the train. This means the decoder delivers more voltage to the motor(s) if the locomotive is running uphill in
order to keep the speed constant. The eMOTION XXL Decoder is equipped with a state-of-art integrated PI-
Load Control (proportional-integral) that can be programmed efficiently by 3 CVs. These 3 CVs define the
characteristics of the PI-Load Control by the following parameters: maximum re-adjustment factor (allowed
readjustment per adjustment interval), re-adjustment retardation (frequency of the adjustment intervals), and
maximum re-adjustment strength (maximum re-adjustment to the speed setpoint).
Maximum Re-Adjustment Factor (CV60)
The maximum re-adjustment factor sets the range of change per re-adjustment interval for the motor voltage
(see CV61), input range is 0 … 255. The larger the value the more aggressive the decoder will react to load
changes. In the most extreme cases the locomotive will overcontrol and tend to drive jerky during load changes.
Re-Adjustment Retardation (CV61)
The re-adjustment retardation defines how often the eMOTION XXL Decoder is allowed to re-adjust per
second. Increasing the value means an increase of re-adjustments per second. The eMOTION XXL Decoder is
able to perform up to 4000 adjustments per second. The basic setting is “60”. This results in a leisurely and
realistic control characteristic. Formula: 4000/(CV-value) = Number of adjustments per second.
Re-Adjustment Strength (CV62)
An example will explain this matter best: The motor voltage is insufficient to keep the speed as the load
increases. The PI-load control kicks in and regulates (increases) the motor voltage accordingly to make sure
the locomotive continues with the same speed. The re-adjustment strength is the maximum allowable voltage to
achieve the required speed. The selectable value range is 0…255. The basic setting is “255”, the maximum
strength. This means the eMOTION XXL Decoder is allowed to increase the motor voltage up to the track
eMOTION XXL Decoder 9
Illustration 7: Operating Modes of the PI-Load Control