL is reported to the SPU much faster than that during normal operation ...

Page 37: ... field replacement Tool Equipment Required specifications Where used Screwdriver Phillips 1 small tip Replacing a Fan Assembly Screwdriver Phillips 2 medium tip Throughout Ball point Allen key 7 64 Replacing Filters Open end wrench 5 16 Replacing a Transceiver Replacing an RF cable SMA torque wrench w right angle adaptor Model ST SMA8 from Fairview Microwave Inc Standard torque wrench 5 16 set to ...

Page 38: ...il the PWR LED is Off NOTE This ensures that there are no sparks at the DC power connectors when removing DC from the transceiver The controller is part of the transceiver If the DC power of the replacement transceiver was turned OFF by pushing the PWR button before you need to push that button again to turn ON the DC power to the newly installed replacement transceiver However if that transceiver...

Page 39: ...e removal and installation of the transceiver Unfasten the transceiver captive Captive screws 2 slightly lift the Transceiver module before carefully sliding it out of the shelf Install the New Transceiver Connect the RF switch ribbon cable to the bottom of the new transceiver bearing the same Part Number as the discarded one Space permitting use the Standard torque wrench set to 0 1 kg m 9 0 lb i...

Page 40: ... Alarms and Troubleshooting 3 2 Replacing a Branching Unit CAUTION This procedure will interrupt traffic whether the system is protected or non protected NOTE If space is limited above or behind the RFU we recommend Removing the RFU assembly from the Rack Follow the procedure described later in this Chapter Remove the Branching Unit Disconnect any flexible waveguide s from the Antenna Port s Remov...

Page 41: ...Re fasten the 6 Captive screws unfastened earlier to secure the BU Assembly to the bottom of the shelf DO NOT overtighten Re install the Transceiver Reconnect the RF switch ribbon cable to the bottom of the transceiver slide the transceiver in the shelf then fasten its Captive screws 2 to secure it in place Using a 5 16 inch SMA torque wrench w right angle adaptor or a Standard torque wrench set t...

Page 42: ...s only required when changing frequencies without changing bands However to facilitate the removal of filters you need to Remove the Branching Unit refer to page 42 CAUTION This procedure will interrupt traffic whether the system is protected or non protected Remove the Filters First Remove the Branching Unit Deposit the BU Circulator and filter assembly on a flat surface Refer to Figure 3 3 for i...

Page 43: ...43 Figure 3 3 Socket head Screws for Removal Figure 3 4 Separating Filters from BU ...

Page 44: ...thout overtightening Follow the steps described in the earlier section Install the New Branching Unit 3 4 Removing the RFU from the Rack NOTE This procedure is recommended only when service access above or behind the RFU is restricted NOTE If not present re install the Shelf Mounting Lugs 2 screws provided Leave these lugs in place for holding the replacement shelf before fastening CAUTION For gre...

Page 45: ...fasteners for later use Disconnect all cables from the RFU DC Power cable Coaxial Cable and Grounding from their respective connectors on the RFU Loosen only the Grounding terminals and keep them attached to the Mounting Brackets Remove all remaining screws attaching the RFU Mounting Brackets to the rack keeping only the 2 top screws to remove last With the assistance of another person lift the RF...

Page 46: ...e use Insert a Phillips small tip screwdriver in Through holes A and B to reach and unfasten the two Captive screws 1 and 2 Once Captive screws 1 and 2 completely unfastened grasp the Fan Assembly by its sides pull it forward and disconnect cables then pull it out of the shelf Install the New Fan Assembly Place the new fan assembly over the transceiver making sure to properly align Captive screws ...

Page 47: ...ed system this procedure will affect traffic In a protected system ensure locking traffic on the available channel during maintenance Figure 3 6 identifying RF cables The following table describes the RF cables shown in Figure 3 6 above Number SMA Cable Connectors Angled from Straight 1 Transceiver A To Rx Filter A 2 Tx Filter A To RF Switch 3 Transceiver A To RF Switch 4 Transceiver B To RF Switc...

Page 48: ...cable verify that its Part Number matches exactly that of the discarded cable Fastening each cable end nut by hand start with the angled connector then follow by the straight one as identified in the above table Space permitting use the Standard torque wrench set to 0 1 kg m 9 0 lb inch to tighten each connector nut Otherwise use the SMA torque wrench w right angle adaptor to tighten the SMA conne...

Page 49: ...ns supported by the Solectek SkyWay EM RFU It also serves as a reference for maintenance and future upgrades The following diagrams Figure 4 1 through Figure 4 9 describe all of the BU options with details of radio inputs circulators and filters Figure 31 1 0 Unprotected ...

Page 50: ...50 Figure 32 1 1 MHSB Figure 33 1 1 Tx MHSB SD Rx ...

Page 51: ...51 Figure 34 1 0 Tx SD Rx Figure 35 1 1 FD 2 0 ...

Page 52: ...52 Figure 36 4 0 ...

Page 53: ...53 Figure 37 2 2 MHSB ...

Page 54: ...54 Figure 38 2 2 MHSB Rx SD Figure 39 Hybrid Diversity FD with 2 Antennas ...

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