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In case the pilot does not compensate with the brakes, the TR 27 in most situations will inflate
by itself even in major asymmetric collapses. The TR 27 can make a complete turn and in the
event, it does not open on its own.
Without action, the paraglider will begin a positive spiral. The pilot must lightly apply the brake
on the external side to stop a spiral and at the same time shift his/her weight on the same
side until the canopy is stabilized. Exactly at this stage of pendulum effect under the canopy,
it is important that the pilot controls carefully the amount of force applied on the brakes, and
often it is needed to decrease the force. Once a straight flight is achieved, the closed side can
be re-inflated by the pumping action.
Warning
Warning
Warning
•
If the pilot does not actively terminate the spiral, it will continue all the way to the ground!
•
Line-overs are generally the result of poor preparation before takeoff, collapses during
acrobatics or lateral asymmetric closings.
•
A turn with an incline beyond 60º is considered acrobatic.
In the eventuality of lines going over the canopy during flight, the pilot must take the following
steps:
•
Try to maintain a straight flight: Shift the weight to the open side of the paraglider and assist
with a light brake tension on the open side.
•
To re-open: Pull the stabilizer line on the closed side until the line entanglement is cleared.
•
If the line-over is serious, if it’s not possible to maintain a stable flight (spiral) and if there is
sufficient altitude (>400 m), there is a chance of resolving this mal-function by executing a
‘Full Stall’. In case the above maneuver does not solve the problem, or if the altitude is not
sufficient, the pilot can activate the emergency parachute (reserve).
Risers A and A` are tightly pulled until a complete closing of the Leading edge is achieved, then
quickly release the risers until it is closed. The pilot should not hold the risers after the closing.
Special attention must be given to ensure enough altitude is available.
The TR 27, on most instances, recovers on its own from a frontal asymmetric closing. In turbulent
conditions, a head butt may occur, which must be overcome by accurate brake control
The TR 27 does not have parachutal stall tendencies and recovers on its own from an intentional
parachutal stall induced by braking commands. In the event of a parachutal stall upon coming
out of a B-Stall, it is enough just to pull the risers ‘A’ downwards or the accelerator, thus reducing
the angle of attack, therefore reorganizing the air flow contact to the canopy.
To create a ‘Full Stall’, the pilot must pull both brakes to the end, and hold them tightly in this
position. In this situation, the TR 27 flies in most times on reverse, in a forward horseshoe
shaped tie.
The canopy must be stabilized before the procedure for normal flight re-entry is initiated.
Any attempt of recover during the beginning stages of a stall, when the paraglider reverses
suddenly can result in a sudden push forward of the canopy. When recovering from a ‘Full
Stall’, both brakes must be released slowly simultaneously and symmetrically (> = 1 second).
The TR 27 will move forward gradually and begin normal flying.
An asymmetric recovery (releasing one brake before the other) of a ‘Full Stall’ is utilized only by
test pilots to simulate a paraglider being expelled out of a thermal and must not be attempted
by pilots!
To induce a fast Negative Turn out of normal velocity (LTF) or starting from the minimum speed
(EN), the pilot must pull tightly and quickly one toggle right to the end of it. During the negative
spiral, the canopy rotates relatively fast around its center, with its inner side flying backwards.
When entering an unintentional Negative Turn, the pilot must recover as soon as it is noticed
by releasing the brake slightly so that the canopy will accelerate and returns to a stable flight,
without losing too much altitude.
When a negative turn is intentionally prolonged, the TR 27 accelerates forward asymmetrically.
A frontal asymmetric closing should not be under-estimated.
To recover from an intentional negative spiral, the pilot must release the pulled brake and pay
close attention to a strong canopy surge ahead.
In case braking controls are impossible, the canopy can be driven by utilizing risers ‘B’ and
eventually land. Pay close attention to the length of the command, which should be shorter
than braking commands.
To perform a ‘Wingover’ the pilot must generate a strong pendulum effect by alternating turns
on both sides. A complete closing of the canopy is possible.
Many reserve deployments are a result of a cascade of over-corrections by the pilot. Please
note that over-corrections are often worse than no input at all.
LINE-OVER
FRONTAL SYMMETRIC CLOSING
PARACHUTAL
FULL STALL
NEGATIVE TURNS
EMERGENCY FLYING
WINGOVER
OTHER TIPS FOR DANGEROUS SITUATIONS
Cascade
