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CCS Technical Documentation

Troubleshooting

RH-10

Issue 1 09/2002



Nokia Corporation Confidential

Page 21

Probing/Troubleshooting

Overview

When measuring CDMA transmit signals, if the spectrum analyzer does not have a CDMA
personality card, the CDMA signal power can be approximated by setting the resolution
bandwidth to 1 MHz and using the marker. CDMA signal power is measured by integrat-
ing power over a 1.23 MHz bandwidth while the marker measures power at only one fre-
quency.

Probing is generally done in local mode, although situations may arise whereby the trou-
bleshooter may need to probe while in a call. If this is done, be aware that in some cases,
probing may disturb the circuit so that the call drops.

The following tables list power levels for many combinations of AGC values; however, it
generally is only necessary to check one combination. Likewise, although probing points
and signal level information are given for each point in the receiver and transmitter
chains, the troubleshooter is not expected to probe each point on every phone. Only the
suspect trouble spots should be probed.

Absolute power measurements were made with an Agilent (HP) 85024A active high
impedance probe. While other probes may be used, it is strongly recommended that the
probe be high impedance so that the measurement does not load the circuit. Adjust
absolute measurements if the probe has a different gain or if a probe attenuator is used.

If a range is provided for loss, typically the higher loss occurs at the band edges.

Power depends on the impedance of the circuit. For example, if a circuit has a nominal
loss of 5 dB, then straightforward probing on the input and output, then subtracting,
might not result in 5 dB because the input impedance might be different from the output
impedance. However, after mathematically adjusting the power on either the input or
output to compensate for the difference in impedance, 5 dB is then calculated. Most
components in the RF section have the same input and output impedance (50 ohms), but
where this is not the case, absolute power is noted in the tables in dBm, rather than loss
or gain in dB.

When testing the CDMA receiver, it is easier to inject a CW tone into the receiver. The
gains and losses will be the same for a CW signal as for CDMA.

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Summary of Contents for RH-10 Series

Page 1: ...CCS Technical Documentation RH 10 Series Transceivers Issue 1 09 2002 Confidential Nokia Corporation Troubleshooting ...

Page 2: ...RH 10 Troubleshooting CCS Technical Documentation Page 2 Nokia Corporation Confidential Issue 1 09 2002 ...

Page 3: ...HM or HI 14 TX IF 11 dBm Set CELL Po 15 TN TX RF AGC Cell Po 0 or 1 or 2 15 TN TX Gain Comp Cell or PCS Po MD or LO LM ML MH HM or HI 16 TN G_Offset Cell MD 17 TN AMPS PL2 Po Mid or Low LowMid MidLow MidHigh HighMid or High 17 TN AMPS PL3 or 4 5 6 or 7 Po 18 TN TX Limiting Po Cell IS95 Low channel or LowMid MidLow Mid MidHigh HighMid or High channel 18 TN TX Limiting Cell CDMA2000 Po 19 TS ACPR Ce...

Page 4: ...n Page 4 Nokia Corporation Confidential Issue 1 09 2002 Reading RSSI and AGC PDM Values from the Phone 34 Loading PRLs into the Phone 35 Changing Between Local Mode and Normal Mode 35 Baseband Test Tone for AMPS Transmitter Tests 36 Block Diagrams 37 ...

Page 5: ...R5 at C710 and on VR7 at C708 Check for 1 8v on VIO If no fault is found replace N701 Batman ST TX Detector Cell This is one of the phone s self tests which gives either a Pass or Fail result only The phone transmits at several power levels and checks the ADC value of the power detector The ADC value is measured first for a set of AGC values and then each AGC value is changed individually to ensur...

Page 6: ... gives either a Pass or Fail result only The VHFPLL is inside the Robin IC The phone checks the VHFPLL s lock detect bit If this bit indicates that the PLL is unlocked the test will fail Manual Verification Turn on the Cell CDMA receiver to any channel and probe at L611 probing point 11 Figure 1 using an RF probe connected to a spectrum analyzer tuned to 346 2 MHz If the PLL is locked it will be s...

Page 7: ...e RF Tuning dialog box in Phoenix set mode to Self Tune and choose this tuning Troubleshooting Check Batman N701 and supporting components SN Cell RX DC Offset I or Q This is one of the phone s self tunings which measures and adjusts the cell band CDMA receiver DC offsets until they are within the set limits The DC offset is returned for I or Q Manual Verification Use RF Tuning dialog box in Phoen...

Page 8: ...to find but one of the easiest methods is to use a thermal camera and look for hot spots that are not normally hot Look for the hottests spots A visual inspection can find solder bridges or wrong component rotations A failed component can be found by functional tests of the phone s sub blocks Test TX Start up Amplitude This test turns on the AMPS transmitter and checks for the presence of a TX sig...

Page 9: ...s is not present check power supplies particularly ensuring 2 7v on VCTCXO Vcc pin pin 4 of G501 Also check the control pin pin 1 of G501 for a voltage between 0 4 and 2 7v If the voltages are correct and soldering of all G501 terminals is correct replace G501 If 19 2 MHz tone is present but tone at 836 52 MHz is not troubleshoot Cell TX Chain section 2 If the carrier is present but the PDM needed...

Page 10: ...center tone and tone that is offset 20 kHz is measured If it passes it is reported in that tuning If not the DC offsets are adjusted until it passes and the passing value is reported The reported result is the power in dBm of the tone that is offset 20 kHz from the carrier as measured on the antenna connector with the nominal DC offsets applied Manual Verification In Phoenix use the RF Main Mode d...

Page 11: ...lta is 35 dB or greater the phone passes If less than 35 dB vary the I DC offset on the Values line in the RF Tuning dialog box using the values listed below until the min imum carrier maximum delta is found Leave Q at 0 On the Values line enter I Q The appropriate values in decimal are 560 504 448 392 336 280 224 168 112 56 0 56 112 168 224 280 336 302 448 504 560 If the minimum is 35 dB or great...

Page 12: ...g Check Robin N801 and supporting components Also check D400 which generates the PDM signals Check AGC PDM voltages according to Tables 1 and 4 Troubleshoot the rest of the transmitter chain if necessary TN PA Gain Cal Cell Po 0 or 1 2 3 4 or 5 These tunings model the cell PA gain curve by setting the PA AGC PDM to several values and measuring output power First the TX PA AGC and the TX RF AGC are...

Page 13: ... Table 2 to find out if the power level is going into the PA or if the power level is correct going into the PA but the PA gain is too low If the power level going into the PA is too low probe the TX chain at all the other points prior to the PA listed in the table to see where the gain is lacking When that point is identified check the soldering of all related components and replace components un...

Page 14: ... 2 and 4 Also check D400 which generates the PDM signals Check AGC PDM voltages according to Table 1 Trou bleshoot the rest of the cell transmitter if needed TN TX Gain Comp Cell Po MD or LO LM ML MH HM or HI Both this tuning and the next TX IF dBm Set Cell Po ensure that the value of TxdBCtr correctly corresponds to the absolute TX output power On the midchannel with TxdBCtr set to a specified va...

Page 15: ...uld be within the limits listed in the tuning results file Troubleshooting If 8 dBm cannot be attained troubleshoot Cell TX TX IF 11 dBm Set CELL Po See the previous tuning TN TX Gain Comp Cell Po MD or LO LM ML MH HM or HI This is the part of the previous tuning when the TX IF AGC is adjusted so that the output power is 11 dBm The result is a power in dBm A perfect result would be 11 00 dBm Manua...

Page 16: ...orded in this tuning After this is done on the midchannel the channel is changed to each of the other channels and output power is reported G_Offset is not adjusted on the other channels as it was on the center channel just the output power is recorded The result is the transmitted power in dBm which should be 8 0 dBm 0 5 dB on the center channel Manual Verification Set the phone to local mode and...

Page 17: ...unes the AMPS transmit Power Level 0 on seven channels by adjusting TxdBCtr The channels are Low 991 LowMid 107 MidLow 245 Mid 384 MidHigh 521 HighMid 660 High 799 The algorithm then interpolates between the measured points for frequency compensation The result is measured transmit power in dBm for power level 0 on each of the seven channels Manual Verification Set the phone to local mode and turn...

Page 18: ...hile in Cell IS95 mode The reason for this is to ensure that the phone never violates the SAR Specific Absorption Ratio limit which is a health and safety specification that limits the amount of radia tion near the user s head The phone is set to transmit and TxdBCtr is adjusted for the maximum transmit power The result is a power level in dBm which is the maximum allowed This is done on each of t...

Page 19: ...RXdBCtr 0 or 1 or 2 This tuning calibrates the RX IF AGC curve because the output power of the IF part of the Batman IC is not a linear function of RX_IF_AGC The tuner injects three known sig nal power levels into the phone s receiver and for each one the phone s AGC algorithm adjusts the RX_IF_AGC to get the same amplitude at the output of Batman although different amplitudes are going in From th...

Page 20: ... both Cell and PCS set the amplitude to 95 dBm Record RxdBCtr which is returned from Phoenix in the lowest field in the RF Tuning dialog box Troubleshooting Check Alfred and supporting components Final UI Test Rho Rho is a measure of CDMA transmit signal quality which encompasses other transmitter indicators such as phase error and magnitude error Rho is measured with the phone in a phone call and...

Page 21: ...t on every phone Only the suspect trouble spots should be probed Absolute power measurements were made with an Agilent HP 85024A active high impedance probe While other probes may be used it is strongly recommended that the probe be high impedance so that the measurement does not load the circuit Adjust absolute measurements if the probe has a different gain or if a probe attenuator is used If a r...

Page 22: ... 123 0 66 24 2 PL3 409 0 17 73 0 75 15 4 3 dB 310 0 34 19 9 PL4 249 0 44 63 0 77 19 2 3 dB 330 0 30 15 8 PL5 104 0 70 53 0 78 22 4 3 dB 330 0 30 12 5 PL6 37 0 95 48 0 79 27 9 3 dB 330 0 30 8 2 PL7 CELL CDMA 403 0 17 115 0 66 16 3 dB 220 1 27 25 403 0 17 116 1 08 42 3 dB 270 0 40 2 200 1 23 124 1 09 58 3 dB 331 0 29 23 450 1 68 124 1 09 65 3 dB 331 0 29 39 511 1 78 207 1 24 75 3 dB 331 0 29 50 Tabl...

Page 23: ...t cell PA N801 in 5 Figure 1 Loss 2 3 dB through SAW filter Z604 N603 N801 Vbat Cell PA N801 out cell isolator Z802 in 6 Figure 1 Probing here not recom mended unless necessary best to measure on RF connector PA has variable gain see Table 1 Best to measure on RF connector N801 including check 3 6v on Vbat Z802 R821 R801 R804 L801 C805 R806 R805 V801 D400 including AGC voltage N601 since lref also...

Page 24: ...5 first Else check C511 C501 C532 C550 R550 C509 R503 C508 R508 C518 N501 R506 C516 C515 C521 R513 C504 Lastly check R523 R519 R509 VHF LO at 346 2 MHz for cell band any channel 11 Figure 1 You can touch top of plastic to verify pres ence of LO but this won t measure amplitude accurately N601 C612 C613 R607 R605 C632 R606 C618 R609 C629 V602 C637 V601 C630 C631 L611 C638 R604 R601 R602 Table 2 RF ...

Page 25: ...le 1 D400 UPP R433 C426 R434 C427 C429 V420 N601 TX IF AGC See Table 1 13 Figure 3 See Table 1 D400 UPP R427 C422 R428 C423 C430 V421 N601 PA AGC See Table 1 14 Figure 3 See Table 1 D400 UPP R430 C424 R431 C425 C431 V422 N601 PD_CELL High for TX on Low for TX off 49 Figure 1 High 2 6v Low 0v N601 C649 N603 VREFRF02 fixed 50 Figure 1 1 36v D200 C606 N601 Table 4 Receiver Probing PDM and voltage PDM...

Page 26: ...xer Z803 L750 N750 VRX Alfred N750 LNA out cell RX saw Z751 in 33 Figure 2 Gain 12 14 dB for high gain mode GAIN_CTL high Use RF AGC status window to monitor state Loss 3 to 5dB for low gain N750 Also IF_SEL low for CDMA and high for AMPS Ensure GAIN_CTL high if RX power is below the LNA switch point Z751 C755 L752 C757 R721 C753 R723 C756 Cell RX saw Z751 out Alfred N750 mixer in 34 Figure 2 Loss...

Page 27: ...84 L764 C781 Z752 AMPS RX IF filter Z752 out Batman N701 in 37 Figure 2 This point not 50 ohms Will meas ure approx 46 dBm for 52 dBm input and RX AGC PDM 225 Z752 L765 C777 L766 C778 L768 L767 C779 N701 VR5 VR7 VIO Batman N701 out UEM D200 in 38 Figure 3 RSSI most useful N701 VR5 VR7 VIO ensure 1 35v on VREFRF01 also check RX_IF_AGC R706 C704 R705 R704 V701 C716 L701 C702 C715 R702 C714 R703 C701...

Page 28: ...C786 Z753 CDMA RX IF saw Z753 out Batman N701 in 47 Figure 2 This point not 50 ohms Will meas ure approx 47 dBm for 52 dBm input and RX AGC PDM 225 Z753 N750 and supporting com ponents including check for proper voltages on Alfred signaling L754 C782 C767 L759 C770 C771 C772 L760 L761 N701 Batman N701 out UEM D200 in 38 Figure 3 Easiest to use RSSI N701 VR5 VR7 VIO ensure 1 35v on VREFRF01 R705 C7...

Page 29: ...CCS Technical Documentation Troubleshooting RH 10 Issue 1 09 2002 Nokia Corporation Confidential Page 29 Probing Diagrams Figure 1 Test Points Figure 2 Test Points ...

Page 30: ...wn menu This opens the Main Mode dialog box To turn on the transmitter first turn on the carrier by highlighting RX TX in the top subwindow This also turns on the receiver Enter the appropriate channel in the Chan nel subwindow and then click the Set button in the upper righthand portion of the dia log box Next turn on the modulation by opening the CDMA Control dialog box from the DSP drop down me...

Page 31: ...oosing AMPS in the Band field However a current software problem exists with this method with the result that once the AMPS transmitter is turned on in this manner it does not respond correctly to AGC PDM adjustment As a temporary solution the AMPS Control dialog box shown here can be used Select the desired channel and power level and check Transmitter ON Click the Exe cute button Note The reason...

Page 32: ...d on and click the Stop button Click the Read button which then displays the values in both addresses Note Both addresses should be 1 Change both addresses to 0 by clicking on the 1 which highlights the data in the address Next you can edit the contents and make the change from 1 to 0 Click the Return key on your keyboard to enter the new values Once the contents of both addresses are changed to 0...

Page 33: ...d Three seconds is sufficient time for all tests to run however in certain cases you may want to increase the delay in order to closely observe the phone s behavior during the tuning Any data returned from the phone is displayed on the status line the grayed box at the bottom of the dialog box If no tuning value is returned this line will indicate if the tun ing was successful or not To begin a tu...

Page 34: ...d the template file by clicking the Load File but ton which is located under the Parameter File heading Note Ensure that the template file used is appropriate for the software version in the phone Reading RSSI and AGC PDM Values from the Phone Open the AGC Status dialog box Check the Enable Trace box RSSI is the value near the antenna on the receiver side The AGC PDM values are shown beside their ...

Page 35: ...f the dialog box When you choose your desired file note that the text color changes to blue Click the Write PRL To Phone button At the bottom of the dialog box a status message will indicate if the file was loaded correctly Changing Between Local Mode and Normal Mode To make a call the phone should be in normal mode When in normal mode the phone software is running and the phone will search for a ...

Page 36: ...re is not running and it will not search for a pilot To switch between normal and local modes use the Phone Control dialog box shown here This setting will be lost if the phone is powered down Baseband Test Tone for AMPS Transmitter Tests To add a baseband test tone to the AMPS transmitter open the RF Test Tone dialog box shown here and set the parameters as desired ...

Page 37: ...CCS Technical Documentation Troubleshooting RH 10 Issue 1 09 2002 Nokia Corporation Confidential Page 37 Block Diagrams Figure 4 Transmitter Block Diagram Figure 5 Receiver Block Diagram ...

Page 38: ...RH 10 Troubleshooting CCS Technical Documentation Page 38 Nokia Corporation Confidential Issue 1 09 2002 Figure 6 Synthesizer Block Diagram ...

Page 39: ...ency Plan Figure 8 Distribution of VCTCXO tone at 19 2 MHz UHF LO CELL 997 14 1022 07 MHz 30 kHz Step TX Block RX Block TX VHF LO CELL 346 2 MHz 0 90 2 1 TX Q TX I RX VHF LO CELL 256 2 MHz 0 90 2 1 RX Q RX I TX IF CELL 173 6 MHz RX IF CELL 128 1 MHz 824 04 848 97 MHz 30 kHz Steps CELL 869 04 893 97 MHz 30 kHz Steps CELL ...

Page 40: ... RBIAS PLL Q input I input Reset RF_BUS_CLK RF_BUS_DATA RF_BUS_EN1X TX_PA_AGC 1 35V reference voltage RBIAS SSB MIXER TX_IF_AGC_REF MUX 2 gain control gain control 90 o 90 o charge pump phase detector loop divider reference divider VHF VCO REGISTER 5 REGISTER 4 REGISTER 3 REGISTER 2 REGISTER 1 REGISTER 0 SIO interface BIASING BIAS CONTROL TEST MUX 90 o 90 o TEST1 TEST2 FILSEL2 PCSCTRL DEAF_CH_EN c...

Page 41: ...CCS Technical Documentation Troubleshooting RH 10 Issue 1 09 2002 Nokia Corporation Confidential Page 41 Figure 10 Detailed Batman Block Diagram ...

Page 42: ...RH 10 Troubleshooting CCS Technical Documentation Page 42 Nokia Corporation Confidential Issue 1 09 2002 Figure 11 Block Diagram for both Shark Cell AMPS PA Figure 12 CDMA AGC Algorithm ...

Page 43: ... Issue 1 09 2002 Nokia Corporation Confidential Page 43 Figure 13 AMPS AGC Algorithm 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10 0 30 20 TOTAL IF AGC PA AGC RF AGC 40 GAIN dB Output Power dBm dBm dBm AMPS AGC 20 30 10 3 4 5 6 7 2 24 12 16 8 AMPS PWR LEVEL LEVELS ...

Page 44: ...RH 10 Troubleshooting CCS Technical Documentation Page 44 Nokia Corporation Confidential Issue 1 09 2002 ...

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