MFJ MFJ-259D Instruction Manual Download Page 6

MFJ-259D Instruction Manual 

HF/VHF SWR Analyzer 

2.4 

Using Conventional “AA” Drycell Batteries 

Whenever possible, install a fresh matched set of high-quality alkaline batteries. Conventional zinc cells will work, 
but alkaline batteries offer a lower risk of damage caused by leakage. Alkaline cells also provide longer running time 
and superior shelf life. 

When using any non-rechargeable dry-cell battery, always remove them immediately when 

they become weak to avoid damage from leakage. Also, never store your analyzer for extended periods (longer than 
a month) with non-rechargeable batteries installed.

 

IMPORTANT WARNING: When Using Non-Rechargeable Batteries, The Analyzer's Internal Charging System 
Must  Be  Defeated!  To  Defeat  The  Charger,  Set  The  Internal  Jumper  To  The  Charger-Off  Position,  As  Shown 
Below: 

 

2.5 

“Power Saving” Mode (sleep mode) 

The analyzer's current drain is normally around 150 mA, which places a moderate demand on the battery pack. You 
can extend the analyzer's running time significantly by using the internal 

Sleep Mode 

power-saving function. In 

Sleep 

Mode

,  the  analyzer's  RF-generator  shuts  down  and  battery  drain  drops  to  under  15  mA.  Any  time 

Sleep  Mode 

is 

activated, the analyzer

 

operates with a 

two-minute inactivity window

During any 2-minute period, you must actuate 

the Mode switch -- or adjust the frequency by more than 50 kHz -- at least once for the analyzer to remain awake.

 

Any  time  a  two-minute  inactivity  period  elapses,  the  power  saving  circuit  automatically  switches  in.  When  the 
analyzer goes to sleep, a blinking

 

SLP

 

message will appear in the display’s lower right corner, as shown below: 

 

To reawake the unit, momentarily press either the 

Mode

 or 

Gate

 button. 

To Disable 

Sleep

 mode:

 

(1.) Turn the analyzer off. 
(2.) Press and hold the 

Mode

 button while reapplying power. 

(3.) Continue holding the 

Mode

 

button until the copyright message appears on the screen. 

(4.) Release 

Mode

. If 

Sleep Mode

 was disabled successfully, the message shown below will appear on-screen. 

The 

Sleep Mode function becomes re-enabled anytime the analyzer is turned Off and On again

 

3.0  MAIN MENU AND DISPLAY 

IMPORTANT WARNING: Never Apply RF or any other external voltage to the Antenna port of this 
unit. The MFJ-259D uses zero bias detector diodes that may be damaged by external voltages. Read 
Section-2.0 before applying power! Incorrect supply voltages will also damage this unit. 

3.1 

General Connection Guidelines 

1.)  Antenna  Jack:

  When  making  RF  measurements,  connect  your 

Device  Under  Test

  (DUT)  to  the  SO-239 

connector located on the top of the case. You'll use this port for 

SWR

 and all other RF measurements excluding the

 

Frequency Counter

 function. 

2.) Power connector

: (2.1 mm type) is described in Section 2.0. Be sure to read Section-2.0 

before

 operating your 

unit. Using an incorrect power sources can permanently damage the analyzer. 

Summary of Contents for MFJ-259D

Page 1: ......

Page 2: ...ntenna SWR 7 4 3 Coax Loss 9 4 4 Capacitance 9 4 5 Inductance 10 5 0 ADVANCED OPERATION 11 5 1 Forward 11 5 2 General Connection Guidelines 12 5 3 Magnitude of Impedance mode 12 5 4 Return Loss and Reflection Coefficient mode 12 5 5 Distance to Fault mode 13 5 6 Resonance Mode 13 5 7 Percentage Transmitted Power 14 6 0 ADJUSTING SIMPLE ANTENNAS 14 6 1 Dipoles 14 6 2 Verticals 15 6 3 Tuning a simpl...

Page 3: ...eeded to deliver the additional RF power greatly reduces battery life In fact over 70 of the analyzer s 150 mA current drain is already allocated to the VFO and its amplifier stages for generating a low harmonic level amplitude test signal Most RF interference problems occur at lower frequencies and are caused by high power AM broadcast stations These signals couple efficiently into large antenna ...

Page 4: ...eferenced to 50 ohms The MFJ 259D as a non precision signal source VFO output is leveled at approximately 3 Vpp or around 20 milliwatts into a 50 ohm load This signal is relatively pure with harmonics better than 25 dBc dB below the fundamental frequency carrier The internal source impedance Zo is 50 ohms A more complete description of the MFJ 259D s features along with proper measurement methods ...

Page 5: ... of the Charger Jumper To gain access remove the eight screws securing the analyzer s back cover and separate it from the unit Look for a 3 pin header with a small black plastic shorting plug that fits over two of its pins It is located at the top of the main pc board near the OFF ON switch and power connector The shorting plug must be properly positioned for the type of battery you intend to use ...

Page 6: ...just the frequency by more than 50 kHz at least once for the analyzer to remain awake Any time a two minute inactivity period elapses the power saving circuit automatically switches in When the analyzer goes to sleep a blinking SLP message will appear in the display s lower right corner as shown below To reawake the unit momentarily press either the Mode or Gate button To Disable Sleep mode 1 Turn...

Page 7: ... new selection comes up on the display with an Identifier Screen After 3 seconds the Identifier Screen is replaced by the mode s working screen The menu is circular so after sequencing through all five choices the sequence starts over The five basic operating modes are described in detail below 1 Impedance R X Initial Mode Use this mode for measuring SWR and complex impedance The Impedance R X mod...

Page 8: ... 10 millivolts and this level gradually increases to around 200 millivolts at 230 MHz The never exceed limit for safe testing is 2 volts peak to peak The counter s default gate time is 0 1 second but you may reset it to either 01 second very fast or 1 0 second very slow by tapping the Gate button A 1 0 second gate times provide increased frequency resolution more digits to the right of the decimal...

Page 9: ...ance measurements Displacing the load away from the analyzer s calibration plane through random lengths of coax will have little or no impact on SWR readings but will introduce enough error through phase shift and transformer action to invalidate virtually any complex impedance measurement you might make When measuring Complex Impedance install the MFJ 259D as close electrically to the DUT as poss...

Page 10: ...nnas such as Yagis and verticals are adjustable for both resonant frequency and impedance match Begin by setting these antennas for the element length prescribed in the instruction sheet or the calculated length Then adjust the matching network for minimum SWR The two adjustments tuning and matching are separate but often interact so be prepared to alternately readjust both element length and netw...

Page 11: ...ance Access the Capacitance Mode by stepping the Mode switch to the Capacitance identification screen The top line of the working display shows the Frequency in MHz and the Capacitive Reactance Xc of the DUT at that specific frequency The lower line displays the computed Capacitance in pF Normally the measurement range is from a few pF to a few thousand pF The MFJ 259D becomes inaccurate when meas...

Page 12: ...e is questionable Positive Reactance Sign The MFJ 259D measures Reactance X and mathematically converts it to an Inductance value but its processor can t determine if the reactance is inductive or capacitive You can usually determine the type or sign of the reactance by adjusting the VFO If tuning up in frequency cause the reactance to decrease the load is likely capacitive j at the measurement fr...

Page 13: ...of Apparent Power in the system see equivalency chart below All of these terms have a corresponding SWR value attached to them so if they seem unfamiliar and you have no specific need to apply them sticking with basic SWR measurements will serve you just as well MFJ 259D Limitations for Advanced Measurements The analyzer s coupler uses a 50 ohm bridge with voltage detectors across each leg An eigh...

Page 14: ... measuring components or systems other than Zo 50 ohms Also assume that installing a random length transmission line between the DUT and the analyzer s calibration plane can and usually will substantially alter Impedance measurements When measuring SWR use properly constructed 50 ohm coaxial cables of known quality and check connector condition 5 3 Magnitude of Impedance mode Impedance Magnitude i...

Page 15: ... resistive and reactive loads or L C terminations may skew the results or simply not work To conduct the test follow the specific sequence of steps outlined below To measure fault distance 1 Connect the DUT to the analyzer s Antenna connector From Advanced mode tap the Mode switch twice to bring up the Distance to Fault ID screen The top line of the working screen will display the VFO frequency in...

Page 16: ...ntennas are tuned for operating frequency by varying the element length and most homemade verticals and dipoles are very simple to adjust 6 1 Dipoles Because the dipole is a balanced antenna it s always a good idea and good engineering practice to install a balun at the feed point A balun could be as simple as several turns of coax wrapped several inches in diameter or it could be a complicated af...

Page 17: ... bleed off static then connect to the Antenna jack 2 Set the analyzer s band switches and VFO tuning for the desired band 3 Select any analyzer operating mode that will display SWR 4 Read the SWR and adjust the VFO tuning for minimum SWR Write down the frequency 5 To re tune your antenna accurately without a lot of cut and try calculate a Scaling Factor 6 First determine if the antenna needs to be...

Page 18: ... with the shield grounded For balanced line run the analyzer on its internal batteries keep it a few feet away from other conductors and earth and do not attach any stray wires other than the feedline Connect the DUT with one lead to the analyzer s ground stud and the other to the Antenna center pin The DUT must be suspended and kept away from metallic objects and ground Note that the far end of t...

Page 19: ...known line Taking one approach we intentionally introduce a resistive mismatch at the far end of the line measure the impedance transformation over a 360 phase rotation at the near end and calculate the impedance at the center Or we introduce different trial loads of known resistance at the far end until we find a value where the cable becomes flat across a wide range of frequencies In essence we ...

Page 20: ...nected to the MFJ 259D 1 Patch the analyzer Antenna jack to the tuner input connector 2 Connect the desired antenna at the tuner output connector 3 Tune the analyzer VFO to the desired frequency and leave it there 4 Select the analyzer s basic SWR Resistance R Reactance X Mode 5 Adjust the tuner s controls until the analyzer s SWR indicators show unity 1 1 6 Turn off and disconnect the MFJ 259D Re...

Page 21: ...he clip lead installed at position B but show poor SWR with the clip lead is installed at A or C note however that the SWR readings should measure about the same whether connected to A or C A voltage balun should also be tested using the configuration shown in Fig B with the resistors in parallel If it is operating properly SWR will be remain low with the resistors connected from either output ter...

Page 22: ... 0549 or the MFJ Factory at 622 323 5869 We can serve you best if you have your unit manual and all pertinent information about your difficulty handy so you can answer questions the technicians may ask You can also send questions by mail to MFJ Enterprises Inc 300 Industrial Park Road Starkville MS 39759 by FAX to 662 323 6551 or by e mail to techinfo mfjenterprises com Send a complete description...

Page 23: ...receive the original parts you wish to replace your proof of purchase and a personal check cashiers check or money order must be provided to cover postage and handling Postage and handling may vary according to the weight of the product in question We also take MasterCard Visa American Express and Discover credit cards 4 This warranty is NOT void for owners who attempt to repair defective units Te...

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