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2.5.3 Head Resistance

The LTP3445 head resistance is classified into two ranks as shown in Table 2-7. Head resistance ranks
are also indicated on the label on the front of the LTP3445.

Table 2-7 Head Resistance Ranks

Rank

Head Resistance

B

162 to 178

Ω

C

145 to 161

Ω

Sample Label showing the Head Resistance Rank

In this example, the head resistance rank is B.

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Summary of Contents for LTP3445

Page 1: ...LTP3445 LINE THERMAL PRINTER MECHANISM TECHNICAL REFERENCE 39019 2392 02 Seiko Instruments Inc ...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...e information contained herein is the property of SII and shall not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written approval of SII SII reserves the right to make changes without notice to the specifications and materials contained herein and shall not be responsible for any damages including consequential caused by reliance on the materials presented including but not limited to typog...

Page 4: ...inter Mechanism Chapter 7 describes safety precautions Read it thoroughly before designing so that you are able to use the LTP3445 properly SII has not investigated the intellectual property rights of the sample circuits included in this manual Fully investigate the intellectual property rights of these circuits before using ...

Page 5: ...iv ...

Page 6: ...TIVATION DST PULSE WIDTH 2 20 2 6 1 Calculation of the Head Activation Pulse Width 2 20 2 6 2 Calculation of the Applied Energy 2 20 2 6 3 Adjustment of the Head Activation Voltage 2 21 2 6 4 Adjustment of the Head Resistance 2 21 2 6 5 Determination of Activation Pause Time and Activation Pulse Period 2 22 2 6 6 Head Activation Pulse Term Coefficient 2 22 2 6 7 Calculation Sample for the Head Act...

Page 7: ...INTER 5 1 5 1 1 Printer Mounting Method 5 1 5 1 2 Precautions for Securing the Printer 5 1 5 2 LAYOUT OF PRINTER AND PAPER 5 2 5 3 WHERE TO MOUNT THE PAPER HOLDER 5 3 5 4 WHERE TO MOUNT THE PAPER CUTTER 5 3 5 5 OUTER CASING STRUCTURE 5 4 CHAPTER 6 APPEARANCE AND DIMENSIONS CHAPTER 7 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 7 1 DESIGN PRECAUTIONS 7 1 7 2 DESIGNING THE OUTER CASE 7 1 7 3 BATTERY DRIVING 7 2 CHAPTER 8 DES...

Page 8: ...he Motor Detector Connector 3 4 FIGURES Figure Page 2 1 Heat Element Dimensions 2 4 2 2 Print Area 2 4 2 3 Sample Drive Circuit Motor 2 7 2 4 Input Voltage Signals for the Sample Drive Circuit Motor 2 8 2 5 Motor Start Stop Timing 2 9 2 6 Motor Drive Timing Chart 2 11 2 7 Thermal Head Block Diagram 2 14 2 8 Printed Position of the Data 2 15 2 9 Timing Chart 2 19 2 10 Thermistor Resistance vs Tempe...

Page 9: ...rint mode 4 6 4 4 Example of motor drive timing chart in Standard print mode 4 8 5 1 Curled Path 5 2 5 2 Straight Path 5 2 5 3 Sample Outer Casing Structure 5 4 6 1 LTP 3445 Appearance and External Dimensions 6 2 8 1 Guide Design Example 8 4 8 1 Head Cleaning Procedure 8 5 ...

Page 10: ... two Lithium ion batteries Compact and light The mechanism is compact and light 130 mm in width 51 mm in depth 21 mm in height and approximately 135 g in weight High resolution printing A high density print head of 8 dots mm produces clear and precise printing Long life The mechanism is maintenance free device with a long life of 50 km print length or 50 million pulses High speed printing 1 A maxi...

Page 11: ...al head cleaning Moving the head open lever to the open position enables one to clean the thermal head 1 Print speed differs depending on working conditions 2 Paper load path curl or straight is preset at the factory To determine which path is used contact a Seiko Instruments sales representative ...

Page 12: ...a mechanical switch Out of paper detection Via a photo interrupter Operating voltage range VP line for head and motor drive Vdd line for head logic 4 2 V to 8 5 V equivalent to four through six Ni Cd or Ni MH batteries or two lithium ion batteries 4 5 V to 5 5 V 1 Maximum print speed is attained in the conditions such as When the driving voltage is 5 V the temperature of the head is 50 C or more a...

Page 13: ... 50 million pulses or more print ratio 12 5 5 50 km or more Paper width 112 1 mm Paper feed force 50 g or more Paper hold force 80 g or more Dimensions width depth height 130 0 51 0 21 0 mm Weight Approximately 135 g 2 When the number of simultaneously activated dots is specified as 64 3 Use TW80KK S in the temperature range 5 to 4 C Outside of this range the print will bleed or be light 4 Use TCC...

Page 14: ...cation Recommended thermal paper TF50KS E2C 65 µm paper TF77KS E2 95 µm paper TC98KS T1 125 µm paper J N tack HW74 label paper TW80KK S 2 ply paper from Nippon Paper Industries FH65BV 3 65 µm paper from Honshu Paper Co Ltd TCC 2 ply paper from Fujicopian Co Ltd ...

Page 15: ... LTP3445 contains a thermal head with 832 heat elements dot size Figure 2 1 Heat Element Dimensions 104 mm 832 DOTS 0 125 mm 0 125 mm Figure 2 2 Print Area 112 1 mm PAPER WIDTH 104 mm PRINTING WIDTH 4 mm 0 125 mm PAPER FEED PITCH 4 mm 0 ...

Page 16: ...uring paper feed the motor should be driven at lower than the value obtained by equation 1 Equation 1 7 2 V or more Vp 77 245 6 pps Less than 7 2 V Vp 160 352 pps During printing motor drive frequency should be adjusted according to the working conditions such as voltage temperature number of activated dots etc For details see Chapter 4 To automatically load paper the motor should be driven at low...

Page 17: ...ons Item Specification Type PM Number of phases 4 phase Drive method Bipolar Excitation 2 2 phase Winding resistance per phase 11 Ω 7 Rated voltage 4 2 8 5 V Rated current 0 3 A phase Maximum current consumption 0 6 A Drive frequency 50 900 pps according to drive voltage ...

Page 18: ...2 7 2 4 1 Motor Drive Circuit 1 Sample Drive Circuit A sample drive circuit for the motor is shown in Figure 2 3 Figure 2 3 Sample Drive Circuit Motor ...

Page 19: ... hand to rotate the motor in the reverse direction drive the motor in the reverse order step 4 step 3 step 2 step 1 step 4 step 3 Sequence Signal Name Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 A Low High High Low B High High Low Low A High Low Low High B Low Low High High Figure 2 4 Input Voltage Signals for the Sample Drive Circuit Motor H L H L L L L H L H L A B A B 1 DOT LINE Table 2 4 Excitation Sequence ...

Page 20: ...the pause state do not excite the step motor so as to prevent the motor from heating Even when the step motor is not excited it keeps holding force to prevent paper from sliding 3 Start step To restart the motor from the stop step immediately shift the motor into the print sequence To restart the motor from the pause no excitation state shift the motor into the print sequence after outputting the ...

Page 21: ...er Do not print paper at the intermittent feed mode Doing so may deteriorate the printing quality due to irregular paper feeding pitch To print characters and bit images always follow the start step and stop step ...

Page 22: ... over temperature of the motor may occur due to its over torque To prevent it the amperage of the motor must be controlled as follows Startup Step CTCTRL High 1st Step CTCTRL High 2nd Step ON Turn CTCTRL High for only time Tmax of one step of the motor maximum drive speed at VP then set it to Low Figure 2 6 Motor Drive Timing Chart MT1 MT2 MT3 MT4 Start Tmax Tmax s 1 Motor Maximum Drive Frequency ...

Page 23: ...5 The method for accelerating the motor is as follows 1 Output the start step for the time calculated using equation 1 2 Output the first step for the first acceleration step time 3 Output the second step for the second acceleration step time 4 Output the nth step for the nth step acceleration time 5 After output for the time calculated using equation 1 the motor is driven at constant speed Can pr...

Page 24: ...he shift register 832 dots are divided into 13 blocks namely 1 block consists of 64 dots allowing for individually divided printing At the High level of the CTRL terminal the block to be activated inputs 13 bit data which is selected synchronously with the HCLK signal to the BDAT terminal in serial 13 bits correspond to the respective block Only the block corresponding to ON bit is activated Table...

Page 25: ...Head Block Diagram dot832 dot769 dot768 dot705 dot64 dot2 dot1 Heat Element Output Driver Latch Register Shift Register Control IC HCLK DST CTRL BCLK BDAT BCLR HDO LATCH HDAT TH Vdd GND Block 13 Block 12 Block 1 Thermistor Vp ...

Page 26: ...13 576 64 10 577 640 64 11 641 704 64 12 705 768 64 13 769 832 64 2 5 2 Printed Position of the Data Data dots from 1 to 832 which are transferred through HDAT are printed as shown in Figure 2 8 Figure 2 8 Printed Position of the Data LTP3445 PRINTER MECHANISM 1 2 3 4 5 6 830 831 832 PAPER FEED DIRECTION PRINT SURFACE DATA PRINT SEQUENCE PAPER DATA INPUT SEQUENCE 1 2 3 4 5 6 830 831 832 DATA IN ...

Page 27: ...nks as shown in Table 2 7 Head resistance ranks are also indicated on the label on the front of the LTP3445 Table 2 7 Head Resistance Ranks Rank Head Resistance B 162 to 178 Ω C 145 to 161 Ω Sample Label showing the Head Resistance Rank In this example the head resistance rank is B ...

Page 28: ...5 V 2 5 5 Peak Current Since the peak current maximum current may reach the values calculated using equation 2 when the thermal head is driven make sure that the allowable current for the cable material and the voltage drop on the cables are well within the specified range Equation 2 IP Peak current A N Number of dots that are driven at the same time Maximum 448 dots VP Head drive voltage V RH Hea...

Page 29: ...5 µA Low input current Iil BCLR CTRL 10 µA High output voltage Voh 4 45 V Low output voltage Vol HDO Vdd 4 5 V at no load 0 05 V High output current Ioh HDO Voh Vdd 0 4 V 0 5 mA Low output current Iol HDO Vol 0 4 V 0 5 mA HCLK BCLK frequency fclk 4 MHz HCLK pulse width t1 See the timing chart 100 ns CTRL setup time t2 See the timing chart 20 ns HDAT setup time t3 See the timing chart 70 ns HDAT ho...

Page 30: ...2 19 2 5 7 Timing Chart Figure 2 9 Timing Chart 1 fclk t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t2 t6 t7 HCLK CTRL HDAT HDO LATCH DST 1 fclk t9 BCLK t10 t11 t12 t13 BDAT DST BCLR t8 ...

Page 31: ...g of pulse width may shorten the life of the thermal head Equation 3 tm Main heat pulse width ms ts Preheat pulse width ms E Standard applied energy mj Refer to section 2 6 2 V Applied voltage V Refer to section 2 6 3 R Head resistance Ω Refer to section 2 6 4 Cm Main heat pulse term coefficient Refer to section 2 6 6 Cs Preheat pulse term coefficient Refer to section 2 6 6 2 6 2 Calculation of th...

Page 32: ...fferent if the head drive voltage VP is over 6 V or under 6 V Equation 5 V VP 0 9 over 5 V V VP 1 26 2 46 under 5 V VP Head activation voltage V 2 6 4 Adjustment of the Head Resistance Adjustment of the head resistance is according to equation 6 Due to wiring resistance there is a drop in voltage Equation 6 RH Head resistance rank B 162 178Ω 178 Ω rank C 145 161Ω 161 Ω 60 Wiring resistance in the ...

Page 33: ...line ms 2 6 6 Head Activation Pulse Term Coefficient Adjust using the head activation pulse term coefficient equal motor drive frequency because the printing density changes by printing speed According to equations 8 and 9 calculate compensation coefficient Cm of the main heat pulse and compensation coefficient Cs of the preheat pulse When the preline history control function is not needed use Cm ...

Page 34: ...0 3 47 3 47 3 31 3 09 2 91 2 75 2 62 2 50 10 3 17 3 17 3 02 2 82 2 66 2 51 2 39 2 29 2 19 20 2 87 2 87 2 74 2 56 2 41 2 28 2 17 2 07 1 99 1 91 30 2 57 2 57 2 45 2 29 2 15 2 04 1 94 1 85 1 78 1 71 40 2 27 2 27 2 17 2 02 1 90 1 80 1 71 1 64 1 57 1 51 50 1 97 1 97 1 88 1 76 1 65 1 56 1 49 1 42 1 37 1 31 60 1 67 1 67 1 60 1 49 1 40 1 33 1 26 1 21 1 16 1 12 70 1 37 1 37 1 31 1 22 1 15 1 09 1 04 0 99 0 ...

Page 35: ...ing temperature Tx C R25 15 kΩ 10 25 C B 3750 K 200 K TX Operating temperature C EXP A The Ath power of natural logarithm e 2 71828 Rating Operating temperature range 40 C to 125 C 1 1 RX R25 EXP B 273 TX 298 Figure 2 10 Thermistor Resistance vs Temperature TEMPERTURE C R E S I S T A N C E K Ω 100 50 40 30 20 10 5 4 3 2 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 THERMISTOR CHARACTERISTICS ...

Page 36: ...onding Thermistor Resistance Temperature C Thermistor Resistance kΩ 0 47 49 5 37 09 10 29 23 15 23 22 20 18 59 25 15 00 30 12 19 35 9 97 40 8 21 45 6 80 50 5 66 55 4 74 60 4 00 65 3 38 70 2 88 75 2 46 80 2 11 85 1 82 90 1 58 95 1 37 100 1 19 ...

Page 37: ... may be shortened significantly Detecting abnormal temperatures by hardware If the control unit CPU malfunctions the software for detecting abnormal temperatures may not function properly resulting in overheating of the thermal head The overheating of the thermal head may cause damage to the thermal head or cause skin burns Always use hardware in conjunction with software for detecting abnormal te...

Page 38: ... be damaged or the life of the head may be shortened significantly 2 7 1 General Specifications Maximum rating 5 V DC 1 mA Contact resistance 70 m Ω maximum 2 7 2 Sample External Circuit Note that there is a time lag between the time when the thermal head stays completely up or down and when the head up detector starts to operate Always use the capacitor shown in Figure 2 12 to prevent the switch ...

Page 39: ...maged or the life of the thermal head may be significantly shortened 2 8 1 General Specifications Table 2 12 Absolute Maximum Ratings of the Paper Detector at 25 C Item Symbol Rating Forward current IF 50 mA Peak forward current IFM 1A Reverse voltage VR 6 V LED input Allowable current P 75 mW Collector to emitter voltage VCEO 35 V Emitter to collector voltage VECO 6 V Collector current IC 20 mA P...

Page 40: ...IR VR 6 V 10 µA LED input Capacity between terminals Ct VR 0 V f 1 kHz 50 pF 100 pF Phototransistor output Dark current I CEO VCE 20 V 10 9 A 10 7 A Photoelectric current IC IF 4 mA VCE 2 V 45 µA 120 µA Response time at rise tr 20 µs 100 µs Response time at fall tf IC 100 µA VCE 2 V RL 1 kΩ d 1 mm 1 20 µs 100 µs Transfer char Leak current ILEAK IF 4 mA VCE 2 V 0 1 µA 1 d Sensing distance ...

Page 41: ...l Circuit The PS signal is high when paper is exhausted Figure 2 13 Sample External Circuit of the Paper Detector PS VPS GND PHOTO INTERRUPTER TO CPU PORT Vcc 5 V Vcc 5 V 100 kΩ Ω Ω Ω 200 Ω Ω Ω Ω GND PRINTER 74HC04 0 1 µ µ µ µF ...

Page 42: ...c Paper Load Head down Paper exists Head up Paper is exhausted Paper is exhausted Paper exists CHECK FOR PAPER START CHECK FOR PAPER Head up down detection Drive the motor in the normal direction by a specified number of steps END Stand by for print operation Drive the motor at lower than the frequency during automatic paper loading described in 2 3 PAPER FEED CHARACTERISTICS Set the number of mot...

Page 43: ...2 32 ...

Page 44: ... in Table 3 1 Table 3 1 Recommended Connectors Terminal Block External Circuit Functions Number of Pins Recommended Connectors External Circuit Thermal head control FPW Thermal head control 25 Molex Co Ltd 520 44 2510 horizontal type 520 45 2510 vertical type 5597 25APB horizontal type 5597 25CPB vertical type Motor detector connector Motor control out of paper detection and head up detection 9 Mo...

Page 45: ...3 2 3 1 THERMAL HEAD CONTROL FPW Figure 3 1 shows the terminal configuration of the thermal head control FPW Figure 3 1 Thermal Head Control Terminals FPW ...

Page 46: ...ta output 10 BCLR Input Block select all clear 11 BDAT Input Block select data input serial input 12 BCLK Input Block select data transfer synchronization signal 13 CTRL Input History control signal 14 HDAT Input Print data input serial input 15 Vdd Input Logic power supply 5V 16 GND GND 17 LATCH Input Print data latch memory storage 18 HCLK Input Synchronizing signal for data transfer 19 GND GND ...

Page 47: ...tector is a mechanical switch Terminal Number Signal Name Function 1 A Motor drive signal 2 B Motor drive signal 3 A Motor drive signal 4 B Motor drive signal 5 VPS LED anode Power supply 6 PS Photo Tr Collector Output 7 GND Paper detector GND 8 GND Paper detector GND 9 HS Head up detector output Figure 3 2 Terminals on the Motor Detector Connector 8 6 4 2 9 7 5 3 1 Table 3 3 Terminal Assignments ...

Page 48: ...print data in the same way as pre heat pulse data Selection of the heat block BDAT and BCLK input transfer the selected block data in serial input High means selected and Low means unselected in BDAT BDAT data is read in at the rising edge of BCLK input CTRL should be kept High 13 bits selected data input corresponding to the 13 blocks are transferred in serial and the corresponded blocks are sele...

Page 49: ... 4 1 Example of timing chart when executing previous line history control 1 When executing previous line history control the pre heat pulse data for the next line should not be transferred until the start of the last main heat driving of the previous line 2 When executing previous line history control the main heat pulse data should not be transferred until the completion of the last main heat dri...

Page 50: ... BDAT and BCLK input transfer the selected block data in serial input High means selected and Low means unselected in BDAT BDAT data is read in at the rising edge of BCLK input 13 bits selected data input corresponding to the 13 blocks are transferred in serial and the corresponded blocks are selected The 1st input bit corresponds to the 1st block and the last input bit corresponds to the 13th blo...

Page 51: ...ng previous line history control Figure 4 2 Example of timing chart when not executing previous line history control 1 When not executing previous line history control the print data of the next line can be transferred immediately after storing it in the latch register ...

Page 52: ...to 4 1 THERMAL HEAD DRIVE TIMING Start up phase Excite the previous phase of pausing motors The step time should be Tm 1st line Drive the motor by one step 1st step The step time should be the accelerating 1st step time or Tm whichever is longer Input the selected block data to the thermal head and set DST to high in synchronization with the motor drive After setting DST to high set DST to low whe...

Page 53: ...t acceleration time of the 3rd step or Tm whichever is longest Move to the next line after driving all blocks the transfer of the print data for the next line and 4th step time of the motor Print each line in the same manner continuously Figure 4 3 shows an example of the motor drive timing chart in High speed print mode 1 S Transfer of pre heat data M Transfer of main heat data Figure 4 3 Example...

Page 54: ...ntrol for the Thermal Head has passed Next input the data of the selected block 4 to 6 and turn DST high Turn DST low when the driving time has passed Move to the next step after driving blocks 4 to 6 and the 1st step time of the motor 1st line 2nd step Drive the motor by one step 2nd step The step time should be the acceleration time of the next step nearest to the previous step taking time or Tm...

Page 55: ... and blocks 10 to 13 in the same manner as the 1st line and transfer the next line data Print each line in the same manner printing the same blocks in the 1st step and the 2nd step respectively Figure 4 4 shows an example of the motor drive timing chart in Standard print mode 1 S Transfer of pre heat data M Transfer of main heat data Figure 4 4 Example of motor drive timing chart in Standard print...

Page 56: ...2 6 pan head Phillips screw and 2 5 or 2 6 small round flat washer A combination of Pan head tapping screw 2 5 for resin and 2 5 small round flat washer Screws and washers with 6 mm or less outer diameter and 15 mm or less height in accordance with and 5 1 2 Precautions for Securing the Printer Secure the printer with the following attentions Securing the printer incorrectly may cause a deteriorat...

Page 57: ...sed on the desired use Figure 5 2 Curled Path PAPER DETECTOR THERMAL PAPER ROLL PLATEN HEAT ELEMENT THERMAL HEAD The distance between the paper detector and the heat element is approximately 10 5 mm MOUNTING FACE Figure 5 3 Straight Path PAPER DETECTOR PLATEN THERMAL PAPER ROLL MOUNTING FACE THERMAL HEAD HEAT ELEMENT The distance between the paper detector and the heat element is approximately 13 ...

Page 58: ... printer Keep the paper feed force 50 g or less 5 4 WHERE TO MOUNT THE PAPER CUTTER Install the paper cutter so that it does not interfere with the paper feed The angles and positions for feeding paper are shown in Figure 6 1 If the distance between the edge of the thermal head and the edge of the fed paper is too small the paper may be caught by the platen Please take this into account when desig...

Page 59: ...UCTURE Figure 5 4 shows a sample structure for the outer casing Provide a gap of a few mm between the printer and the outer casing since the area over the thermal head becomes very hot Figure 5 4 Sample Outer Casing Structure ...

Page 60: ...6 1 CHAPTER 6 APPEARANCE AND DIMENSIONS Figure 6 1 shows the appearance and external dimensions of the LTP3445 ...

Page 61: ...6 2 Figure 6 1 LTP3445 Appearance and Dimensions ...

Page 62: ... since the thermal head is hot during and immediately after printing Regarding paper insertion and head cleaning prepare caution descriptions in the manual to perform these operations after the head temperature drops To allow cooling place clearance between the head and the outer case in designing Precautions to the rising temperatures of the motor Be sure to design the outer case to prevent user ...

Page 63: ...NG Precautions for battery drive As with any battery there is always a danger of some mishap occurring from an overheating or bursting of the battery through over discharge Observe the precautions of the battery to be used ...

Page 64: ...ing damaged by static electricity Connect the FG connector see Figure 6 1 to the FG Connect the GND terminal of the thermal head control FPW to FG through an approximately 1 MΩ resistor Keep the VP power off while not printing in order to prevent the thermal head from being electrolytically corroded In addition design the printer so that the signal GND of the thermal head and the frame GND of the ...

Page 65: ...n or thermal head may become damaged Do not hit or scratch the surface of the thermal head with any sharp or hard object When the printer is not in use place the thermal head in the up position If the thermal head is left in contact with the platen the platen may become deformed To prevent the heat elements ICs etc from being damaged due to static electricity take both antistatic and grounding mea...

Page 66: ... the paper inlet When the edge of the paper comes up from between the thermal head and the platen pull the edge of the paper check whether the paper is aligned correctly and place the thermal head into the down position Unloading paper Unload paper with the thermal head in the up position Pull the paper straight up by hand in the direction in which the paper is normally fed If the paper is bonded ...

Page 67: ... the paper skews place the thermal head into the up position and reset the paper Cut the edge of the paper so it is vertical to the direction of the paper feed If the thermal head has been in the down position for a long time the paper will be unable to be inserted because the head is in contact with the platen In this case place the head into the up position once and insert the paper again GOOD N...

Page 68: ... and latch it Clean the heat elements using alcohol and a cotton swab After cleaning set the head open lever to its original position by reversing the steps PRECAUTIONS Cleaning fluid ethyl alcohol isopropyl alcohol Do not use sandpaper cutter etc when cleaning They will damage the heat elements Don t start the printing operation until after the alcohol is dry Figure 8 2 Head Cleaning Procedure ...

Page 69: ...8 6 ...

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