Table 8
Perkins Specifications for Distillate Diesel Fuel
Specifications
Requirements
ASTM Test
Aromatics
35% maximum
“D1319”
Ash
0.02% maximum
(weight)
“D482”
Carbon Residue on
10% Bottoms
0.35% maximum
(weight)
“D524”
Cetane Number
40 minimum (DI
engines)
“D613”
Cloud Point
The cloud point must
not exceed the low-
est expected ambi-
ent temperature.
-
Copper Strip
Corrosion
No. 3 maximum
“D130”
Distillation
10% at 282 °C
(540 °F)
maximum
“D86”
90% at 360 °C
(680 °F)
maximum
Flash Point
legal limit
“D93”
API Gravity
30 minimum
“D287”
45 maximum
Pour Point
6 °C (10 °F) mini-
mum below ambient
temperature
“D97”
Sulfur
0.2% maximum
“D3605”
or
“D1552”
Kinematic Viscosity
2.0 cSt minimum and
4.5 cSt maximum at
40 °C (104 °F)
“D445”
Water and Sediment 0.1% maximum
“D1796”
Water
0.1% maximum
“D1744”
Sediment
0.05% maximum
(weight)
“D473”
Gum and Resins
10 mg per 100 mL
maximum
“D381”
Lubricity
0.38 mm
(0.015 inch) maxi-
mum at 25 °C
(77 °F)
“D6079”
(continued)
(Table 8, contd)
(1)
Perkins fuel systems and engine components can operate on
high sulfur fuels. Fuel sulfur levels affect exhaust emissions.
High sulfur fuels also increase the potential for corrosion of in-
ternal components. Fuel sulfur levels above 0.5 percent may
significantly shorten the oil change interval. For additional infor-
mation, see this publication, “Fluid Recommendations/Engine
Oil” topic (Maintenance Section).
(2)
The values of the fuel viscosity are the values as the fuel is de-
livered to the fuel injection pumps. If a fuel with a low viscosity
is used, cooling of the fuel may be required to maintain a 1.4
cSt viscosity at the fuel injection pump. Fuels with a high vis-
cosity might require fuel heaters in order to bring down the vis-
cosity to a 20 cSt viscosity.
(3)
Follow the test conditions and procedures for gasoline (motor).
(4)
The lubricity of a fuel is a concern with low sulfur fuel. To deter-
mine the lubricity of the fuel, use either the “ASTM D6078
Scuffing Load Wear Test (SBOCLE)” or the “ASTM D6079 High
Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)” test. If the lubricity of a
fuel does not meet the minimum requirements, consult your fuel
supplier. Do not treat the fuel without consulting the fuel suppli-
er. Some additives are not compatible. These additives can
cause problems in the fuel system.
NOTICE
Operating with fuels that do not meet the Perkins rec-
ommendations can cause the following effects: Start-
ing difficulty, poor combustion, deposits in the fuel
injectors, reduced service life of the fuel system, de-
posits in the combustion chamber and reduced serv-
ice life of the engine.
NOTICE
Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO), Residual fuel, or Blended fuel
must NOT be used in Perkins diesel engines. Severe
component wear and component failures will result if
HFO type fuels are used in engines that are config-
ured to use distillate fuel.
In extreme cold ambient conditions, you may use the
distillate fuels that are specified in Table 9 . However,
the fuel that is selected must meet the requirements
that are specified in Table 8 . These fuels are
intended to be used in operating temperatures that
are down to −54 °C (−65 °F).
Table 9
Distillate Fuels
Specification
Grade
“MIL-T-5624R”
JP-5
“ASTM D1655”
Jet-A-1
“MIL-T-83133D”
JP-8
(1)
The fuels that are listed in this Table may not meet the require-
ments that are specified in the “Perkins Specifications for Distil-
late Diesel Fuel” Table. Consult the supplier for the
recommended additives in order to maintain the correct fuel
lubricity.
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