background image

with the resistive impedances found in the circuit, and the simplicity of the circuit allows for
what is largely a single pole rolloff characteristic.

The slew rate of the amplifier is about 40 Volts/uS under load , which is about 10 times faster
than the fastest signal you will ever see, and about 100 times faster than what you will be
listening to.  In and of itself, the slew rate is an unimportant factor when evaluating tube and
simple Mosfet designs.  It becomes more important with complex circuit topologies where
there is heavy dependence on feedback correction, but even then its importance has been
overstated.

On the other end of the spectrum, the amplifier has full DC response, and is perfectly usable
as a DC power supply.  There are no capacitors in the gain path of the circuit.  After warm-up,
the DC offset in the amplifier is about .05 volts.  While warming up, the amplifier will have
higher DC offset, but not so much as to present a performance problem.

It is important to note that full DC response brings with it the potential that DC can be fed to
the loudspeaker if the source has a DC component to it.  Exercise caution in this regard to
prevent damage to the loudspeaker.  The warranty coverage for this amplifier does not include
damage to loudspeakers.  If there is any question that DC might be present at the output of
the amplifier, an inexpensive voltmeter will prove a wise investment.  You can check for DC
offset with the source connected and on and the amplifier on, but with the loudspeaker
disconnected.  If there is any question, contact your dealer or the factory.

For the lowest possible operating noise in any environment, the amplifier is equipped with
balanced inputs featuring a common mode noise rejection of greater than 60 dB.  Balanced
operation is accomplished through a passive network tied directly into the input stage of the
amplifier, not with additional active input circuitry as in other products.  This assures that the
noise benefits of balanced operation are not accompanied by the degradation of more
semiconductors in the gain path.

The input of the amplifier is flexible and can also be operated with unbalanced sources.  The
input system will exhibit full common mode noise rejection with passive balanced sources,
where the negative input is connected to ground at the source through the appropriate source
impedance.  This allows adaptation of unbalanced sources to balanced operation with passive
cable connections in a manner that achieves the noise rejection of active balanced sources.

The amplifier is powered by a toroidal transformer which charges .125 Farad capacitance to
150 Joules.  This unregulated supply feeds the output transistors only with a full power ripple
of about .25 volt.

The chassis of the Aleph 0 is made entirely of machined aluminum; no sheet metal is
employed.  We mill the chassis components ourselves from aluminum stock on four computer
controlled vertical milling machines.  We also do the chassis engraving on the milling
machines, which we built ourselves.  The pieces are grained and anodized at the finest plating
house on the West Coast.

The Aleph 0 is warranted by Pass Laboratories to meet performance specifications for 3 years
from date of manufacture.  During that time, Pass Laboratories will provide free labor and
parts at the manufacturing site.  The warranty does not include damage due to misuse, abuse,
or modification to the amplifier and also does not include consequential damage.

Summary of Contents for Aleph 0

Page 1: ...Pass Laboratories Aleph 0 Owner s Manual ...

Page 2: ... Class A circuits to preamps and input stages I feel that in specialized and demanding applications the energy penalty is worth the purity of performance obtainable from single ended Class A operation This purity delivers the most musicality and listening satisfaction per watt of any operating mode Over the years I have remained fascinated by the characteristic sound of the single ended topology b...

Page 3: ...jumper can be used between pins 1 and 3 on the XLR which terminates the pin 3 negative input to ground When running unbalanced input use of this plug will increase the amplifier s gain to 26 dB in the event that you need or prefer higher gain than the standard 20 dB figure If you don t need that extra gain our own preference is to not use the shorting plug If you insert the copper shorting jumper ...

Page 4: ... with the same specs sounded the same We have heard Triodes Pentodes Bipolar VFET Mosfet TFET valves IGBT Hybrids THD distortion IM distortion TIM distortion phase distortion quantization feedback nested feedback no feedback feed forward Stasis harmonic time alignment high slew Class AB Class A Pure Class A Class AA Class A AB Class D Class H Constant bias dynamic bias optical bias Real Life Bias ...

Page 5: ...s in series with the signal path the better This often true even if adding just one more gain stage will improve the measured specs 2 The characteristic of gain devices and their specific use is important Individual variations in performance between like devices is important as are differences in topological usage All signal bearing devices contribute to the degradation but there are some differen...

Page 6: ...serves as a natural benchmark Virtually all the amplifiers on the market are based on a push pull symmetry model The push pull symmetry topology has no particular basis in nature Is it valid to use air s characteristic as a model for designing an amplifier If you accept that all processing leaves its signature on the music the answer is yes One of the most interesting characteristics of air is its...

Page 7: ...amplifier alternates operation with a minus side Each side of a push pull amplifier handles the audio signal alternately the plus side supplying positive voltage and current to the loudspeaker and the minus side supplying negative voltage and current Problems with push pull amplifier designs associated with crossover distortion have been discussed elsewhere at length and one of the primary results...

Page 8: ...reaches the single ended bias point of the Aleph 0 it is considered a single ended Class A amplifier as the bias is provided by a current source attached to the negative power supply Beyond the single ended bias point it will operate as a push pull amplifier in the conventional sense leaving Class A at twice the bias point or about 120 watts peak into 8 ohms A very important consideration in attem...

Page 9: ...at small fractions typically 20 of their ratings For extended life we do not allow chip temperatures to exceed 80 degrees C Regardless of the type of gain device in systems where the utmost in natural reproduction is the goal simple single ended Class A circuits are the topologies of choice While it will not leave Class A on an unclipped positive signal a single ended Class A design would ordinari...

Page 10: ...any environment the amplifier is equipped with balanced inputs featuring a common mode noise rejection of greater than 60 dB Balanced operation is accomplished through a passive network tied directly into the input stage of the amplifier not with additional active input circuitry as in other products This assures that the noise benefits of balanced operation are not accompanied by the degradation ...

Page 11: ...ance 01 ohm Input Impedance 25 Kohm differential XLR 10 Kohm single ended RCA Common mode rejection 60 dB Output Noise 600 microvolts DC offset less than 100 mV after warm up Power Consumption 300 watts at 75 watts output Operating Temperature 50 degrees C Warm up time 1 hour minimum Dimensions 12 W x 12 D x 10 5 H Shipping Weight 68 lb PASS PASS Pass Laboratories 21555 Limestone Way Foresthill CA...

Reviews: