Ormazabal ekor.rpa Series General Instructions Manual Download Page 30

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IG-267-EN versión 01; 07/04/2017

Protection functions

General Instructions

ekor

.rpa

The following image shows an example of calculation of the
sequences based on an imbalanced system. It is observed
that the system has a large inverse component, but no zero-

sequence (situation which can come about in lines which
are not uniformly charged in the three phases):

Line currents

Direct-sequence currents

Inverse-sequence currents

Zero-sequence currents

Figure 4.9.

Calculation of sequences

Summary of Contents for ekor.rpa Series

Page 1: ...LIB ekor rpa Protection metering and control multifunction unit General Instructions IG 267 EN version 01 07 04 2017...

Page 2: ...ectrical installations Personnel must be fully familiar with the instructions and warnings contained in this manual and in other recommendations of a more general nature which are applicable to the si...

Page 3: ...hermal capacity 26 4 4 2 Functionality 27 4 4 3 Block diagram 28 4 5 Broken conductor unit 29 4 5 1 Calculation of sequence currents 29 4 5 2 Functionality 32 4 5 3 Block diagram 32 4 6 Voltage units...

Page 4: ...2 9 User configuration settings 73 9 1 Local protection and automation settings 73 9 2 Date and time settings 79 9 3 Remote communication settings 79 10 Log record 80 10 1 Fault report 80 10 1 1 Data...

Page 5: ...open and close the switch in the cubicle where it is installed Furthermore the equipment series has inputs which receive the status of the cubicle switch The ekor rpa 100 units also have the followin...

Page 6: ...sensors These transformers or current sensors maintain the accuracy class in all of their rated range Voltage metering is normally by capturing the voltage signal using a capacitor divider built into...

Page 7: ...ekor rpa 100 protection metering and control series are the electronic relay voltage and current sensors auxiliary circuits terminal block and wiring the bistable release and the tripping coil 1 Termi...

Page 8: ...ctivated when the equipment receives power from an external source and flashes quickly when the relay starts up This LED will flash less frequently once the microprocessor has checked that the status...

Page 9: ...grated protection against the opening of secondary circuits which prevents overvoltages 1 Bushing 2 Current sensors Figure 1 5 Location of the current sensors 1 2 3 Voltage sensors Cubicle voltage met...

Page 10: ...ventional tripping coils This way a redundant and therefore more reliable operational system is achieved 1 3 Functionality of the unit The functionality of the assembly as a unit MV cubicles for prote...

Page 11: ...pair COM0 and COM1 for remote control The standard communication protocols implemented in all equipment are MODBUS in RTU transmission mode binary and PROCOME through the rear RS 485 COM0 port fitted...

Page 12: ...1 Remote control function units The remote controlling applications complement the ekor rci integrated control unit associated to feeder functions see Ormazabal document IG 158 2 2 Automatic reclosin...

Page 13: ...on makes detection difficult in isolated or resonant earthed neutral networks and thus requires the use of the directional function In ekor rpa 100 units model ekor rpa 110 line protection is carried...

Page 14: ...n Detects open lines which are generally quite difficult to detect using overcurrent units 59 59N Overvoltage and residual overvoltage relay Protects against phase and neutral overvoltages in the line...

Page 15: ...elay Protects against phase to earth short circuits of very low value 51NS Inverse time sensitive earth overcurrent relay Protects against highly resistive faults between phase and earth of very low v...

Page 16: ...this line to open and the reserve switch to close afterwards Once normality has been re established in the preferred line the inverse cycle is performed and the system returns to its initial status F...

Page 17: ...ons protocol The accessible information would be as follows Cubicle position Trips Alarms Meterings Voltage Current Power Energy 2 8 Energy balances By including MV energy meterings in the ekor rpa 10...

Page 18: ...e obtained by vector sum of the conventional sensor signals The meterings for supervision of current and voltage are measured integrated for 1 28 seconds and represented in phasorial mode module argum...

Page 19: ...phase meter which along with the voltage and current metering sensors form a medium voltage MV meter The energy meter accumulates 100 meterings of powers P and Q integrated in a semicircle 1 second f...

Page 20: ...urve IEC EI Extremely inverse curve IEC LTI Long time inverse curve IEC STI Short time inverse curve ANSI CURVES ANSI LI Long time inverse curve ANSI NI Normally inverse curve ANSI VI Very inverse cur...

Page 21: ...t transformers used Fixed time Unit tripping time from 0 00 s to 100 00 s Torque control Directional tripping mask OFF FORWARD or REVERSE To indicate the direction for tripping OFF Regardless of the d...

Page 22: ...the overcurrent units can be blocked in three different ways Unit block Blocks the unit preventing start up while this input remains active Timing Block Freezes the time counter value while this inpu...

Page 23: ...ctional unit are Characteristic phase angle Characteristic angle from 90 0 to 90 0 This often corresponds to the series impedance angle of the lines Typical values in distribution 30 and 45 Minimum ph...

Page 24: ...by the following formula The Reverse direction zone will be the opposite of the Forward zone In other words the above formula needs to be turned around 180 in order to achieve the expression which del...

Page 25: ...an the Vmin setting This is found in the indeterminate zone see figure below The figure below shows an example of operation for the neutral directional unit with wattmetric criterion 1 Reserve 2 Forwa...

Page 26: ...100 min to 150 min From 150 min to 250 min 5 8 A 1 5 A 5 8 A Table 4 1 Itherm read by the system Estimated thermal capacity T Time min Figure 4 6 Estimated thermal capacity Starting from an initial th...

Page 27: ...rm threshold percentage The thermal capacity percentage from which an alarm situation is considered from 80 to 100 Trip level Trip threshold percentage The thermal capacity percentage from which a the...

Page 28: ...of thermal capacity Th C exceeds the Trip Threshold setting andisdisabledwhenestimatedthermalcapacity Th C drops below the Restore Threshold setting Trip Activated when the temporize signal is activa...

Page 29: ...onductors by monitoring the sequence currents and another series of conditions detailed in this section 4 5 1 Calculation of sequence currents The broken conductor unit is supplied by the sequence cur...

Page 30: ...the sequences based on an imbalanced system It is observed that the system has a large inverse component but no zero sequence situation which can come about in lines which are not uniformly charged in...

Page 31: ...case of broken conductors could be as follows One of the phases with no current without the capacitive currents which can go through the broken conductor and the other two counter direction phases Li...

Page 32: ...current from 0 05 to 0 5 p u Unit timing Unit tripping time from 0 05 s to 600 00 s Minimum current threshold for phases Phase current value below which it is considered that the line is open Althoug...

Page 33: ...conductor unit can be blocked by the maximum current blocking unit detailed in the following sections The broken conductor unit can be blocked in three different ways Unit Block Blocks the unit preve...

Page 34: ...e Starting up the unit Unit starting voltage from 0 5 kV to 72 0 kV Time curve Curve type IEC DT IEC NI IEC VI IEC EI IEC LTI IEC STI ANSI LI ANSI NI ANSI VI ANSI EI Inverse curve time index Time inde...

Page 35: ...ting voltage from 0 5 kV to 72 0 kV Time curve Curve type IEC DT IEC NI IEC VI IEC EI IEC LTI IEC STI ANSI LI ANSI NI ANSI VI ANSI EI Inverse curve time index Time index also known as time dial from 0...

Page 36: ...the measured magnitude Vx is higher overvoltage units 59 or below undervoltage units 27 a setpoint Vpick up setting and disabled when the metering value is lower overvoltage units 59 or higher underv...

Page 37: ...an the setting 2nd harmonic threshold ratio The fundamental value of the corresponding current must be higher than the setting Min phase neutral senst neutral current Moreover the following condition...

Page 38: ...ate the second harmonic blocking signal in all phases A B and C Minimum current threshold for phases Fundamental phase current as of which the condition corresponding to minimum fundamental current is...

Page 39: ...67 EN versi n 01 07 04 2017 39 General Instructions ekor rpa Protection functions 4 7 2 Block diagram The second harmonic blocking unit complies with the following block diagram Figure 4 14 Block diag...

Page 40: ...g or not The diagram below shows how to wire the second harmonic blocking signals to the overcurrent units Figure 4 15 Cabling by second harmonic The blocking input signals of the overcurrent units ar...

Page 41: ...ction will be the ekor rpa 100 unit On the other hand the unit will be blocked if the current exceeds this value in which case the fuses will be entrusted with protection If the current in any of the...

Page 42: ...n the switch closes the block timing starts counting As with the recloser times there are 2 independent blocking times that associated to earth faults and that associated to faults between phases The...

Page 43: ...new cycle can be carried out from 1 00 s to 600 00 s This time is used if reclosing is caused by an earth fault Safety time after external or manual close This is defined as the time the recloser wait...

Page 44: ...there will be no subsequent reclosing RECLOSING ORDER This is the switch closing order which automation generates after timing the corresponding recloser time a Busbar voltage b Line currents c Tripp...

Page 45: ...orresponds to voltage presence absence automation activation ON OFF Line voltage Line voltage setting from 0 5 kV to 72 0 kV Presence of voltage level Line voltage percentage above which the automatio...

Page 46: ...s of timing using a configurable meter once the system has activated the opening order due to protection tripping remote opening operations external tripping etc or the closing order due to reclosing...

Page 47: ...remoteclosingcommand Indicates that the switch closing caused by a remote control order was correct Closing failure by remote closing command Indicates that there was an error in the switch closing ca...

Page 48: ...ecreased power consumption of these transformers enables drastic reduction of their volume 2 Improved accuracy Signal acquisition is much more accurate due to high transformation ratios 3 Wide range I...

Page 49: ...0 Hz Insulation 0 72 3 kV 0 72 3 kV 0 72 3 kV External diameter 139 mm 139 mm 139 mm Internal diameter 82 mm 82 mm 82 mm Height 38 mm 38 mm 38 mm Weight 1 350 kg 1 650 kg 1 225 kg Polarity S1 blue S2...

Page 50: ...tio 300 1 A 1000 1 A Metering range Extd 130 Extd 130 Protection 5P10 5P10 Metering Class 3 Class 3 Burden 0 2 VA 0 2 VA Thermal current 31 5 kA 3 s 31 5 kA 3 s Dynamic current 2 6 Ith 2 6 Ith Frequen...

Page 51: ...oltage pickup Bushing Type Conventional Double screen Standard Calibration on site Maximum voltage compound 40 5 kV Transformation ratio 10 kV 60 100 A 10 kV 70 100 A Metering class together with the...

Page 52: ...market It can also measure partial discharges and establish communication via PLC The electronic circuit has two BNC outputs The first one is for voltage metering whilst the second one is for filteri...

Page 53: ...tion class 3P P Q Power 1 5 Energy metering checking against energy meter standards UNE EN 50470 3 Active class B IEC 62053 21 IEC 62053 23 Active class 1 Reactive class 2 Frequency 50 Hz 60 Hz 1 Outp...

Page 54: ...ommon mode 4 kV 2 kV 1 kV Differential mode 2 kV 1 kV Conducted interference IEC 61000 4 6 2008 LEVEL 3 10 VRMS 0 15 80 MHz Industrial frequency electromagnetic field IEC 61000 4 8 2009 LEVEL 5 Contin...

Page 55: ...ests 7 7 Power tests No load cable making and breaking IEC 60265 1 1999 24 36 kV 85 A Mainly active load making and breaking IEC 60265 1 1999 24 36 kV 200 A cos 0 7 24 36 kV 630 A cos 0 7 Earth fault...

Page 56: ...s by way of a specific interconnection terminal block The current and voltage sensors also located inside the cubicle have their own special terminal block to connect to the unit The cubicles function...

Page 57: ...tuses alarms settings etc Parametrisation of the system Collection of faults and events records Ethernet 0 1 7 RS 485 port Remote control Send signals Switch position statuses automation statuses star...

Page 58: ...ring with protection and precision class phase overvoltage 59_TEMP 59_INST residual 59N_TEMP 59N_INST and phase undervoltage 27_TEMP 27_INST functions are also added along with meterings for supervisi...

Page 59: ...VDC 10 40 90 VAC 20 Yes Yes Yes Yes Metering 50 60 Hz Yes Yes Yes Yes Time synchronisation according to time zone Yes Yes Yes Yes Timer curve types IEC and ANSI IEEE Yes Yes Yes Yes Current protection...

Page 60: ...stics 8 1 4 Relay configurator The following configurator will be used to select the right unit within the ekor rpa 100 series in accordance with the characteristics of the installation Family Range M...

Page 61: ...cubicle where it is installed safely and without delay Safety of the whole tripping chain starts from the correct reading of the meterings and finishes with the disconnection of the section affected b...

Page 62: ...Disconnector in open position E6 Switch in earthing position E7 Springs loaded E8 Anti pumping relay E9 Monitoring of the closing coil in the open and closed positions Where E9 must be associated to...

Page 63: ...Interconnection between cubicles Interconnection power system and communications bus Cubicle power supply relay coils motors etc Relay communication Cabled signalling exchange 1 2 Relay terminal bloc...

Page 64: ...e cubicle cable compartment Primary check for current circuit In this case the tests are performed on the system when it is completely shut down since it involves actuating the circuit breaker and ear...

Page 65: ...nnection in the toroidal core current transformers and the current injection is performed through the test terminal block This testing method is also used when the primary circuit current values being...

Page 66: ...values which are cleared by the fuses When an overcurrent that is within the values in which the load break switch can open is detected the relay acts on a low power bistable release that opens the sw...

Page 67: ...chdog E3 Switch open S3 Opening sequence E4 Disconnector closed S4 Closing order E5 Fuse blow closed E6 General purpose E7 General purpose E8 General purpose E9 General purpose Table 8 5 Ratio of sign...

Page 68: ...e of the transformer s magnetisation current must be determined The current peak produced when a no load transformer is connected due to the effect of a magnetised nucleus is several times greater tha...

Page 69: ...Choice of fuse 125 A 2 Rated current 48 A 3 Continuous overload 58 A 4 Curve type E I 5 Factor K 0 2 6 Short circuit level 404 A 7 Instantaneous timing 400 ms 8 Secondary three phase short circuit 96...

Page 70: ...up to 2000 kVA the settings below are given as a general example It must be ensured that they properly apply to the protections upstream general line or main switch protections among others Unit Type...

Page 71: ...the G tests terminal blocks are not included as a standard option in the fuse protected cubicle Installation by functional unit can be classified in the following parts Thedescriptionpresentedisforsta...

Page 72: ...ugh the toroidal core current transformer when it comes out of the part of cable remaining above the toroidal core current transformer In this case the twisted pair goes through the inside of the tran...

Page 73: ...ocal protection and automation settings Date and time settings Remote communication settings Automation settings for the facility 9 1 Local protection and automation settings The settings list is clas...

Page 74: ...unit 1 UNIT_50 Enabling the unit Enable ON OFF Starting up the unit Pick_up 5 0 15 0 37 5 6000 0 20 000 0 50 000 0 0 1 A 0 1 A 0 1 A Unit timing Time 0 00 100 00 0 01 s Torque control Direction OFF F...

Page 75: ...01 Fixed time Time 0 00 100 00 0 01 s Torque control Direction OFF FORWARD REVERSE Sensitive neutral instantaneous unit UNIT_50NS Enabling the unit Enable ON OFF Starting up the unit Pick_up with vect...

Page 76: ...0 3 0 3 0 3 1500 0 5000 0 5000 0 0 1 A 0 1 A 0 1 A Maximum current threshold for phases Max_phase_current 5 0 15 0 37 5 6000 0 20 000 0 50 000 0 0 1 A 0 1 A 0 1 A Maximum block time Max_blocking_time...

Page 77: ...UNIT_59N_ TEMP Enabling the unit Enable ON OFF Starting up the unit Pick_up 0 5 72 0 0 1 kV Time curve Curve IEC DT NI VI EI STI and LTI ANSI NI VI EI and LI Inverse curve time index Index 0 05 1 60 0...

Page 78: ...k 50N ON OFF Reclosing Permission for unit 51N 1 Mask 51N ON OFF Reclosing Permission for unit 51N 2 Mask 51N_2 ON OFF Reclosing Permission for unit 50NS Mask 50NS ON OFF Reclosing Permission for unit...

Page 79: ...de Settings Type Designation Range Min Max Step unit Date DATE Day Day 1 31 1 day Month Month 1 12 1 month Year Year 1970 9999 1 year Time TIME Time Time 0 23 1 hour Minute Min 0 59 1 minute Second Se...

Page 80: ...t number txt aaaa_Faults_dd mm aa_hh mm ss ms_vv_ txt 10 1 1 Data capture logic Starting from idle status the system opens a new fault report every time a unit starts up This new report is correct if...

Page 81: ...pe Group Subgroup xxx xxx xxx ms xxx xxx xxx ms 3 Available units Available units Enabled Enable Started up Picked up Curve met Temporized Tripped Tripped Unit_Node Phase Temp No Empty Yes X No Empty...

Page 82: ...N OFF Timing Blocked TIMING BLOCK ON OFF Tripping Blocked TRIPPING BLOCK ON OFF Trip TRIP ON No trip by counter direction NO TRIP DIR ON No trip by blocked unit NO TRIP BLOCK ON Timed overvoltage unit...

Page 83: ...TEMPORIZED ON OFF Unit blocked UNIT BLOCK ON OFF Timing Blocked TIMING BLOCK ON OFF Tripping Blocked TRIPPING BLOCK ON OFF Trip TRIP ON No trip by blocked unit NO TRIP BLOCK ON Switch error UNIT 50BF...

Page 84: ...the stored events list Flag synchronisation Indicates whether the events are synchronised with an external clock server or not System time and date Group Refers to the logical grouping of the unit in...

Page 85: ...nts The different types of files used are Configuration settings XML Format Date time XML format Fault records TXT format Event record XLS format System information PDF format Figure 11 1 Files 11 1 W...

Page 86: ...ith rights to view the information without being able to make any changes to the configuration The default passwords for installer mode which can be modified via the website are User admin Password ch...

Page 87: ...us indicators 4 Meterings Figure 11 4 Display tab Alarms A list of all the alarms defined and the real time status of each one are displayed When an alarm is activated its status changes from OFF to O...

Page 88: ...nt select the number of events to be displayed per page etc 1 Display filter 2 Save 3 Events 4 Events summary 5 Protection unit events Figure 11 9 Event record Faults The system faults can be download...

Page 89: ...tion IP RTU Display and change IP parameters NTP parameters LDAP parameters timings etc They can be loaded and downloaded in an xml file Figure 11 13 Display and change RTU parameters Password Used to...

Page 90: ...pend on this type of screens in accordance with the how the structure is defined The data screens on the other hand are screens which show different types of data settings meterings digital signals in...

Page 91: ...k on the right key to enter the lower level navigation screens associated with the MEASURES screen The same logic is used to reach the last SEQUENCE navigation screen which the data screens correspond...

Page 92: ...eral screens mentioned in the table above are presented below Settings The screens for user settings SETTINGs are structured in the same way as in the xml settings file Clock The screens structure for...

Page 93: ...e system is Figure 11 20 Logs Every time there is a fault it is shown on the display and a priority screen with the fault information The information displayed on these priority screen is identical to...

Page 94: ...IG 267 EN versi n 01 07 04 2017 94 User interface General Instructions ekor rpa Measures The screens structure for the system meterings is Figure 11 21 Measures...

Page 95: ...IG 267 EN versi n 01 07 04 2017 95 General Instructions ekor rpa User interface Information The screens structure for system information is Figure 11 22 Information...

Page 96: ...g its identification cannot be mistaken Code shown on the display Meaning ER 03 Switch error error during opening or closing ER 04 Closing coil error in closed position ER 05 Closing coil error in ope...

Page 97: ...ent by the user by activating two pushbuttons The PC user has access to the files with the read edit load option using a USB cable The operations which can be carried out using this interface are Disp...

Page 98: ...o be carried out in accordance with an order of priority of the tasks to be run The tasks are unique for each command and are run linearly i e if the system detects that the first one should not be ru...

Page 99: ...s sent EKOR_DISK Measures 3 Download the system s user and date time settings EKOR_DISK Settings Actual or Backup Figure 11 27 Drive screen The following is required to configure the system with user...

Page 100: ...storage device class protocol making it compatible with different operating systems The steps to follow in order to display edit load system settings are shown below It is recommended to copy the disp...

Page 101: ...oximately 1s is enough This order will reset the system and apply the new settings These keys have a circular symbol around them in order to clearly identify them as keys which can carry out this orde...

Page 102: ...S master for the temperature sensors connected to the bus This connection may be carried out in either of the 2 RS 485 ports can be chosen by configuration available in the COM1 Temperature supervisio...

Page 103: ...er to be read NDATA H High byte of the number of registers to be read NDATA L Low byte of the number of registers to be read DATA1 H High byte of the first register requested DATA 1 L Low byte of the...

Page 104: ...tes that are added to the end of the message The receiver must re calculate it and compare it with the received value Both values must be equal The CRC is the remainder obtained when dividing the mess...

Page 105: ...Neutral voltage Volts 32 bits Read 0 x 0708 IA A phase current Hundredths of an ampere 32 bits Read 0 x 070A IB B phase current Hundredths of an ampere 32 bits Read 0 x 070C IC C phase current Hundred...

Page 106: ...7 ANG UBC VA UBC VA angle from 0 0 0 to 3599 359 9 16 bits Read 0 x 0778 ANG UCA VA UCA VA angle from 0 0 0 to 3599 359 9 16 bits Read 0 x 0780 SA Apparent power of phase A VAs 32 bits Read 0 x 0782 S...

Page 107: ...12 1 2 PROCOME protocol The ekor rpa 100 unit can be configured for the COM0 port communication protocol to be PROCOME The system therefore works as a PROCOME slave PROCOME is an asynchronous serial...

Page 108: ...he slave is awaited 4 SEND DATA NR No Data sending without confirmation The date time of the system is sent to the ekor rp ci using this system No response is awaited from the slaves 6 REQUEST DATA S...

Page 109: ...r data unit identification is as follows Offset Name Description 0 Typ Data type identifier The numeric value stored in this field is used to name the application data in an unequivocal way 1 Vsq Vari...

Page 110: ...to secondary direction they are as follows Typ Description 6 Slave time synchronisation 100 Control data request photo EA ED changes stop EC and photo EC 103 ED current status request photo ED 121 Co...

Page 111: ...the system receiving power through the connector itself In other words if a user connects to the mini USBUSB port of the ekor rpa 100 via a computer the system will come on and the user may access th...

Page 112: ...IG 267 EN versi n 01 07 04 2017 112 Annex General Instructions ekor rpa 13 Annex Figure 13 1 DT IEC curve Figure 13 2 NI IEC curve Figure 13 3 VI IEC curve Figure 13 4 EI IEC curve...

Page 113: ...IG 267 EN versi n 01 07 04 2017 113 General Instructions ekor rpa Annex Figure 13 5 LTI IEC curve Figure 13 6 STI IEC curve Figure 13 7 NI ANSI curve Figure 13 8 VI ANSI curve...

Page 114: ...IG 267 EN versi n 01 07 04 2017 114 Annex General Instructions ekor rpa Figure 13 9 EI ANSI curve Figure 13 10 LI ANSI curve...

Page 115: ......

Page 116: ...Subject to change without prior notice For further information contact Ormazabal Ormazabal Protection Automation IGORRE Spain www ormazabal com...

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