1
Polarizing Microscope
BA310 POL
Instructions
Page 1: ...1 Polarizing Microscope BA310 POL Instructions ...
Page 2: ...uirements of modern research techniques and testing methods This involves modification to the mechanical structure and optical design of our instruments Therefore all descriptions and illustrations in this instruction manual including all specifications are subject to change without notice ...
Page 3: ... Although every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of this instruction manual if you note any points that are unclear or inaccurate please contact Motic agency or our Technical Service directly ...
Page 4: ...ern compound microscope The polarizing microscope however contains several additional features which greatly increase its range of usefulness The most distinctive features are the graduated circular rotating stage the polarizer and analyzer Additionally accessories such as the Bertrand lens mica plate gypsum plate and quartz wedge permit the evaluation of properties and characteristics that cannot...
Page 5: ...lters 13 3 14 Power Cord 13 4 MICROSCOPY 14 Manipulation of each Component 4 1 Coarse and Fine Focusing 14 I Coarse Focus Torque Adjustment 14 II Coarse Focus Height Stopper 14 4 2 Binocular Tube 15 I Diopter Adjustment 15 II Interpupillary Distance Adjustment 15 4 3 Condenser 16 I Focusing And Centering 16 II Condenser Swing Out Top Lens 16 III Condenser Aperture Diaphragm 16 4 4 Field Diaphragm ...
Page 6: ...5 TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE 5 USING OIL IMMERSION OBJECTIVE 22 6 PHOTOMICROGRAPHIC PROCEDURE 23 7 ACCESSORIES 24 8 TERMINOLOGY 25 9 TROUBLESHOOTING TABLE 27 10 CARE AND MAINTENANCE 29 ...
Page 7: ...ar Eyepiece Tube Analyser Rotating Dial Analyser Clamp Screw Intermediate Tube Clamp Screw Analyser Slider Revolving Nosepiece Fine Focus Knob Condenser Aperture Ring condenser Condenser Aperture Scale Field Lens Stage Rotation Clamp Screw Circular Graduated Stage Condenser Clamp Screw Coarse Focus Height Stopper ...
Page 8: ...7 Compensator Analyser Scale 0 Analyser Rotating Dial Compensator Slot Bertrand Lens Centering Screw Intermediate Tube ...
Page 9: ...tering Screw Analyser Slider Knob BA310 POL Objective Polarizer Fine Focus Knob Coarse Focus Knob Coarse Focus Torque Adjustment Ring Bertrand Lens Turret Bertrand Lens Focus Ring Vernier Scale Sub Stage Condenser Carrier Condenser Focus Knob Objective Centering Nosepiece ...
Page 10: ...9 Swing Out Condenser Aperture diaphragm scale Aperture Diaphragm Ring Stage Clip Field Diaphragm Field Diaphragm Ring Condenser Centering Screw Condenser Top Lens Swing Out Lever ...
Page 11: ...ever always use a power cord that is rated for the voltage used in your area and that has been approved to meet local safety standards Using the wrong power cord could cause fire or equipment damage When using an extension cord only use a power supply cord with a protective earth PE wire In order to prevent electric shock always turn the switch on the power supply off before connecting the power c...
Page 12: ...g the bulb envelope directly because fingerprints left on the envelope will be burned into the glass often initiating premature lamp failure Manufacturers package tungsten halogen lamps in protective plastic bags to avoid handling problems Use a pair of scissors to cut the bag near the tungsten pins insert the lamp into its holder while it still remains in the bag Remove the bag when the lamp is p...
Page 13: ...icrographic devices See Microscope Terminology 3 9 Analyser Slider Unscrew the analyser slider knob from the side of the slider Insert into the slot of the intermediate tube with the analyser rotating dial positioned on the right of the intermediate tube Secure with slider knob 3 10 Compensators Insert the compensator into the compensator slot of the intermediate tube The compensator slot is orien...
Page 14: ...on the filter and the field lens Filter selection Filter Function ND2 T 50 For brightness adjustment in photomicrography ND4 T 25 ND16 T 6 Blue Filter Colour Balancing Filter For routine microscopy and photomicrography Green Interference 546nm For retardation measurement and contrast adjustment A diffuser is built into the base of the microscope When removing the diffuser from the light path turn ...
Page 15: ...heir limit I Coarse Focus Torque Adjustment To increase the torque turn the torque adjustment ring located behind the left hand coarse focus knob in the direction indicated by the arrow To reduce the torque turn the ring in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow II Coarse Focus Height Stopper The coarse focus height stopper marks the stage position at which the specimen is in focus ...
Page 16: ...he procedure for adjusting the diopter differs from that of an ordinary microscope Turn the diopter adjustment ring on the right eyepiece to bring the cross line in the eyepiece into focus Next focus on a specimen while viewing with the right eye and then turn the diopter adjustment ring on the left eyepiece and bring specimen into focus II Interpupillary Distance Adjustment Before adjusting the i...
Page 17: ...g out for orhoscopic observation with 4X or lower magnification When measuring the retardation or observing the inference colour swing out the top lens to make the illuminating light path as parallel as possible to the optical axis III Condenser Aperture Diaphragm In orthoscopic microscopy The condenser aperture diaphragm is provided for adjusting the numerical aperture N A of the illuminating sys...
Page 18: ...The thickness of the glass slide must be 1 7mm or less otherwise the field diaphragm may not be focused on the specimen plane The diaphragm does not have any effect when the condenser top lens is swung out of the optical path Fully open the field diaphragm as the numerical aperture of the illuminating system will be reduced if the diaphragm is excessively stopped down 4 5 Orientation of Polarizer ...
Page 19: ...ing 40x objective into optical path Adjust the Bertrand lens focus ring under the Bertrand lens turret to focus on the image of the condenser aperture diaphragm that is stopped down to 70 80 of the numerical aperture of the objective Adjust the Bertrand lens centering screws to bring the image of the condenser aperture to the center of the field of view The centering procedure is the same as that ...
Page 20: ... 4 145nm It changes plane polarized light into circularly polarized light II 1λ plate sensitive tint or first order red The 1λ plate is called a gypsum plate of a thickness to give1λ optical path difference for green light of 550 nm This wavelength is therefore extinguished with the resulting interference colour having the typical tint of the first order red violet This magenta colour is sometimes...
Page 21: ...nges towards the higher order rotate the stage another 90º Measuring Retardation Slide the quartz wedge along the length of the slot and the interference colour will change Stop sliding the quartz wedge where the dark band covers the part of the specimen to be measured Remove the specimen and compare the interference colour at the same position without the specimen with the Interference Colour Cha...
Page 22: ...t and then rotate the stage The target should illustrate a concentric circle of rotation about the intersection of the cross lines If it does not rotate the stage until the target is farthest from the intersection of the closslines bring it in halfway by means of the centering screws and then bring it to the center of the stage by moving the slide itself Rotate the stage and repeat the procedure i...
Page 23: ...ly After the examination the oil should be wiped off the objective with a lens cleaning tissue and the residual film removed with soft cloth moistened with petroleum benzine or absolute alcohol Locate the field of interest with a lower magnification objective swing the objective out of the light path and add one drop of immersion oil over the site of the specimen Swing in the oil immersion objecti...
Page 24: ... position of the condenser Select a blue filter for routine application An additional colour compensating filter can be used depending on the colour rendition Adjustment of the field diaphragm is important for the purpose of limiting extraneous light that may cause flare and lower the contrast Stop down the diaphragm to achieve an illuminated area slightly larger than that of the field of view A c...
Page 25: ...lled at the analyzer resulting in a black colour With increasing thickness corresponding to increasing retardation the interference colour changes from black to gray to white to yellow to red and then a repeating sequence of colours from blue to green to yellow to red The colours get paler or more washed out with each recurrence In the above image the repeating sequence of colours changes from red...
Page 26: ...d with the cone of light furnished by the condenser and viewed by the objective This study is accomplished by inserting a Bertrand lens by examining the image with a Pinhole stop or by using a phase telescope Diaphragm Condenser A diaphragm which controls the effective size of the condenser aperture A synonym for the condenser illuminating aperture diaphragm Diopter Adjustment The adjustment of th...
Page 27: ...ular Depolarizer Depolarizers change plane polarization into a mix of polarization states which resemble un polarized light x axis In a plane Cartesian coordinate system the horizontal axis or axis in the left to right direction y axis In a plane Cartesian coordinate system the vertical axis orthogonal to the x axis ...
Page 28: ...Poor image low contrast or resolution Uneven focus Condenser is set too low Aperture diaphragm closed too far No cover glass Too thick or thin cover glass Immersion oil not used on immersion procedure Air bubbles in immersion oil Specified immersion oil used not used Immersion oil on dry objective Greasy residue on eye lens Incorrect illumination Specimen holder not fixed securely on stage Specime...
Page 29: ... plugged in Lamp not installed Lamp burnt out Inadequate brightness Specified lamp not being used Lamp blows out immediately Specified lamp not being used Lamp flickers Connectors are not securely connected Lamp near end of service life Lamp not securely plugged into socket ...
Page 30: ...ame Do not use the same area of the gauze or tissue more than once Cleaning of Painted or Plastic Components Do not use organic solvents thinners alcohol ether etc doing so could result in discolouration or in the peeling of paint For stubborn dirt moisten a piece of gauze with diluted detergent and wipe clean When Not In Use When not in use cover the instrument with a vinyl dust cover store in a ...
