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CP SB1 User Manual

Technical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

4.1

Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

4.2

Environmental Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

4.2.1

Climate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

4.2.2

Shock and Vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

4.2.3

Mechanical Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

4.2.4

Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

4.2.5

Safety Standards, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

5.1

Transformer Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

5.1.1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

5.1.2

Fault Localization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

5.1.3

Winding Resistance Measurement and On-Load Tap Changer Test. . . . . . . 59

5.1.4

Four-Wire Connection for Transformer Winding Resistance Measurement. . 63

5.1.5

Safety Aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

5.1.6

Delta-Connected Windings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

5.1.7

Winding Resistance Measurement of a 100 MVA Transformer . . . . . . . . . . . 65

5.1.8

Dynamic Behavior of the Diverter Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

5.1.9

Turns Ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

5.2

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Contact Information / Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Summary of Contents for CP SB1

Page 1: ...CP SB1 TRANSFORMER SWITCH BOX FOR MEASURING RATIO AND WINDING RESISTANCE AND TESTING THE TAP CHANGER OF POWER TRANSFORMERS User Manual...

Page 2: ...this manual represent the technical status at the time of writing and are subject to change without prior notice We have done our best to ensure that the information given in this manual is useful acc...

Page 3: ...he CP SB1 15 1 4 CP SB1 Accessories 17 2 Operation 19 2 1 Measurement Setup 19 2 2 Operating Principle 20 2 3 Test Cards 20 3 Application 21 3 1 Safety Instructions for Connecting the CP SB1 to Power...

Page 4: ...r Diagnosis 57 5 1 1 Introduction 57 5 1 2 Fault Localization 59 5 1 3 Winding Resistance Measurement and On Load Tap Changer Test 59 5 1 4 Four Wire Connection for Transformer Winding Resistance Meas...

Page 5: ...tion and Operation of Electrical Test Equipment as well as all the applicable regulations for accident prevention in the country and at the site of operation has to be fulfilled Operator Qualification...

Page 6: ...covered in the CP SB1 User Manual Symbol Description Equipment damage or loss of data possible Personal injury or severe damage to objects possible Title Description CPC 100 User Manual Contains info...

Page 7: ...for Connecting the CP SB1 to Power Transformers on page 21 Maintenance and repair is only permitted by qualified experts either at the factory or certifeid external repair centers General Always obse...

Page 8: ...connecting or disconnecting test objects and or cables turn off the CPC 100 by either the POWER ON OFF switch or the Emergency Stop button Never connect or disconnect a test object while the outputs a...

Page 9: ...the DC Output to test power transformers with a high inductance observe the following safety instructions Use the TRTapCheck tap changer winding resistance and on load tap changer interruption check t...

Page 10: ...red warning light on the CPC 100 front panel indicates hazardous voltage and or current levels at the CPC 100 outputs red light I on or flashing The green warning light indicates that the CPC 100 outp...

Page 11: ...ons provided in this User Manual is also considered part of being in accordance with the regulations Disclaimer If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection pr...

Page 12: ...CP SB1 User Manual 12...

Page 13: ...s It is an accessory to the CPC 100 Automatic control of the On Load Tap Changer OLTC is included Testing of power transformers over all taps and all phases is fully automated Therefore no rewiring is...

Page 14: ...nput V1 AC V DC Output Serial Equipo tential ground terminal Beeper Control unit Overcurrent protection To Tap Changer To Transformer Power Relays Matrix Measurement Relays Matrix Up Down To Transform...

Page 15: ...idual phases of the transformer Inputs Measure for the voltage measurement Note The inputs and outputs of the respective connections u X1 v x2 w x3 n X0 are connected to the transformer using Kelvin c...

Page 16: ...anual 16 Figure 1 2 Front panel AC Input DC Input V1 AC Output V DC Output Serial connection Transformer High Voltage Tap Changer Up Down Equipotential ground terminal Transformer Low Voltage LEDs Rea...

Page 17: ...ment Coax cables 15 m 2 5 mm2 3x red 3x blue 2x green 2x yellow supplied in cable drums Connection from the CP SB1 to the transformer via Kelvin clamps and the tap changer via flexible terminal adapte...

Page 18: ...to bushings 6x Flexible terminal adapter Connection to tap changer 1x Data cable 3 m grey Connection from the CP SB1 to the CPC 100 1x Backpack To transport the cable drums and Kelvin clamps Table 1...

Page 19: ...Operation 2 1 Measurement Setup The measurement setup consists of the CPC 100 test system and the CP SB1 transformer switch box Figure 2 1 Measurement setup shows the functional setup Figure 2 1 Meas...

Page 20: ...r special measurements and single phase transformers the operation mode can be set to manual In this case use banana cables between the connections to the transformer and the CPC 100 of the CP SB1 An...

Page 21: ...rounding cable 3 Connect the grounding cable of the CP SB1 at a safe grounding point at the transformer Note Do not operate the test equipment without safe connection to ground 4 Make sure that all hi...

Page 22: ...measured connect the flexible terminal adapters to the up and down terminals of the tap changer 11 Connect the cables up down to the CP SB1 12 Connect the CP SB1 to the CPC 100 according to 1 3 Funct...

Page 23: ...est report is generated The template pairs facilitate and speed testing with the CPC 100 and the evaluation of results To run a test procedure according to a template 1 Upload the XML template for the...

Page 24: ...power transformers by injecting AC voltage from AC OUTPUT into the transformer s high voltage side The maximum voltage for Y and D transformers is limited to 300 V and for YN transformers to 150 V Th...

Page 25: ...U V H1 H2 u v X1 X2 1 B V W H2 H3 v w X2 X3 C W U H3 H1 w u X3 X1 Dd2 A U V H1 H2 w v X3 X2 1 B V W H2 H3 u w X1 X3 C W U H3 H1 v u X2 X1 Dd4 A U V H1 H2 w u X3 X1 1 B V W H2 H3 u v X1 X2 C W U H3 H1...

Page 26: ...W U H3 H1 n u X0 X1 Dy1 A U V W H1 H2 H3 u v X1 X2 3 2 B V U W H2 H1 H3 v w X2 X3 C W U V H3 H1 H2 w u X3 X1 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding connection Mea...

Page 27: ...0 C W U H3 H1 u n X1 X0 Dy7 A U V W H1 H2 H3 v u X2 X1 1 3 2 B V U W H2 H1 H3 w v X3 X2 C W U V H3 H1 H2 u w X1 X3 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding connectio...

Page 28: ...H2 H1 H3 v n X2 X0 C W U V H3 H1 H2 w n X3 X0 Dz0 A U V H1 H2 u v X1 X2 1 B V W H2 H3 v w X2 X3 C W U H3 H1 w u X3 X1 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding conne...

Page 29: ...H3 u n X1 X0 C W U V H3 H1 H2 v n X2 X0 Dz4 A U V H1 H2 w u X3 X1 1 B V W H2 H3 u v X1 X2 C W U H3 H1 v w X2 X3 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding connection...

Page 30: ...2 H1 H3 w n X3 X0 C W U V H3 H1 H2 u n X1 X0 Dz8 A U V H1 H2 v w X2 X3 1 B V W H2 H3 w u X3 X1 C W U H3 H1 u v X1 X2 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding connect...

Page 31: ...0 v n X2 X0 C W N H3 H0 w n X3 X0 YNy0 A U V H1 H2 u v X1 X2 1 B V W H2 H3 v w X2 X3 C W U H3 H1 w u X3 X1 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding connection Mea su...

Page 32: ...X0 X2 C W N H3 H0 n w X0 X3 YNy6 A U V H1 H2 v u X2 X1 1 B V W H2 H3 w v X3 X2 C W U H3 H1 u w X1 X3 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding connection Mea sure men...

Page 33: ...H3 H1 n u X0 X1 Yz1 A U V W H1 H2 H3 u v X1 X2 3 2 B V U W H2 H1 H3 v w X2 X3 C W U V H3 H1 H2 w u X3 X1 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding connection Mea sur...

Page 34: ...X3 X0 C W U H3 H1 u n X1 X0 Yz7 A U V W H1 H2 H3 v u X2 X1 1 3 2 B V U W H2 H1 H3 w v X3 X2 C W U V H3 H1 H2 u w X1 X3 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding conne...

Page 35: ...2 X3 C W N H3 H0 w u X3 X1 Yd1 A U V W H1 H2 H3 u v X1 X2 3 2 B V U W H2 H1 H3 v w X2 X3 C W U V H3 H1 H2 w u X3 X1 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding connecti...

Page 36: ...X3 X2 C W N H3 H0 u w X1 X3 Yd7 A U V W H1 H2 H3 v u X2 X1 1 3 2 B V U W H2 H1 H3 w v X3 X2 C W U V H3 H1 H2 u w X1 X3 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor group Winding conn...

Page 37: ...B V N H2 H0 v u X2 X1 C W N H3 H0 w v X3 X2 Yd11 A U V W H1 H2 H3 u w X1 X3 1 3 2 B V U W H2 H1 H3 v u X2 X1 C W U V H3 H1 H2 w v X3 X2 Table 3 1 Different Vector Groups continued IEC 60076 vec tor gr...

Page 38: ...quirements Ratio table Nominal ratios of all taps calculated from Vprim nom Vsec nom Vtest Nominal primary injection voltage f Output frequency Operation mode Depending on the Auto tap or Manual wirin...

Page 39: ...p to the next Start at defines the initial position of the tap With the Tap up Tap down softkeys you can move the tap changer manually Move the tap changer to the highest or lowest tap depending on yo...

Page 40: ...ngs page you can save the data by pressing the Save As Default menu key Then for each new test card these tap values will be retained To set up the different measurements use the A B and C keys to the...

Page 41: ...ctive line of the table Vprim Actual voltage injected from AC OUTPUT into the transformer s high voltage side Vsec Actual voltage measured at V1 AC from the transformer s low voltage side The shows th...

Page 42: ...The CPC 100 deactivates when the test is completed Auto tap Manual wiring Mode Description Fully automatic mode The tap changer phase switches and the measurement procedure are controlled by the CPC 1...

Page 43: ...he table 4 While passing through the power transformer s tap changer positions press Keep Result for each single position This adds new lines to the table holding the measured values 5 When all test p...

Page 44: ...ement setup for the trouble shooting test Select the following vector group on the Settings page and enter a value of 30 V for Vprim Press the I O test start stop push button to start the test The res...

Page 45: ...the current is led via the IAC DC input for measurement From this current value and the voltage measured by the V DC input the winding resistance is calculated The moment the tap is changed the IAC DC...

Page 46: ...asurement table see Figure 3 8 Measurement table with relevant columns for winding resistance measurement Figure 3 6 TRTapCheck test card CP SB1 connected Select the winding connection Tolerance in pe...

Page 47: ...ng the Auto tap operation mode will open the second page of the TRTapCheck test card Figure 3 7 Settings page of the TRTapCheck test card Number of taps Time needed to switch from one tap to the next...

Page 48: ...e measured resistance is always from phase to neutral Otherwise the measurement is between the phases Tmeas Actual specimen temperature Tref This is the reference temperature at which the manufacturer...

Page 49: ...at IAC DC input VDC Voltage measured at the 10 V DC input Tap in table Displays the transformer tap identifier and tap number for the measurements in the respective line of the table Rmeas Actual res...

Page 50: ...atic test 1 Select Auto tap operation 2 Select Wiring vector group Itest Tolerance and t 3 On the Settings page define Tap time Start at and No of taps 4 Press the I O test start stop push button to s...

Page 51: ...the Clear Results menu key Tap Changer Test and Measuring the Winding Resistance When testing a tap changer we recommend To inject the same current value for each phase To perform tests of each phase...

Page 52: ...C 100 as shown in Figure 3 10 Figure 3 10 Measurement setup for the trouble shooting test Select D as winding connection A for measurement and enter a value of 1 A for Itest on the Settings page Press...

Page 53: ...acts short circuit protected 0 240 V AC only AC permitted Overvoltage Category II Resistance per contact max 4 I continuous 0 9 A rms Supply Via serial interface from CPC 100 15 V Overvoltage protecti...

Page 54: ...uency range 10 150 Hz acceleration 2 g continuous 20 m s2 20 cycles per axis Shock Tested according to IEC 60068 2 27 operating mode 15 g 11 ms half sinusoid 3 shocks in each axis Table 4 4 Mechanical...

Page 55: ...nts of the member states regarding the electromagnetic compatibility EMC Directive 2004 108 EC and the low voltage Directive 2006 95 EC EMC Emission Europe International USA EN 61326 1 Class A IEC 613...

Page 56: ...CP SB1 User Manual 56...

Page 57: ...one third of the transformers are older than 30 years Transformers which are older than 50 years can still be found in service 1 Figure 5 1 110 220 kV transformers in Germany With the advancing age of...

Page 58: ...ault due to a defective bushing 2 Figure 5 2 Transformer fault due to a defective bushing The most frequent sources of failure are the tap changers bushings the paper oil insulation and the accessory...

Page 59: ...rement Excitation current measurement Measurement of leakage reactance Capacitance and Dissipation factor measurement 5 1 3 Winding Resistance Measurement and On Load Tap Changer Test Winding resistan...

Page 60: ...On Load Tap Changer OLTC In most cases the tap changer consists of two units The first unit is the tap selector which is directly located inside the transformer tank and which switches to the next hi...

Page 61: ...ecome very high due to the interruption free switching of the contacts The switching process between two taps takes approximately 40 80 ms Figure 5 5 Tap changer Figure 5 5 shows a tap changer with th...

Page 62: ...B1 User Manual 62 In Figure 5 6 a transformer with an attached tap changer is shown In both pictures the separate oil tank of the diverter switch is clearly visible Figure 5 6 Transformer with tap cha...

Page 63: ...has to be observed that the contact resistances of the connection clamps do not falsify the measuring result A constant current source is used to feed a direct current into the winding The test curren...

Page 64: ...n automatic discharge of the coil inductance after measurement is automatically carried out as it is essential for safe operation though while switching from one tap to another a discharge cycle is no...

Page 65: ...e Measurement of a 100 MVA Transformer The 220 kV 110 kV 100 MVA transformer under test manufactured in 1995 was found to have conspicuously high quantities of gas in the oil from which the conclusion...

Page 66: ...stance measurement H1 H0 In the measurements taken with the test system the different winding temperatures were considered and all other taps showed a significant increase compared to the original mea...

Page 67: ...re actually caused by the switching contacts of the tap selector No silver plated contacts were originally used and the copper contact surface was now coated with oil carbon see Figure 5 10 Bad tap se...

Page 68: ...5 11 Resistance after maintenance To examine the results in more detail it is recommended to graph the difference between UP and DOWN values see Figure 5 12 Difference UP DOWN The difference before co...

Page 69: ...quences To undertake a complete test to record the values for all taps with the described test equipment is not a significant effort Figure 5 12 Difference UP DOWN Before maintenance After maintenance...

Page 70: ...short interruptions or bouncing of the diverter switch contacts cannot be detected In this case the initiated arc has the effect of shortening the open contacts internally Comparison to fingerprint r...

Page 71: ...tion The turns ratio test detects shorted turns which indicate insulation failure Shorted turns may result from short circuits with high currents or insulation failures The voltage ratio obtained by t...

Page 72: ...a transformer with shorted turns in the low voltage winding phase A is shown Figure 5 14 Ratio magnitude f f Figure 5 15 Ratio phase angle f f Ratio magnitude Ratio magnitude Phase A Phase B Phase C F...

Page 73: ...n be proven by measuring a resistance of 10 m between LV winding and core For intact windings this ratio is nearly totally independent from the frequency in the discussed frequency range The ratio was...

Page 74: ...1 75 6 Foschum H Erfahrungsbericht zur Gasanalyse an ltransformatoren ELIN Zeitschrift 1980 Heft S 17 26 7 M llmann A L tge H IEC VDE Standards f r fl ssige Isolierstoffe zur Diagnostik von Transform...

Page 75: ...Asia Pacific OMICRON electronics Asia Ltd Hong Kong Phone 852 2634 0377 E Mail support asia omicron at Web www omicron at North and South America OMICRON electronics Corp USA Phone 1 713 830 4660 or 1...

Page 76: ...OMICRON Contact Addresses 76...

Page 77: ...t tap number 51 Emergency Stop button 9 EN 50110 1 5 EN 50191 5 equipotential ground terminal 15 F flexible terminal adapter 18 frequency selective measurement method 24 front panel 15 fully automatic...

Page 78: ...ce 13 15 Service OMICRON address 75 Settings page 39 setup disk 23 Slope 49 Source 15 Start at 39 Start Page 23 substation ground 8 support 75 Switch off in progress 9 T Tap Changer 15 tap changer 13...

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